ÍâÎÄ·ÒëÁãµçѹ¡ªÁãµçÁ÷Ë«ÏòÒÆÏòÖ±Á÷¡ªÖ±Á÷±ä»»Æ÷´øÀ©Õ¹¸ºÔØ·¶Î§_×Ô¶¯»¯×¨Òµ±ÏÒµÂÛÎÄ
·¢²¼Ê±¼ä£º
2014-12-09
À´Ô´£º
ÈË´ó¾¼ÃÂÛ̳
ÍâÎÄ·ÒëÁãµçѹ¡ªÁãµçÁ÷Ë«ÏòÒÆÏòÖ±Á÷¡ªÖ±Á÷±ä»»Æ÷´øÀ©Õ¹¸ºÔØ·¶Î§_×Ô¶¯»¯×¨Òµ±ÏÒµÂÛÎÄ
¸½Â¼ ÍâÎÄ·Òë
Áãµçѹ¡ªÁãµçÁ÷Ë«ÏòÒÆÏòÖ±Á÷¡ªÖ±Á÷±ä»»Æ÷´øÀ©Õ¹¸ºÔØ·¶Î§
ÕªÒª£º±¾ÎÄÃèÊöÁË»ùÓÚÊܸºÔØ·¶Î§ºÍÊä³öµçѹµÄ·ÇÏßÐÔ¿ØÖÆÏÞÖƵĴ«Í³µÄË«ÏòÒÆÏàÖ±Á÷¡ªÖ±Á÷±ä»»Æ÷¡£±¾¸ÅÄîµÄ·¢Õ¹Í¨¹ýÌṩÁãµçÁ÷¿ª¹Ø£¨ZCS£©ºÍÁãµçѹ¿ª¹Ø£¨ZVS£©ÓÃÓÚÀ©´ó±ä»»Æ÷µÄ¸ºÔØ·¶Î§¡£ÁíÍ⣬ÔÚ´ó¸ºÔØ·¶Î§Ï¶Ա任Æ÷Êä³öµçѹÌØÐԵĿØÖƱ»¸ÄÉƵĸüΪÏßÐÔ¡£
˵Ã÷
¼ÈÈ»ZVS¼¼ÊõÄܹ»Ê¹¿ª¹ØģʽµÄµçÄܹ©Ó¦µÄ¿ª¹ØËðºÄ¼õÉÙµÄ×îС£¬ºÜ¶à±äƵÆ÷£¬ÀýÈçÒÆÏà¿ØÖƵÄDC¡ªDC±ä»»Æ÷[1-4]£¬ÌṩZVSÔÚËûÃǵĻ¿ª¹ØΪÁËÌá¸ß±ä»»Æ÷µÄÈ«Ãæ±íÏÖ¡£È»¶ø£¬ÓÐÒ»¸öÓ¦ÓÃZVS¼¼ÊõµÄÔ¼Êø£¬ÄǾÍÊÇ×îС¸ºÔصçÁ÷ÈÔÄܹ»Î¬³ÖZVS±ä»»£¬Õâ¸ö×îСµçÁ÷¾ÍÊDZäƵÆ÷×îÕ¸ºÔØʱµÄµçÁ÷¡£È»¶øË«ÏòÒÆÏà±ä»»Æ÷[3£¬4]ÓÐËû¹ÌÓеÄÈõµã£¬ÄǾÍÊÇÒÆÏàÌØÐÔÊÜ×îС¸ºÔصçÁ÷ºÍ·ÇÏßÐÔÊä³öµçѹµÄÏÞÖÆ¡£ÕâÀïͨ¹ýͼ1ËùʾµÄ·½·¨ÖØÐÂÉè¼Æ£¬ÄǾÍÊÇÔÚÄæ±äÇÅ×óÇűÛÓÃZCS£¬ÔÚÄæ±äÇÅÓÒÇűÛÓÐZVS£¬ÕâÑù¾Íʹ±ä»»Æ÷µÄ¸ºÔØ·¶Î§À©´óµ½ÇáÔØ¡£Õâ¸öµç·ºÍÔÏȵı任µç·ÊÇÒ»ÑùµÄ£¬µ«¿ØÖÆ·½·¨²»Í¬¡£¸Ä½øµÄ±ä»»Æ÷²»½öͨ¹ýͬ²½ÕûÁ÷±£³ÖË«ÏòµÄÄÜÁ¿Á÷ͨÄÜÁ¦£¬¶øÇÒ¶ÔÊä³öµçѹµÄ¿ØÖÆÌṩÁËÒ»¸öÏßÐÔµÄÏàÒÆ¡£
ÒÆÏà±ä»»Æ÷µÄ¸Ä½ø×î½üÔںܶà³ö°æÎïÉÏÌáÒ飬Õâ°üÀ¨ÔÚÔ±ßÔö¼Ó´®Áª¶þ¼«¹ÜºÍ´®ÁªµçÈÝ[7]ºÍÔö¼Ó¸½¼Ó¾§Ìå¹ÜÀ´Íê³ÉÁãµçѹ¿ª¹ØÉõÖÁÔÚ´óµÄ¸ºÔر仯[8]¡£²¢ÁªÐ³ÕñÒÆÏà±äƵÆ÷Ò²±»ÌáÒéÓÃÁãµçÁ÷¿ª¹Ø¹¤×÷[9]¡£ÔÚͼ1ËùʾµÄ±»¸Ä½øµÄ±äƵÆ÷µÄÍØÆËÊÇÓÉÒ»¸öÄæ±äÇÅ£¨-£©ºÍÒ»¸öÕûÁ÷ÇÅ£¨-£©£¬ËûÃÇÖ®¼äÁ¬ÓÐÒ»¸ö¸ßƵ±äѹÆ÷¡£µçÈÝ£¬ -£¬´ú±í¹¦ÂÊÆ÷¼þµÄ¼ÄÉúµçÈݺ͸½¼ÓгSÕñµçÈÝ¡£ÊDZäѹÆ÷µÄ©µç¸Ð¡£ ºÍÊÇÊäÈëºÍÊä³öµçÈÝ£¬ÊǸºÔصç×è¡£
µç·ÔËÐзÖÎö
Õâ¸ö¸Ä½øµÄ±äƵÆ÷Óв»Í¬µÄ¿ØÖƽ׶Σ¬Èçͼ2Ëùʾ£¬ÊÇÀíÏëµÄµçѹ£¬µç
Á÷ºÍÃż«ÐźŲ¨ÐΡ£1-4ºÍ1-4·Ö±ðÊÇÌṩ¸øºÍµÄÇý¶¯Ðźţ¬¶øÇÒ¡ªµÄ¿ª¹Ø·½Ê½Ò²ÔÚͼÖбê¼Ç³ö¡£
±äƵÆ÷ÔÚÇáÔØÇé¿öϵĵç··ÖÎö¡£¼ÈÈ»ÔÚÕý°ëÖÜÆں͸º°ëÖÜÆÚ³ýÁ˵çѹºÍµçÁ÷Ðźŷ´ÏòÖ®ÍⶼºÜÏàËÆ£¬ÕâÀïÎÒÃÇÖ»·ÖÎöµç·µÄÕý°ëÖÜÆÚ¡£µç·µÄÔËÐб»»®·Ö³ÉÁù¸öÄ£ÐÍÕýÈçͼ3a-fËùʾ¡£
ģʽ1£º£¨ £©
Äæ±äÇÅËùÓеĿª¹Ø¶¼¹Ø¶Ï£¬³ýÁËÊÇ¿ª×ŵģ¬²¢ÇÒ±äѹÆ÷µÄԱߵçÁ÷
i£¨t£©ÊÇÁã¡£ÄÇôÊÇÔÚÁãµçÁ÷Ϲضϵġ£Õâ¸öģʽµÄÔËÐÐʱ¼ä½ö½öÊÇ×èÖ¹ºÍµÄֱͨÎÊÌâ¡£
ģʽ2 £º ×ó±ÛÁãµçÁ÷±ä»»£¨ t £©
ԱߵçÁ÷ÈÔÈ»±£³ÖΪÁ㣬Äܹ»ÔÚÁãµçÁ÷Ï¿ªÍ¨¡£Í¬Ê±£¬ºÍ
ÔÚÁãµçÁ÷Ï¿ªÍ¨¡£ÊäÈëµçѹ±»¼Óµ½±äѹÆ÷Աߣ¬¸±±ßÓɵçÈÝά³ÖÔÚÊä³öµçѹ¡£Õâ¸öģʽ½Ð×ö×ó±ÛÁãµçÁ÷±ä»»¡£
2.3 ģʽ3 £ºÄÜÁ¿×ª»»½×¶Î£¨ £©
£¬£¬ºÍ±£³Ö¿ªÍ¨£¬Ô±ßµçÁ÷ÓÉ£¨t£©ÃèÊö¡£ÏêϸµÄ¼ÆË㽫ÔÚÏÂÒ»½×¶Î¸ø³ö¡£
ģʽ4 £ºÓÒÇűÛÁãµçѹ±ä»» £¨ £©
±£³Ö¿ªÍ¨£¬µ«±»¹Ø¶Ï ¡£´æ´¢ÔÚµç¸ÐÖеÄÄÜÁ¿¶Ô³äµç£¬
·Åµç¡£Ò»µ©µÄµçѹ½µµ½Á㣬½«µ¼Í¬¡£Ëæºó£¬½«ÔÚÁãµçѹÏ¿ªÍ¨¡£ºÍÔÚÕâ¸öģʽÏÂÊǹضϵġ£Õâ¸öģʽ½Ð×öÓÒÇűÛÁãµçѹ±ä»»¡£
ģʽ 5 £º×ÔÓɱ任½×¶Î £¨ £©
ºÍÈÔÈ»¿ªÍ¨£¬²¢ÇÒ±äѹÆ÷µÄԱߵçѹÊÇÁ㡣Ȼ¶ø£¬´æ´¢ÔÚµç¸Ð
ÖеÄÄÜÁ¿Í¨¹ýºÍµÄ¶þ¼«¹ÜתÒƵ½ÕûÁ÷ÇÅ£¬È»ºóÊÍ·Å£¨Ï½׶Σ©£¬¸±±ß±£³ÖÔÚÊä³öµçѹ¡£Õâ¸öģʽ½Ð×ö×ÔÓɱ任½×¶Î¡£
ģʽ 6£º £¨ £©
ºÍ±£³Ö¿ªÍ¨£¬µ«±äѹÆ÷ԱߵçÁ÷ÊÇÁ㣬²¢ÇÒºÍÉíÉϵĶþ¼«¹Ü·´ÏòÆ«Öá£Òò´ËºÍµÄÍøÂçºÍÕûÁ÷ÇÅÊǸôÀëµÄ¡£ÒªÊdzä·ÖµÄ´ó£¬Êä³öµçѹÄܹ»½Ó½üÒ»¸ö¶¨Öµ¡£
Õâ¸ö±»¸Ä½øµÄµç·µÄ¿ØÖÆ·½·¨ºÍÒÔÇ°µÄÏà±È½ö½öÊǶԣµÄÃÅÇý¶¯ÐźŲ»Í¬¡£ÔÚÏÖÔÚµÄÉè¼ÆÖУ¬Ëæ×ÅQ½Óͨ£¬MºÍMÁ¢¼´¿ªÍ¨£¬µ«µ±Q¹Ø¶ÏʱMºÍM±»Á¢¼´¿ªÂ·¡£Q½ÓͨʱMºÍM±»Á¢¼´´¥·¢£¬Q¿ªÂ·Ê±MºÍM±»Á¢¼´¿ªÂ·¡£ÔÚÒÔÇ°µÄµç·ÖУ¬MºÍMµÄ´¥·¢·½Ê½Í¬QµÄÊÇÏàͬµÄ£¬MºÍMµÄ´¥·¢·½Ê½ºÍQµÄÊÇÏàͬµÄ¡£M£MÔÚÇý¶¯ÉϵĸıäÆÈʹ¸±±ß²»µ¼Í¨µ±±äѹÆ÷ԱߵçÁ÷·´ÏòΪ¸ºÊ±²¢ÇÒÍ£ÔÚÁãÖµ£¬ÀýÈçÔÚtʱ¿Ì£¬Èçͼ2Ëùʾ¡£Òò´Ë£¬QºÍQÔÚÈçͼ2 tʱ¿ÌµÄ´¥·¢ÐźÅϽ«ÊÇÁãµçÁ÷¿ªÍ¨¡£È»¶ø£¬ÔÚÒÔÇ°µÄµç·ÖУ¬M£MÔÚ±äѹÆ÷ԱߵçÁ÷Ϊ¸ºÊ±µ¼Í¨£¬QºÍQ²¢²»ÊÇÔÚÁãµçѹÏ¿ªÍ¨¡£
3 µç·µÄÊýѧ·ÖÎö
Õⲿ·Ö½«´¦ÀíÖ±Á÷ÌØÐԵļÆË㣬±ä»»Æ÷µÄÁãµçÁ÷ÁãµçѹµÄ¸ºÔØ·¶Î§¡£ÀûÓüÆËã½á¹û£¬ÎÒÃÇÄܹ»½¨Á¢À©Õ¹¸ºÔØ·¶Î§ºÍ±ä»»Æ÷µÄÊä³öµçѹ¿ØÖÆÇøÓò¡£ÏÂÃæΪÊýѧ·ÖÎö¶¨Òå²ÎÊý£º
D ÏàλÒƶ¯
K ×ÔÓÉת»»½×¶ÎµÄʱ¼ä±ÈÂÊ
±äѹÆ÷µÄÔúÊý±È n =
¿ª¹ØƵÂÊ f =
¿ª¹Ø½ÇƵÂÊ =2f
Êä³öгÕñƵÂÊ =
ÌØÐÔ×迹 Z= n
ÕÛË㸺ÔØ×迹 Z=
ΪÁËʹ¼ÆËã¼ò±ãÎÒÃÇ×öһЩ¼ÙÉ裺£¨a£© Êä³öµçÈÝC×ã¹»´óÄܹ»Î¬³ÖÊä³öµçѹV½Ó½üÒ»³£Öµ¡££¨b£© ËùÓеĵç¸ÐµÄÄÚ²¿µç×èºÍµçÈݳɷÖÊǺöÂÔ²»¼ÆµÄ£¬»¹ÓУ¨c£©Ã»Óй¦ÂÊËðʧ¡£
3.1 Ö§Á÷ÌØÐÔ
±ä»»Æ÷Êä³öµçѹµÄÒý³öÊÇ»ùÓÚÊäÈëµÄÄÜÁ¿ºÍÊä³öµÄÄÜÁ¿ÏàµÈµÄ¼ÙÉè¡£½ö½öÔÚÄÜÁ¿×ª»»½×¶ÎÏòת»»Æ÷ÊäÈëÄÜÁ¿£¬Õâ¶ÎÆÚ¼äÓÃÓÚ¼ÆËãÊäÈëµÄÄÜÁ¿£¬µçѹת»»ÂÊÊÇÍêÈ«µÄ¡£
ÄÜÁ¿×ª»»½×¶Î £ºtt t £¨ÀýÈç D=t£t£©
ÔÚÕâ½×¶Î£¬ÄÜÁ¿´Óµç³ØתÒƵ½¸ºÔØ£¬×Ž׶εĵÈЧµç·ÓÉͼ4¸ø³ö¡£
i£¨t£©=ÔÚÄÜÁ¿×ªÒƽ׶αäѹÆ÷µÄԱߵçÁ÷¡£
i£¨t£©=ÔÚ¹ßÐԽ׶αäѹÆ÷µÄԱߵçÁ÷¡£
= ±äѹÆ÷Ô±ßÕÛË㵽ԱߵĵçÁ÷¡£
= Êä³öµçÈݵÄÕÛË㵽ԱߵĵçÁ÷¡£
¡Á=±ä»»Æ÷Êä³öµçѹÕÛË㵽ԱߵÄÖµ¡£
=¸ºÔصç×èÕÛËãµ½±äѹÆ÷ԱߵÄÖµ¡£
=Êä³öÂ˲¨µçÈÝÕÛË㵽ԱߵÄÖµ¡£
µç··½³ÌÈçÏÂ
= ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨1£©
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ £¨2£©
£» ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ £¨3£©
] £¨4£©
ÁªÁ¢£¨1£©¡ª£¨4£©£¬Ô±ßµçÁ÷ÊÇ
- £¨5£©
Òò´Ë£¬Äܹ»Í¨¹ý£¨5£©Ê½µÄÀÆÕÀ˹±ä»»µÃµ½
+£¨£© £¨6£©
´Ë´¦
¼ÙÉ裺
4£¬
2
2
ÄÇô£¬£¨6£©¿ÉÒÔ¼ò»¯ÎªÏÂʽ
ÔÚÕâÖÖÇé¿öÏÂ