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  • N-苄基壳聚糖衍生物的制备及其应用研究

    目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目 录III 1 绪论1 1.1 壳聚糖简介1 1.2 壳聚糖及衍生物的应用1 1.4 壳聚糖及其衍生物改性方法及性能3 1.5 壳聚糖的N-苄基化反应(席夫碱反应)4 1.6 N-苄基壳聚糖衍生物表征4 1.7 N-苄基壳聚糖衍生物的生物活性5 1.8 实验思路6 2 实验部分8 2.1 材料试剂与设备8 2.2 实验步骤8 2.3 结果与讨论12 2.4 结论与展望17 致 谢19 参考文献20 摘 要:本文以苯甲醛和壳聚糖为原料通过席夫碱反应并还原合成N-苄基壳聚糖衍生物,用傅立叶变红外光谱对N-苄基壳聚糖进行了红外表征。通过糠醛比色法测定衍生物的吸光度,发现N-苄基壳聚糖衍生物的胆酸结合能力比未经化学修饰的壳聚糖要高。利用Feton试剂产生羟基自由基,采用水杨酸显色法测定N-苄基壳聚糖衍生物的羟基自由基OH·清除能力,结果显示其有一定的清除能力。利用邻苯三酚自氧化法测定N-苄基壳聚糖衍生物对超氧自由基O2-·的清除能力,结果显示也具有一定清除能力,同时探讨了N-苄基壳聚糖衍生物的溶解性及浓度对清除能力的影响。N-苄基取代改性使浸湿效果和溶解性有了一定的改善,使清除自由基能力提高。但减少了NH2,会使清除自由基能力下降,因此N-苄基壳聚糖衍生物清除自由基能力不高。 关键词:壳聚糖;N-苄基壳聚糖衍生物;胆酸结合能力;自由基清除能力 Study on the Preparation and Application of N-benzyl Chitosan Derivatives  Abstract: This paper introduce the synthesis of N-benzyl derivative through benzaldehyde and chitosan Schiff reaction and was characterized by IR. Determination of furfural derivatives by absorbance, we found N-benzyl derivatives of bile acid binding capacity of chitosan was higher than chitosan. Though using Feton reagent of hydroxyl radical and the color determination of salicylic acid, we tested N-benzyl chitosan derivatives of the hydroxyl radical OH-scavenging ability, the results show that it is have scavenging ability. Use of pyrogallol autoxidation method, we tested N-benzyl chitosan derivatives on O2-superoxide free radical scavenging, the results show also has scavenging, and we discussed the N-benzyl chitosan derivatives solubility and concentration on the scavenging effect. The preparation of N-benzyl modified improved solubility , thus enhancing the free radical scavenging. However, a decrease of NH2, the free radical scavenging ability of thus N-benzyl chitosan derivatives was lower. Key words: Chitosan; N-benzyl chitosan derivatives; Bile acid binding capacity; Free radical scavenging capacity

  • 洋甘菊浸膏分子蒸馏分离工艺研究

    目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目 录III 1 概述1 1.1 植物精油研究概述1 1.2 植物精油的提取方法2 1.3 洋甘菊的研究概况5 1.4 研究内容概述8 2 实验部分9 2.1 实验材料与试剂9 2.2 实验方法9 2.3 结果与讨论12 2.4 洋甘菊精油的气相色谱分析13 3 结果与讨论17 3.1 分子蒸馏工艺条件单因素试验17 3. 2 结论20 4总结与展望21 4.1 总结21 4.2 展望21 参考文献23 摘 要:洋甘菊是古老的芳香植物之一,因具有抗炎、解痉、消毒作用而被广泛应用。本论文以新疆产洋甘菊为原料,通过超临界二氧化碳萃取获得浸膏,再采用分子蒸馏对洋甘菊浸膏进行分离获得精油。考察了进料温度、蒸发温度和刮膜转速等因素对洋甘菊精油分离效果的影响。通过试验 ,初步得到工艺参数为:进料温度为90℃,蒸发温度为150℃,操作压力1~3Pa,刮膜器转300r /min,分离过程总收率大于23%,并通过气相色谱进行分析并和标准品对照。 关键词:洋甘菊;浸膏;分子蒸馏;分离 The Research on Extraction of Chamomile Essential Oil by Molecular Distillation Abstract: As its anti-inflammatory,antispasmodic,disinfectant and choleretic effect, chamomile has been widely used. In the research, the materials of chamomile was planted inxinjiang,Obtained extract by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction, then Purificati on of Chamomile oil bymolecular distillati on was studied experi mentally . The effects of operating parameters such as feeding rate, feeding temperature, the s peed of thinfil mevaporat or and evaporation temperature on separati on efficiency of Chamomile oil had been discussed in this article. Suitable operatingparameters obtained from the experi mentwere: feeding temperature is 90℃distillati on temperature is 150℃, therate of thinfil mevaporat or is 300 r /min and operating pressure is 3Pa . Through the menti onedmethod, the total recovery ofmore than 23%,and analyzed by gas chromatography and comparie with standard, Keywords:Chamomile; Chamomile essential oil; Extraction; molecular distillation; extraction; separation

  • 高钛渣中各组份含量的测定_化工专业论文范文

    化工专业论文范文 目 录 摘要...1 目录 2 前言...3 1测定意义...4 2高钛渣中二氧化钛的测定《硫酸高铁铵滴定法》.5 2.1方法原理.5 2.2试剂 5 2.3分析步骤.6 2.4结果计算与数据处理 6 2.5讨论及分析结果允许误差 6 3高钛渣中三氧化二铝的测定《EDTA法》.8 3.1.方法原理.8 3.2试剂. 8 3.3分析步骤.8 34结果计算、数据处理与讨论.8 4高钛渣中五氧化二钒的测定《分光光度比色法》10 4.1#方法原理10 4.2试剂.10 4.3分析步骤.10 4.4结果计算、数据处理与讨论.10 5高钛渣中氧化锰的测定《亚砷酸钠·亚硝酸钠法》.12 5.1方法原理 12 5.2试剂.12 5.3分析步骤 12 5.4结果计算与数据处理 13 5.5讨论及分析结果允许误差 13 6高钛渣中氯化钙、氧化镁的测定《EDTA法》14 6.1方法原理 14 6.2试剂 14 6.3分析步骤 14 6.4结果计算、数据处理与讨论.15 结论. 16 结束语 18 参考文献.19 致谢词20 摘要 近年来我国钛白粉和海绵钛行业发展迅速,由于高钛渣钛含量高,“三废”产生(处理)量少,资源和能源的利用率高,且能有助产品品质提高,我国高钛渣的需求量迅速增长。近年来,钛白粉生产企业已认识到高钛渣的优势,逐步转向以高钛渣生产钛白粉。本实验通过对测定高钛渣中各组份的含量,用以测定由高钛渣为主要原料生产四氯化钛的精密度。在今后相当长一段时间内,以高钛渣为原料的钛白粉、金属海绵钛产品仍属国家产业结构调整中鼓励发展的重点项目。高钛渣作为短缺的初级矿产品,市场前景十分广阔。国内一些比较有实力的企业已开始自主研发高品质的高钛渣,一些领头企业投入巨大的资本引进国外生产高钛渣的先进技术和大型设备。加大研发力度,利用其技术优势生产高品质、高产量的产品与同行竞争、抢占市场,将成为高钛渣行业发展中最大的竞争趋势。 本文通过测定高钛渣中各组分含量(包括二氧化钛、三氧化二铝、五氧化二矾、氧化锰、氧化钙及氧化镁),用来测定高钛渣中所含有的钛含量是否达到标准。对同一式样高钛渣在标准的温度下,采用最佳用量进行试验所发生的反应进行比较分析,并绘制图表。对同一式样高钛渣在规定的最佳时间,pH值环境下发生的反应进行观察和分析,并对试验的影响因素进行概括分析。通过对一系列试验的操作用以更深入的了解以高钛渣为原料来生产四氯化钛的试验原理。 关键字:高钛渣,含量,测定

  • 渣油裂解装置的软测量建模

    目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目录III 1. 绪论1 1.1 引言1 1.2 渣油裂解炉建模技术研究现状 1 1.2.1 裂解过程反应动力学模型1 1.2.2 裂解炉膛辐射室传热模型3 1.3 软测量技术概况4 1.3.1 软测量技术4 1.3.2 智能软测量技术7 1.4 裂解炉生产工艺流程与机理8 1.5 BP神经网络的基本原理 10 2. 实验数据处理及分析15 2.1 实验方法15 2.2 实验数据处理15 3.总结与展望19 3.1 工作总结19 3.2 展望19 致谢21 参考文献22 附录24 摘 要:软测量技术也称为软仪表技术。就是利用易测量过程变量(常称为辅助变量或二次变量),依据这些易测过程变量与难以直接测量的待测过程变量(常称为主导变量)之间的数学关系(软测量模型),通过各种数学计算和估计方法,从而实现对待测量过程的测量或估计。目前,软测量技术已成为过程控制领域的研究热点之一。 本文选用化工生产渣油裂解装置为研究对象,采集其工艺条件与产品品质指标运行数据,实施基于数据驱动的回归建模方法,解析它们间的影响关系,并实现影响因素对品质指标的定量预测,方法上选用现代智能技术的人工神经网络非线性方法,并将其与传统的多元线性回归方法进行对比试验。 关键词:渣油裂解;软测量;数据建模;人工神经网络 The Soft Sensor Modeling of Diesel cracking unit Abstract: Soft measurement technology is also named soft instrument technology. It uses easy-to-measure process variable (It is also named assistant variable or secondary variable.), and bases on the relation (soft measurement model) between the easy-to-measure process variable and the need measuring process variable (It is also named main variable) which is difficult to measure directly to measure or estimate the need measuring process by all kinds of mathematic calculation and estimation methods. At present, the soft measurement technology has become one hotspot in thefield of process control. This article chooses the Diesel cracking unit as the research object, collecting the process conditions and product quality indicator to perfor data, the implementation of regression based on data-driven modeling, analysising the relationships between them, and influencing factors to achieve a quantitative prediction of the quality indicators , using modern intelligence technology of artificial neural network nonlinear method, and comparing with the traditional multiple linear regression method to explain the advantage and parameters optimization option. Keywords:Residual decomposition; Soft Sensor; Data modeling; The artificial neural network

  • 温度对丙烷催化剂Mo-V-Te-Zr催化性能的影响

    目录 目录III 1 绪论1 1.1 研究课题的意义1 1.2 MMO催化剂工业化存在的困难1 1.3 MMO催化剂性能的影响方面2 1.4 MMO催化剂晶相方面3 1.5 共沉淀法3 1.6 微波加热法4 1.7水热法4 1.8 气相色谱的操作5 1.9 本章小结5 2. 实验部分6 2.1 主要实验试剂和仪器6 2.2 催化剂的制备6 2.3 催化剂的评价8 2.4 催化剂的表征9 2.5 本章小结9 3. 结果与讨论10 3.1 催化剂的活性评价10 3.2 BET法测比表面积分析16 3.3 催化剂的XRD图谱17 3.4 本章小结18 结 论19 致 谢20 参考文献21 附录122 摘 要:本文采用仲钼酸铵、偏钒酸铵、锑酸为主要原料,并添加五水硝酸锆助剂,使用水热法、共沉淀法和微波法制备催化剂前驱体,并结合微波干燥和常规加热干燥,通过程序升温焙烧活化制备了复合氧化物Mo-V-Te-Zr催化剂。通过自建的气固相微型反应装置和气相色谱的联用对催化剂样品进行了活性评价。通过BET、XRD等表征手段对催化剂的比表面积和晶相进行了考察。实验结果显示:不同的催化剂前驱体的合成方法,不同的干燥法和不同的反应温度对催化剂的比表面积、晶相和活性有影响。使用共沉淀法,Zr含量为0.1时,反应温度为500℃时得到丙烷最大的转化率,为25.6 %,此时最高的丙烯醛的收率是16.8%,对丙烯酸的选择性不明显。 关键词:Mo-V-Te-Zr复合催化剂;共沉淀法;微波法;水热法;丙烯醛 The influence of temperature to the propane catalyst Mo-V-Te-Zr Abstract: In this paper (NH4)6Mo7O24•4H2O、NH4VO3、H2TeO4•2H2O as the main raw material, and add Zr(NO3)4 ·5H2O under hydrothermal synthesis、microwave method and coprecipitation method to make the catalyst former , dry Roasting through programmed activation Preparation of the composite oxides Mo-V-Te- Zr catalyst. By relying on the gas-solid phase micro-reactor and gas chromatography combined with the right catalyst samples of activity eva luation. By BET, XRD characterization of the catalyst surface area than the crystalline phase and carried out an inspection. The experimental results show that: different hydration temperature, the drying and the reaction temperature on the catalyst surface area, phase and activity. coprecipitation method A1 the reaction temperature of 500℃, to be the largest propane conversion, for the 25.6%; Acrolein the highest yield is 16.8%, the yield of acrylic is not so satisfied. Key words : Mo-V-Te-Zr catalyst;coprecipitation method; microwave method ; hydrothemal heating method; acrolein

  • 悬浮聚合制备苯乙烯性能的研究_化工专业论文范文

    化工专业论文范文 目 录 摘 要I ABSTRACTII 1前言1 1.1 研究背景1 1.2研究意义1 2 聚苯乙烯的现状2 2.1 聚苯乙烯概述2 3 悬浮聚合的现状......................................5 3.1 悬浮聚合概述......................................5 4 实验部分.............................. ............10 4.1 实验药品与器材...................................10 4.2 实验过程.........................................10 4.3 实验结果与讨论...................................14 5 结论...............................................23 参考文献.............................................24 谢辞25 摘 要 首先采用悬浮聚合的方法以聚乙烯醇为分散剂,以过氧化苯甲酰为引发剂,制备出聚苯乙烯球状颗粒聚合物,并在实验中分别通过添加致孔剂十二烷,改变搅拌速度,改变引发剂用量和添加有机物丙酮设计出4组对照实验研究聚苯乙烯悬浮聚合的影响因素,并通过DSC和TGA分析不同条件下制的的聚苯乙烯的热性能。结果表明十二烷的加入会破坏反应体系,使反应不能正常进行;搅拌速度过大时会让聚苯乙烯小球变形;同时,引发剂的用量不能过少,并可适当多加,否则会使聚合成的聚苯乙烯热的品质下降,热稳定性不好;对于有机物丙酮的加入,在丙酮含量低于10%时对体系影响不大,所得聚苯乙烯的性能相对稳定,但当丙酮含量高于10%时会使聚合所得的聚苯乙烯热性能下降,至20%时会破坏原本的反应体系使苯乙烯的聚合不能正常进行。 关键词:悬浮聚合 聚苯乙烯 DSC TGA Study on the performance of polystyrene were synthesized by suspension polymerization ABSTRACT Preparation of the polystyrene that synthesized by suspension polymerization first, and use the PVA as the dispersant and the BPO as the initiator. Then we made four groups of experim -ent to analyse the influence of polystyrene, they is respectively adding the Dodecane 、change the stirring speed、change the dosage of initiator、adding the different dosage of Acetone. And by DSC and TGA analysis of different conditions of polystyrene thermal performance. Results indicate that the addition of dodecane will destroy the reaction system of polystyrene, makes the reaction is not properly; mixing speed too large will let polystyrene beads transform to different shape; at the same time, the dosage of initiator cannot be too little, and may be appropriately more , as this will prevent polymerization of polystyrene thermal quality degradation, poor thermal stability; for organic acetone, when the acetone dosage below 10% the system has been little effect on performance from polystyrene, relatively stable, but when the dosage exceeds the 10% acetone will make aggregated polystyrene thermal performance degradation, to 20% will destroy the original response system that does not aggregate styrene. Key words: suspension polymerization; polystyrene; DSC; TGA

  • 硅酸锆的提纯毕业论文_化工专业论文范文

    化工专业论文范文 目 录 摘要2 Abstract3 第一章 前言5 1.1硅酸锆的性质5 1.2 硅酸锆的用途5 1.3 硅酸锆的发展5 1.4 硅酸锆的提纯6 第二章 实验部分9 2.1 实验试剂及原料:9 2.2实验设备及仪器10 2.3 盐酸溶解法提纯硅酸锆10 2.3.1 实验方案10 2.3.2 铁含量的测定11 2.3.3 Al含量的测定11 2.4 H2SO4溶解法14 2.5 直接高温处理法15 2.6 HF溶解法15 2.7 HF+HNO315 第三章 结果与讨论16 3.1 测定铁含量16 3.2 测定Al含量16 3.3 硅酸锆二氧化硅含量的测定17 3.4 盐酸溶解法提纯硅酸锆18 3.5 H2SO4溶解法19 3.6 直接高温处理法19 3.7 HF溶解法20 3.8 HF+HNO320 第四章 结论21 致谢22 参考文献23 Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing24 Properties of zirconium silicate thin films24 Prepared by laser ablation24 半导体材料科学加工性能26 摘要 本文研究了文昌矿中硅酸锆的提纯及其微量元素的测定。确定以盐酸溶解法提的方案:称取一定质量的硅酸锆,加入9mol/L的盐酸溶解,于电炉上加热并不断搅拌,冷却后,抽滤,烘干,放入马弗炉中1000.C灼烧2h,特别讨论了不同盐酸浓度,不同加热时间,不同洗涤情况,不同灼烧温度对提纯方案的影响,并对各种提纯正方法进行了比较。 研究了H2SO4溶解法 ,HF溶解法,直接高温处理法,和HF+HNO3溶解法等工艺条件,虽没有得到最佳的提纯工艺条件,但在此过程中,加强了对硅酸锆性质的了解,同时也学到了很多操作技巧。 讨论了测Fe,SiO2,Al含量的最佳方法,测Fe用分光光度法,邻二氮菲为显色剂:测Al用EDTA返滴定法,测SiO2氟硅酸钾容量法。 关键词:硅酸锆 提纯 溶解 洗涤 灼烧 Abstract This paper studies the Winching zircon ore purification and the determination of trace elements .Hal to determine a certain way of enhancing the quality of the program said : zircon, joined the Hal δ,Stir and continue heating in the furnace, cooling, exhaust filtering, drying calcinations 2h 1000.C placed muffle furnace .Discuss the different concentrations of hydrochloric acid and different heating times and different washing, purified different calcinations temperature on the program mention the pure comparison of various methods . Dissolution of sulfuric acid, HF solution, direct and high temperature treatment HF dissolution and other conditions, although the conditions were not the best purification process, but in the process to enhance the understanding of the nature of zircon, but also learned a lot of techniques. Discussed the test Fe, SiO2, the best way to Al, Fe measured using spectrophotometer, 1, 10 - phenanthroline to color: Al measured by titrating with EDTA, SiO2 K2SiF6 volumetric measurement. Keywords: zircon, purification, dissolve, washing, calcinations

  • 环硅氧烷阳离子乳液聚合动力学研究

    目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目录III 1. 绪论1 1.1 有机硅乳液聚合概述1 1.2 有机硅乳液研究的发展现状2 1.2.1 国内有机硅乳液聚合的发展现状2 1.2.2 国外有机硅乳液聚合的发展现状3 1.3 本课题的提出4 2. 实验部分5 2.1 主要原料和试剂5 2.2 主要仪器和设备5 2.3 实验流程和装置6 2.4 样品测试7 3. 结果与讨论8 3.1 阳离子乳化剂用量的影响 8 3.2 非离子乳化剂用量的影响9 3.3 KOH的影响9 3.4 温度的影响10 3.5 搅拌速率的影响11 3.6 水油比的影响12 4.总结与展望13 4.1 总结13 4.2 展望13 致谢14 参考文献15 摘要: 有机硅阳离子乳液具有十分优异的耐温、耐候、耐化学品,并可赋予纺织皮革制品十分柔顺的手感,因此应用十分广泛。而其合成工艺-环硅氧烷阳离子乳液聚合是典型的活性可逆平衡聚合,近年来一直受到人们的密切关注。因此本研究以八甲基环四硅氧烷(D4)为单体,KOH为催化剂,采用复合乳化剂进行环硅氧烷阳离子乳液聚合,并用重量法测定聚合产物的转化率。在此基础上,详细讨论了阳离子乳化剂用量、非离子乳化剂用量、KOH用量、温度、搅拌速度和水油比对聚合反应速率的影响。结果表明,非离子乳化剂用量增加,聚合速率单调地增加;温度升高,聚合速率增加,平衡转化率则不变;水油比对聚合速率无本质影响;阳离子乳化剂用量、KOH用量增加及搅拌速度增大时,聚合速率则先单调增加,再下降。 关键词: 环硅氧烷;阳离子乳液聚合;动力学;聚合速率; Cyclosiloxane Cationic Polymerization Kinetics Abstract:Silicone cationic emulsion has very excellent heat, weather resistance, chemical resistance, will give textile leather products feel very submissive, very broad application. And the synthesis - cyclosiloxane cationic polymerization activity is a typical reversible balance polymerization, In recent years, we have been paying close attention to the people. In this study, eight D4 (D4) for the monomer, KOH as catalyst composite emulsifier for cyclosiloxane cationic emulsion, and using weight Determination polymerization products of the conversion. On this basis, a detailed discussion of cationic emulsifier, nonionic emulsifier, KOH concentration, temperature, Mixing speed and water-oil ratio on the polymerization reaction rate impact. The results show that the non-ionic surfactant consumption increased polymerization rate monotonic increase; Temperature increases, the polymerization rate increase balance conversion rate will remain unchanged; water-oil ratio on the polymerization rate no essential; cationic emulsifier. increase the amount of KOH and stirring speed increases, the rate of polymerization is first monotonous, then dropped. Keywords:Cyclosiloxane ; Cationic polymerization ; Kinetics; Polymerization rate;

  • 新建原矿年处理量560万吨磁铁矿选矿厂_化工专业论文

    化工专业论文范文 新建原矿年处理量560万吨磁铁矿选矿厂 目 录 新建原矿年处理量560万吨磁铁矿选矿厂I 摘 要I ABSTRACTII 目 录III 第一章 概述- 1 - 1.1 南芬露天铁矿概况- 1 - 1.1.1 矿区地理位置和交通情况- 1 - 1.1.2 气候情况- 1 - 1.1.3 供水供电情况- 1 - 1.2 矿区地质及矿石性质- 2 - 1.2.1 矿区地质- 2 - 1.2.2 矿石性质- 2 - 1.3 矿石开采方法及原矿、精矿运输、尾矿处理- 3 - 1.3.1 采矿情况、原矿运输- 3 - 1.3.2 精矿运输- 3 - 1.3.3 尾矿处理- 4 - 1.4 厂址的选择- 4 - 第二章 选别工艺流程论证- 5 - 2.1 选别工艺的确定- 5 - 2.2 工艺流程论证- 7 - 2.2.1 单一磁选流程论证- 7 - 2.2.2 阶段磨矿、阶段选别流程论证- 7 - 2.2.3 细筛自循环工艺流程论证- 7 - 2.2.4 一段大筒径磁选作业论证- 8 - 2.2.5 二段脱水作业论证- 9 - 2.2.6 二段磁选作业论证- 9 - 2.2.7 三段磁选作业论证- 9 - 2.2.8四段磁选作业论证- 9 - 第三章 破碎流程计算- 10 - 3.1 新建选厂的规模- 10 - 3.1.1 确定破碎车间工作制度- 10 - 3.1.2 计算破碎车间生产能力- 10 - 3.2 破碎流程的选择与计算- 10 - 3.2.1 确定破碎段数及各段破碎比- 10 - 3.2.2 计算各段破碎比- 11 - 3.2.3 计算各段产物最大粒度- 11 - 3.2.4 计算各段破碎机排矿口宽度- 11 - 3.2.5 确定筛子的筛孔尺寸和筛分效率- 11 - 3.2.6 计算各产物的矿量及产率- 12 - 3.2.7破碎数量流程图- 13 - 第四章 主厂房流程计算- 14 - 4.1 确定主厂房工作制度及处理量- 14 - 4.2 选别流程计算- 14 - 4.2.1 确定原始指标数- 14 - 4.2.2 选取原始指标- 14 - 4.2.3 流程计算- 15 - 4.2.4 计算回收率- 16 - 4.3 磨矿分级流程计算- 16 - 4.3.1 一段磨矿分级流程计算- 16 - 4.3.2 二段磨矿分级流程计算- 17 - 4.4数质量流程图- 18 - 第五章 矿浆流程计算- 21 - 5.1 计算公式及原始指标的确定- 21 - 5.1.1计算公式- 21 - 5.1.2 原始指标的确定- 23 - 5.2 矿浆流程计算- 24 - 5.2.1 计算各作业和产物矿量- 24 - 5.2.2 计算各作业和产物水量- 25 - 5.2.3 计算各作业补加水量- 28 - 5.2.4 计算各产物密度- 29 - 5.2.5 计算矿浆体积- 30 - 5.2.6计算选矿厂总排水量- 31 - 5.2.7 工艺过程耗水量- 31 - 5.2.8 工艺过程补加水- 31 - 5.2.9选矿厂总耗水量- 31 - 5.2.10 选矿厂利用回水量- 32 - 5.2.11 选矿厂补加新水量- 32 - 5.2.12单位耗水量- 32 - 5.3 矿浆流程图- 32 - 第六章 破碎设备的选择与计算- 35 - 6.1 粗碎、中碎设备的选择与计算- 35 - 6.1.1 计算所用公式- 35 - 6.1.2 粗碎设备选型- 36 - 6.1.3中碎设备选型- 37 - 6.2 细碎设备选择与计算- 37 - 6.2.1 计算所用公式- 37 - 6.2.2 细碎设备选型- 38 - 6.3 筛分设备的选择与计算- 38 - 6.3.1 计算所用公式- 39 - 6.3.2 筛分设备选型- 39 - 6.4 破碎筛分设备一览表- 41 - 第七章 主要设备的选择- 42 - 7.1 球磨机的选择- 42 - 7.1.1 确定工作制度及处理量- 42 - 7.1.2 计算所用公式- 42 - 7.1.3 一段球磨机的选择与计算- 44 - 7.1.4 二段球磨机的选择- 45 - 7.2 分级机的选择- 46 - 7.2.1 一段分级机的选择- 46 - 7.2.2 二段分级机的规格- 47 - 7.3 选别设备的选择- 49 - 7.3.1 一段大筒径磁选机的选择- 49 - 7.3.2 二段脱水槽的选择- 49 - 7.3.3 二段小筒径磁选机的选择- 49 - 7.3.4 细筛的选择- 50 - 7.3.5三段小筒径磁选机的选择- 50 - 7.3.6 四段大筒径磁选机的选择- 50 - 7.4 过滤机的选择- 51 - 7.4.1 计算过滤机台数- 51 - 7.4.2 取值与计算- 51 - 7.5 主厂房设备一览表- 52 - 第八章 辅助设备的选择- 53 - 8.1 泵的选择与计算- 53 - 8.1.1 确定管道直径及输送矿浆流速- 53 - 8.1.2 泵扬送矿浆需要的总扬程计算- 54 - 8.1.3 泵由扬送矿浆折合成清水扬程- 55 - 8.1.4 泵所需功率计算- 55 - 8.2 胶带输送机的选择与计算- 57 - 8.2.1 输送能力的计算- 57 - 8.2.2 输送带宽的选择- 57 - 8.2.3 牵引力计算- 58 - 8.2.4 电动机功率计算- 59 - 8.2.5 胶带强度的选择与计算- 60 - 8.3 浓缩机的选择与计算- 61 - 8.4 矿仓的选择与计算- 62 - 8.4.1 计算矿仓预备几何容积- 63 - 8.4.2 主厂房粉矿仓几何容积计算- 63 - 8.5 摆式给料机的选择与计算- 64 - 第九章 尾矿设施与环境保护- 66 - 9.1 排出厂外的尾矿特征- 66 - 9.2 尾矿库的位置及尾矿的输送- 66 - 9.3 尾矿库的容积计算- 66 - 第十章 设备配置说明- 68 - 10.1 破碎厂房配置- 68 - 10.2 主厂房设备配置- 68 - 10.2.1 粉矿仓跨间设备配置- 68 - 10.2.2 磨矿跨间设备配置- 68 - 10.2.3 选别及过滤跨间设备配置- 69 - 第十一章 选矿厂经济概算- 70 - 11.1 设备表- 70 - 11.1.1主要设备表- 70 - 11.1.2辅助设备表- 71 - 11.1.3皮带列表- 71 - 11.1.4吊车列表- 72 - 11.2 固定资产投资的计算- 72 - 11.2.1 设备概算- 72 - 11.2.2 金属结构概算- 72 - 11.2.3 工艺管道概算- 73 - 11.2.4 选矿专业概算- 73 - 11.2.5 基建投资概算- 73 - 11.2.6 固定资产投资- 73 - 11.3 技术经济分析- 73 - 11.3.1 基础数据的计算- 73 - 11.3.2 折旧费、维修费、财务费- 73 - 11.3.3 精矿成本计算- 74 - 11.3.4 经营成本计算- 75 - 11.3.5 总投资计算- 75 - 11.4 税金的计算- 75 - 11.4.1 销售税- 75 - 11.4.2 所得税、纯收入、利润- 75 - 11.5 投资回收期计算- 76 - 11.5.1 现金流量表- 76 - 11.5.2 内部收益率、投资回收期- 76 - 11.5.3 投资利润率、利税率- 77 - 11.6 劳动定员- 77 - 11.6.1 国家规定劳动生产率数值- 77 - 11.6.2 计划需要员工、生产工人数- 77 - 11.6.3 实际劳动生产工人定员表- 77 - 参考文献- 80 - 附录 数质量及矿浆流程计算程序- 85 - 致谢- 105 - 摘 要 新建磁铁矿年处理原矿560万吨选矿厂,给矿粒度1000—0mm。 南芬铁矿主要矿物为磁铁矿,磁性率在38%左右,采用单一磁选工艺。磁铁矿分离粒度为0.03-0.15mm,石英为0.1-0.2mm,选用阶段磨矿、阶段选别流程。 工艺流程介绍如下:破碎为三段一闭路;磨矿为两段闭路磨矿,一段磨矿分级的溢流给入一段大筒径,精矿产物品位为44.0%、产率为59.82%、回收率为89.23%。粗精矿给入二段分级,二段分级溢流给入二段脱水槽,二段脱水槽精矿产物品位为55.5%、产率为87.45%、回收率为164.52%。随后,给入二段磁选,经磁选后,粗精矿品位为60.50%、产率为78.52%、回收率为161.04%。磁选精矿接着给入细筛,筛下品位为65.0%、产率为36.83%、回收率为81.16%。筛下产物给入三段小筒径,三段小筒径精矿再给入四段大筒径,四段大筒径精矿经过过滤得到最终精矿,品位为68.0%、产率为34.71%、回收率为80%。选矿厂主厂房总共有12个系列,设计总投资为¥13862.9万元,服务年限为40年,静态投资回收期为2.57年。年精矿产量194.47万吨,年销售收入¥116682.85 万元。 关键词:磁选,阶段磨矿,阶段选别; ABSTRACT The newly-designed mineral processing plant has a capacity of 5.6 million tones which is from 1000 to 0 mm. The valuable mineral of the ore is mainly magnetite, and the FeO / TFe is about 38%, so single magnetic separation is adopted. Since crystalline size of magnetite is0.03to0.15mm, and that of quartz is 0.01to0.2 mm, so stage-grinding and stage-concentration are employed. Technical flowsheet is introduced as following: crushing is carried out through two stages with one stage closed-circuit. Grinding is two stage closed-circuit, and the overflow of first classifier is given into first big-drum-diameter magnetic separator. The grade, product ratio and recovery of concentrate are44.0%,59.82%,89.23% respectively. Then the concentrate is delivered to the second classification, its overflow into the second declaiming tank, the grade, product ratio and recovery of its concentrate are 55.5%, 87.45%, 164.52% respectively. After being separated by the second magnetic separator, the grade, product ratio and recovery of the concentrate are60.50%, 78.52% and 161.04% respectively. Then the product is fed to the fine screen. The grade, product ratio and recovery of the undersize product are 65.0%, 36.83% and81.16% respectively. And it is given to the third small-drum-diameter magnetic separator . Then it is given to the fourth big-drum-diameter magnetic separator and goes through the filter. The grade, product ratio and recovery of final concentrate are 68.0%, 34.71% and80% respectively. There are 12 series in the concentration mill, and the total investment is ¥13862.9 million. The series life is 40 years, and the investment will be recovered in 2.57years. The annual concentrate output of the mineral processing plant is about 194.47 thousand tones, and the annual market income is ¥116682.85 million. Keywords:magnetic,separation,stage-grinding,stage-concentration;

  • 烯丙基酚醛树脂的合成与性能研究_化工专业论文范文

    化工专业论文范文 目 录 摘 要I ABSTRACTII 1前言1 1.1研究背景及意义1 1.2文献综述2 1.2.1酚醛树脂的改性2 1.2.2双马来酰亚胺7 1.2.3与烯丙基化合物共聚改性9 1.2.4 浇铸固化11 1.3 本论文的研究内容11 1.3.1 论文任务11 1.3.2 研究内容11 2实验原理与方法13 2.1 实验目的13 2.2实验原理13 2.3 实验流程13 2.4 烯丙基酚醛树脂的制备14 2.4.1实验药品14 2.4.2实验装置图14 2.4.3 实验步骤及现象15 2.5后处理16 2.5.1实验仪器16 2.5.2试验装置图17 2.5.3实验步骤17 2.5.4 注意事项18 2.6 改性18 2.6.1实验仪器18 2.6.2 预聚合实验步骤18 2.6.3注意事项19 2.6.4预聚物的固化19 2.7树脂的力学性能测试19 2.7.2试样制作步骤20 2.7.3测试方法21 2.8树脂的热力学性能测试21 2.8.1TGA原理21 2.8.2试验样品22 2.8.3试验条件22 2.9 红外吸收光谱测定双键含量的测定23 3结果与讨论24 3.1溶解度测试24 3.2软化点的测试24 3.3红外光谱测试24 3.4热失重分析31 3.5弯曲试验32 3.6冲击试验33 4结论34 参考文献35 谢 辞37 摘 要 本文合成了不同接枝率的烯丙基酚醛树脂,并测定了所合成的烯丙基酚醛树脂的溶解度,软化点等性能指标。进而,选取接枝率为50%的烯丙基酚醛树脂按不同配比与双马来酰亚胺进行共聚改性,研究了不同的固化工艺对共聚改性树脂的力学性能(弯曲性能,冲击性能)和热稳定性能的影响。研究表明: 按不同配比使双马来酰亚胺与烯丙基酚醛树脂共聚,配比中随着烯丙基酚醛树脂含量的增加,共聚物的弯曲性能越好,但是其冲击强度有所降低。 关键词: 烯丙基酚醛树脂 双马来酰亚胺 共聚改性 Study on the preparation of allyl phenolic resin ABSTRACT This article was a synthesis of different graft allylic phenolic resin, and the determination of the synthesis of allylic phenolic resin solubility, softening point and other performance indicators. In turn, select grafting rate is 50% of the allyl phenolic resin by different proportions and BMI are copolymerization, research different curing process on copolymer resin mechanical analysis (bending properties, impact properties) and the influence of heat stability.Research shows that: by different ratios of the BMI and allyl phenolic resin copolymer, in as allyl phenolic resin content increases, copolymer of bending performance, but its impact will be less. Keywords: allyl phenolic bismaleimide modification

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