[求助]extensive margin一词的解释和翻译

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各位 谁接触过这个term： extensive margin
我看到劳动经济与公共政策研究中心有一篇paper提到：劳动力在集约边际（intensive margin）上对工作与闲暇多少的选择；而本文则重点分析了女性劳动供给在粗放边际（extensive margin）
另一篇文献《Margins of Multinational Labor Substitution by Marc Muendler from UCSD》中提到：Margins 指的是intensive margin和extensive margin，在labor econ中, 前者指工作多长时间, 后者指是否工作.

但是在另一篇文献《Do Tariffs Matter for the Extensive Margin of International Trade? by Peter Debaere from UT Austin》这个标题中出现的extensive margin of trade
我想请问下：extensive margin of trade中做何解释，多谢了

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关键词：extensive margin SIV Mar ext 翻译 解释 extensive margin

可以理解为贸易的广度和深度,或者贸易的广义边界和集约边界,广义边界一般指新市场志的开辟和新产品的出口,集约边界一般指在同一市场原有贸易的增加.你可参考一下FEERSTERN 指数,具体计算公式有好几种,是当前贸易研究的热点.

There are many possible ways to
define the extensive margin (counting categories
exported, counting categories over a certain
size, weighting categories in various ways). We
measure the extensive margin in a manner consistent
with consumer price theory by adapting
the methodology in Robert C. Feenstra (1994),
which appropriately weights categories of
goods by their overall importance in exports to
a given country. The quality margin is not directly
observable but can be inferred by examining
projections of price and quantity on GDP
and its components. That is, if large exporters
systematically sell high quantities at high
prices, this is consistent with these exporters
producing higher-quality goods. We also show
alternatively how to interpret the projections of
price and quantity in terms of unmeasured,
within-category variety.