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此片文章发表在2017年Energy Economics上。作者采用动态面板模型分析了过去十年石油和天然气的大量开采和生产对美国的就业率的影响。 作者发现由于州与州之间的人口流动，导致能源产业的投资对国家层面的就业状况的影响十分有限。
要点
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We study job creation at the state-month level from upstream oil and gas investment.
•We estimate that 1 additional rig-count creates 315 jobs in the long-run.
•Most employment increases occur within three years.
•After 2008, the rig-count job-creation multiplier appears to increase.
简介
We use dynamic panel methods at the state level to understand how the increase in exploration and production of oil and natural gas since the mid-2000s has impacted employment. We find robust statistical support for the hypothesis that changes in drilling do, in fact, have an economically meaningful and positive impact on employment. The strongest impact is contemporaneous, though months later in the year also experience statistically and economically meaningful growth. Once dynamic effects are accounted for, we estimate that an additional rig count results in the creation of 31 jobs immediately and 315 jobs in the long run. Robustness checks suggest that these multipliers could be even bigger. Our results imply that the national impact of upstream investment remains small, perhaps due to the sector's small size and inter-state migration.
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