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摘要翻译：
所观察到的名义价格和平均体现的能量之间的比例关系不能用传统的经济理论来解释。基于（1）物品是物质的重排，(2)人类只能通过能量转移来重排物质的思想，提出了一个将能量转移作为稀缺性焦点的模型。一个自给自足代理的修正消费者和生产者问题表明，商品的机会成本是由其边际能量转移决定的，而边际能量转移取决于主观和客观因素（如消费者偏好和直接能量转移）。在允许交换和完全竞争的情况下，名义价格作为商品边际能量转移的社会表现形式而出现。名义价格与平均体现的能源之间的比例关系如下：考虑到后者与边际能源转移之间的关系。
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英文标题：
《Why are prices proportional to embodied energies?》
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作者：
Benjamin Leiva
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最新提交年份：
2018
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分类信息：
一级分类：Economics 经济学
二级分类：Theoretical Economics 理论经济学
分类描述：Includes theoretical contributions to Contract Theory, Decision Theory, Game Theory, General Equilibrium, Growth, Learning and Evolution, Macroeconomics, Market and Mechanism Design, and Social Choice.
包括对契约理论、决策理论、博弈论、一般均衡、增长、学习与进化、宏观经济学、市场与机制设计、社会选择的理论贡献。
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英文摘要：
The observed proportionality between nominal prices and average embodied energies cannot be interpreted with conventional economic theory. A model is presented that places energy transfers as the focal point of scarcity based on the idea that (1) goods are material rearrangements, and (2) humans can only rearrange matter with energy transfers. Modified consumer and producer problems for an autarkic agent show that the opportunity cost of goods are given by their marginal energy transfers, which depend on subjective and objective factors (e.g. consumer preferences and direct energy transfers). Allowing for exchange and under perfect competition, nominal prices arise as social manifestations of goods' marginal energy transfers. The proportionality between nominal prices and average embodied energy follows given the relation between the latter and marginal energy transfers.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1811.12502
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