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摘要翻译：
标准的微观经济学集中于对市场的描述，而对生产却很少感兴趣。一些经济学家讨论了公司的概念，而不是开放的劳动力市场，在开放的劳动力市场中，企业家会在每个商业机会的时候招募工人。科斯就是其中之一，他解释了企业作为制度的存在，因为它们降低了开放劳动力市场的交易成本。无论经济学家提出什么理由来解释企业的存在，他们的观点都是基于效率和成本分析。很少关注企业的出现和演化的动态。本文的目的是检验一个基于有限理性和强化学习的非常简单的模型的全局动力学性质。工人和经理被定位在一个格上，他们根据以前工作关系的成功来选择合作者。选择算法在很大程度上受rom的启发，在Weisbuch Etal\cite{Weisbuch}和Nadal Etal\cite{Nadal}中讨论了在易逝品市场上观察到的长期客户/销售商关系的观察和建模。这里提出的模型绝不是科斯的替代方案。我们描述了减少交易成本的长期关系的建立，并从我们的简单假设中推导出网络的动力学性质。总之，目前的模型解释了企业中雇佣关系的亚稳态，但还必须添加一些东西来解释在实际企业中观察到的更有效的工作量再分配。
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英文标题：
《Emergence of firms in $(d+1)$-dimensional work space》
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作者：
G. Weisbuch, D. Stauffer, D. Mangalagiu, R. Ben-Av, S. Solomon
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最新提交年份：
2008
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分类信息：
一级分类：Quantitative Finance 数量金融学
二级分类：General Finance 一般财务
分类描述：Development of general quantitative methodologies with applications in finance
通用定量方法的发展及其在金融中的应用
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一级分类：Physics 物理学
二级分类：Physics and Society 物理学与社会
分类描述：Structure, dynamics and collective behavior of societies and groups (human or otherwise). Quantitative analysis of social networks and other complex networks. Physics and engineering of infrastructure and systems of broad societal impact (e.g., energy grids, transportation networks).
社会和团体（人类或其他）的结构、动态和集体行为。社会网络和其他复杂网络的定量分析。具有广泛社会影响的基础设施和系统（如能源网、运输网络）的物理和工程。
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英文摘要：
Standard micro-economics concentrate on the description of markets but is seldom interested in production. Several economists discussed the concept of a firm, as opposed to an open labour market where entrepreneurs would recrute workers on the occasion of each business opportunity. Coase \cite{Coase} is one of them, who explains the existence of firms as institution because they reduce the transaction costs with respect to an open labour market. Whatever the rationale proposed by economists to account for the existence of firms, their perspective is based on efficiency and cost analysis. Little attention is paid to the dynamics of emergence and evolution of firms. The aim of the present manuscript is to check the global dynamical properties of a very simple model based on bounded rationality and reinforcement learning. Workers and managers are localised on a lattice and they choose collaborators on the basis of the success of previous work relations. The choice algorithm is largely inspired rom the observation and modeling of long term customer/sellers relationships observed on perishable goods markets discussed in Weisbuch etal\cite{Weisbuch} and Nadal etal\cite{Nadal}. The model presented here is in no way an alternative to Coase. We describe the build-up of long term relationships which do reduce transaction costs, and we deduce the dynamical properties of networks built from our simple assumptions. In conclusion, the present model explains the metastability of employment relations in the firm, but something has to be added to it to explain the more efficient workload repartition observed in real firms.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/0801.4337
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