【找回考研状态，没有放弃，继续更新】读经济英文教材--范里安微观

5 th：     January 10th    P73~87

CHAPTER 5        CHOICE

In this chapter, I have learn the optimal choiceof consumers. If you have had the microeconomics class, I believe you arefamiliar with this figure:

But, the Optimal choice is not always tangentto the budget line.

                    

Suppose that the utility function is of theCobb-Douglas form, u(x1,x2)=(x1^c)*(x2^d), the prices for each item are p1, p2

We have the conclusion that:

I think it can be very convenient in theexam to solve some problem.   : )

（另：5.6Choosing Taxes部分内容因为时间问题没有看完……为了期末考试和回家，我要消失三天。。。回家之后立即补上！）

deltadark 发表于 2012-1-10 19:31
关于增加的税收能否转嫁给租房者的问题，我还是不太明白答案的说法，是否转嫁给租房者，转嫁多少不是应 ...

我的理解是，作者的要表达的是：是否涨价并不是看成本，而是看需求。关键是这句：“if they could raise the price and keep their apartments occupied, they would have already done so.”
增加税收相当于成本上升（加了某个常数，或者说固定成本上升），而这个改变并不会使得生产商“计算利润最大化”得到的结果和以前有什么不一样（这个我是想到了生产论后面的了），所以供给曲线没有移动，均衡不变。
至于弹性……你的观点的确是对的，但是弹性决定的是“转嫁多少”，而不是"是否转嫁"。上面的分析结果是“生产者不会转嫁”

不知道我分析的对不对o(∩_∩)o
欢迎讨论！！！

这个是我们专业教材呢

楼主真是有心人~~~哈哈

      Today is Wednesday. I carry on learning the chapter 3. It mainly clarifies the economic concept of “best things”. There are three axioms about consumer preference which are completeness, reflexivity and Transitivity. The economists take the hypothesis that a consumer can rank various consumption possibilities.
      Then, it describes the indifference curves. The well-behaved preferences are monotonic and convex.

   今天就是熬夜，我也要把我的学习笔记写上来。这是对我自己的一个承诺---我要寒假之前看完，Hal  R. Varian 的Intermediate  Microeconomics ：A modern approach .  今天太晚了，所以就先发个中文的笔记，明天再写英文的笔记。
    chapter 1  太简单了，之前有读过翻译版的。不过第一章对于全面了解中级微观还是有一定作用的。范里安举了一个房地产市场的例子，展开对中级微观的论述。
    我今天主要读的是chapter 2 ，读到第58页。
   
   CHAPTER 2   .  Budget constraint
    economists assume  that consumers choose the best bundle of goods they can a?0?2ord.  这是经济学的基本假定，也是消费理论的基本假定，具有一定的现实基础和合理性。

  2.1 The Budget Constraint

  First , our author  begin by examming the concept of the budget constraint. 然后引出公式  ,    p1x1 + p2x2 ≤ m
   The budget constraint of the consumer requires that the amount of money spent on the two goods be no more than the total amount the consumer has to spend.




  2.2 Two Goods Are Often Enough

  it is convenient to think of good 2  as being the dollars that the consumer can use to spend on other goods.
   后面会继续提示我们把商品2理解为消费者花费在其他商品上的美元数，这一点比较重要。

Under this interpretation the price of good 2 will automatically be 1, 需要好好理解货币的价格就是1

p1x1 + x2 ≤ m. 重要公式


2.3 Properties of the Budget Set

The budget line   p1x1 + p2x2 = m.

This is the formula for a straight line with a vertical intercept of m/p2
and a slope of ?6?1p1/p2.   记住这一点，后面分析曲线移动的时候会用到

Thus the horizontal and vertical
intercepts measure how much the consumer could get if she spent all of her
money on goods 1 and 2, respectively.

p1x1 + p2x2 = m   关于预算约束的斜率的推导

p1(x1 +Δx1)+ p2(x2 +Δx2)= m.
Subtracting the ?0?3rst equation from the second gives
p1Δx1 + p2Δx2 =0.
This says that the total value of the change in her consumption must be
zero. Solving for Δx2/Δx1, the rate at which good 2 can be substituted
for good 1 while still satisfying the budget constraint, gives
.Δx2/Δx1= ?6?1p1/p2

2.4 How the Budget Line Changes

?0?3rst consider changes in income 收入改变对预算约束的图形推导

What about changes in prices? Let us ?0?3rst consider increasing price 价格改变对预算约束
while holding price 2 and income ?0?3xed.  在Nicholson的中级微观里，这叫做 Ceteris paribus assumption ，我把他翻译成，控制单一变量

If you are spending all of
your money on good 2, then increasing the price of good 1 doesn’t change
the maximum amount of good 2 you could buy—thus the vertical inter-
cept of the budget line doesn’t change. But if you are spending all of
your money on good 1, and good 1 becomes more expensive, then your consumption of good 1 must decrease.  价格影响预算约束的解释


2.5 The Numeraire

  We could peg one of the prices, or the income, to
some ?0?3xed value, and adjust the other variables so as to describe exactly
the same budget set.  控制单一变量

the numeraire price.  对照 价格



2.6 Taxes, Subsidies, and Rationing

EXAMPLE: The Food Stamp Program

第一次看翻译版的时候，看这个不是很懂。现在看第二遍，感觉畅通了很多。
因为英文水平有限，琢磨很久也没有头绪，所以，重新看的是翻译版的。惭愧。







2.7 Budget Line Changes
这一小节没有值得记的，所以忽略。

从明天写CHAPTER 3的时候，再补上我的 summary

今天的笔记终于写完了，万事开头难，不过总算有了个好的开头了。大家一定看的挺后面了把，我要追赶上才行啊。晚安。明天继续。

支持楼主，我也打算继续看了。。。加油！

amyclover 发表于 2012-1-7 10:15
我发现帖子的主题不能再次编辑，一编辑就会被隐藏然后审核
那就把第一楼作为公告栏吧o(∩_∩)o 今天的在69 ...

I want to join you ,is it too late?if i can,please tell me .

sun7822059 发表于 2012-1-12 20:51
I want to join you ,is it too late?if i can,please tell me .

Of course you can !  Anytime~!
我明天坐火车回家，现在才看到第五章，欢迎加入~！一起加油吧~~