发布时间：2014-10-27 来源：人大经济论坛

了解手术室护士身心健康现状及其影响因素 摘 要 目的：由于手术室工作量大,任务重,随机性强,对护士的要求高。因此，手术室护士承担着较大的工作负担和心理压力，长期处于身心疲惫的“亚健康”状态,影响其自身的生活质量和医疗服务质量。所以分析影响手术室护士身心健康的因素，并制定相应的对策有极大的现实意义。 方法：调查了本地3所医院共70名护士。手术室护士发卷35份，回收32份，有效问卷32份，占91.4%。其他科室护士发卷35份，回收33份，有效问卷33份，占94.3%。采用临床症状自评量表(SCL-90)[1]含90个项目，分“0~4”5级评分。包括躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、忧郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性及其他10大类[1]，每1类反映答卷者某一方面的情况。 结果： 手术室护士与其他科室护士在总分、躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、忧郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖方面的比较均采用t检验，2组间差异均有非常显著性(P<0.01)。2组护士均有涉及身体主要器官的多种疾病,主要表现为下肢静脉曲张、神经衰弱、经前期紧张综合症。2组间比较用X2检验，手术室护士与其他科室护士相比，差异有显著性(P<0.05)。 结论：应重视手术室护士身心健康的维护，加强防护提高手术室护士的生活质量和工作质量。 关 键 词： 手术室；身心健康；躯体化症状；SCL-90 论文类型：调查研究 Abstract Objective Due to the operating room workload is big， strong randomicity， task，to the high requirements. Therefore，the operating room nurse to undertake the bigger burden and psychological pressure，in the long run，the exhaustion of body and mind "and health" condition， influence the quality of life of its own and medical service quality. So of analysis on the physical and mental health of the operating room nurses，and make corresponding factors of is of great realistic significance countermeasures. Methods The local 3 hospital survey of 70 nurses. The operating room nurse hair roll of 35, recycling of 32, effective questionnaire and a, accounted for 91.4%. Other departments nurse hair roll a recovery of 33, 35, the effective questionnaire was 33 a, accounted for 94.3%. The clinical symptoms since the rating scale (SCL-90) [1] of 90 projects, points "0 ~ 4" grade 5 rating. Including the body, forced symptoms, sensitive interpersonal relationship, depression, anxiety, hostile, terror, paranoid, psychoticism and other 10 categories [1], each class 1 reflect a hand. Results The operating room nurse and other departments in the total score, the nurse body, forced symptoms, sensitive interpersonal relationship, depression, anxiety, hostility and terrorist compare all use t-test, differences between the two groups are very significant (P < 0.01). The 2 groups were involved in the main body nurse DuoZhong organs of the disease, mainly for the varix, neurasthenia, premenstrual tension syndrome. The 2 groups compared with X 2 inspection and operating rooms, the nurse and other departments, compared to the nurse greup (P < 0.05). Conclusion Should attach importance to the operating room nurse health of body and mind, strengthen the maintenance of protective improve operating room nurse quality of life and the quality of the work. Key words: Operation; The physical and mental health; The body symptoms; SCL-90 Paper type: study 目 录 绪论 ………………………………………………………………………………… 7 背景和意义………………………………………………………………… 8 1．2研究目的及目标…………………………………………………………… 8 1．3关键词及定义 …………………………………………………………… 8 1.3.1手术室………………………………………………………………… 8 1.3.2身心健康……………………………………………………………… 8 1.3.3躯体化症状…………………………………………………………… 9 1.3.4 SCL-90………………………………………………………………… 9 1．4文献回顾…………………………………………………………………… 9 1.4.1手术室护士职业压力源……………………………………………… 9 1.4.2手术室护士职业压力源的产生原因………………………………… 10 1.4.3职业压力源对手术室护士的影响…………………………………… 11 1.4.4过高的压力对团体的影响…………………………………………… 11 2 研究方法 ………………………………………………………………………… 14 2.1 研究设计…………………………………………………………………… 14 2.2研究对象…………………………………………………………………… 14 2．2．1纳入标准……………………………………………………… … 14 2．2．2排除标准……………………………………………………… … 15 2.3研究工具/方法……………………………………………………………… 15 2.4研究步骤………………………………………………………………………16 2.5统计学分析方法………………………………………………………………16 3 研究结果 ……………………………………………………………………… 16 3.1一般资料………………………………………………………………………16 3.2影响手术室护士身心健康因素………………………………………………16 3.3临床症状自评量表总分、因子统计…………………………………………17 3.4 2组护士所患疾病情况………………………………………………………17 4 讨论 ……………………………………………………………………………… 17 4.1影响因素………………………………………………………………………17 4.1.1心理因素 ………………………………………………………………17 4.1.2工作性质因素 …………………………………………………………17 4.1.3接触性危害因素 ………………………………………………………18 4.1.4环境因素……………………………………………………………… 18 4.2防范措施………………………………………………………………………19 5 推论及建议…………………………………………………………… ……… 20 5.1推论 …………………………………………………………………… ……20 5.2建议……………………………………………………………………………20 参考文献 ………………………………………………………………………… 21 问卷………………………………………………………………………………… …22