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第1部分第1章“Income and Output(收入和产出)”有一节的标题是:“The Idea of National Income”(中043,“国民收入的概念”),一开始就给“the concept of national income(中043,““国民收入的概念””)”下定义。两个“概念”,一个是需要定义的“concept”,一个是需要阐述的“Idea”!这一节就阐述了GDP、国民收入(National Income)、国内生产净值(net domestic product)/国内产出(domestic output)/国内产值(domestic production)、国外净收入(net income from abroad)等概念的含义及关系,
英45: National income = domestic output + net income from abroad
中045: 国民收入=国内产值+国外净收入
在殖民主义时代,旧世界(旧欧洲)在世界各地占据了大量的殖民地,是“owner(所有者)”其“国外净收入”很大,使得其“国民收入”大于“国内产值”,当然,其殖民地的“国外净收入”是负的,其“国民收入”小于“国内产值”。现在情况变了,旧欧洲过分地弥漫着一种“被所有”的恐慌情绪:
英44:“Europe, rather than being the owner,may find itself owned. Such fears are currently widespread in the Old World—perhaps too widespread.”
皮凯蒂认为,这种恐慌是没有根据的,
英44:“whether wealthy or emergent,are currently in much more balanced situations than one sometimes imagines.”
中045:“无论是富裕国家还是新兴国家,其收支情况都要比人们想象的更加平衡。”
也就是说,“国外净收入”无论是正还是负,其值都很小,“国民收入”非常接近“国内产值”,“被所有”的恐慌情绪是“fantasy often outstrips reality(幻想常常超越了现实)”!
有意思的是上述“...更加平衡”后的文字翻译!
英44:“In France as in the United States, Germany as well as Great Britain, China as well as Brazil, and Japan as well as Italy, national income is within 1 or 2 percent of domestic product. In all these ountries, in other words, the inflow of profits, interest, dividends, rent, and so on is more or less balanced by a comparable outflow.”
中045:“在法国和美国,德国和英国,中国和巴西,日本和意大利,国民收入约是国内产值的1%或2%。换句话说,在所有这些国家,利润、利息、红利、租金等的流入大致与流出相当。”
如果“国民收入约是国内产值的1%或2%”,那么,“国外净收入(...等的流入-流出)”=“国民收入”-“国内产值”=“国内产值的1%或2%”-“国内产值”=-“国内产值的99%或98%”,谈不上“流入大致与流出相当”!
国内产值的99%或98%都被国外拿走啦!!啊啊,法国和美国,德国和英国,中国和巴西,日本和意大利,谁也逃脱不了,大家的情绪都得非常非常“恐慌”了!
问题出在哪里呢?其实,是中文版在翻译这段文字时,把很关键的一个词“within”给忽略了!没有这个“within”,这么翻译一点没错!
让我们看看“柯林斯英汉双解”上的一个例子吧:
“The man was within a few feet of him.”==>“那名男子离他只有几英尺。”
所以,似是应该:“national income is within 1 or 2 percent of domestic product”==>“国民收入和国内产值的差距只有1%或2%”!!
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