informat and format

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informat\format这两个语句到底有什么区别呢?望指教.

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关键词：informat informa format inform FORMA format

data ex1;

input x y z $ age date;

datalines;

1 2 hello 13 10/21/1946

4 5 ARRIVEDERCI 56 11/12/1997

-9999 . goodbye 69 11/12/2007

;

run;

proc print data=ex1; run;

***没有informat: sas 不懂10/21/1946是一个日期值, 所以date variable全是missing***;

data ex2;

input x y z $ age date;

informat date mmddyy10.;

datalines;

1 2 hello 13 10/21/1946

4 5 ARRIVEDERCI 56 11/12/1997

-9999 . goodbye 69 11/12/2007

;

run;

proc print data=ex2; run;

***使用informat后, DATE has values, but these values are numbers, 看起来难看;

data ex3;

input x y z $ age date;

informat date mmddyy10.;

format date yymmdd10.;

datalines;

1 2 hello 13 10/21/1946

4 5 ARRIVEDERCI 56 11/12/1997

-9999 . goodbye 69 11/12/2007

;

run;

proc print data=ex3; run;

***INFORMAT can also help you modify the length of charaters and change -9999, -999 as missing values.

***FORMAT can help you print the age not like 13, 56, 69 but 'Young', 'Old', 'Old'; Please see my next post.

Format is about how SAS DISPLAYS data, while informat is about how SAS STORES data.

非常感谢,祝好.

***IF YOU WANT SAS TO READ AND STORE A NONSTANDARD VARIABLE (FOR EXAMPLE: -9999 WAS A NEGITIVE NUMBER IN RAW DATA, BUT YOU WANT TO STORE IT AS A MISSING VALUE!) YOU CAN TELL AS HOW TO READ THESE OBSERVATIONS IN YOUR WAY. PLEASE USE PROC FORMAT BEFORE YOU READ YOUR DATA***;

proc format;

invalue newfmt -9999, -999 =. OTHER = (|1.|);

value agefmt low-<40='Young' 40-high='Old';

run;

data ex4;

informat x newfmt. y 2. z $15. date mmddyy10.;

format date yymmdd10. age agefmt.;

input x y z age date;

datalines;

1 2 hello 13 10/21/1946

4 55 ARRIVEDERCI 56 11/12/1997

-9999 . goodbye 69 11/12/2007

;

run;

PROC PRINT DATA=EX4;

RUN;

[此贴子已经被作者于2007-3-27 6:02:15编辑过]

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