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经济随想
Ethics
I.Professionalism
专业性
I(A) Knowledge of the law知法
1.知法,知与本职工作相关的法律
作为一个金融从业人员,你必须知晓与你本职工作相关的法律,例如,你是从事上市业务的,你只需知晓与上市有关的法律,不需要知道人事管理制度方面的法律。
2.守法,守更严格的法律
这一条还是很简单的,直接守更严格的法律就可以了。唯一有难点的地方是:
Applicable law: Member resides in MS(more strict laws) country, does business in LS(less strict laws)country; MS law applies, but it states that law of locality where business is conducted governs.
Duties: Member must adhere to the Code and standards.
点评:一般来说我们是把几个法律和准则放在一起比较,然后选出最严格的法律即可。但是,在这里法律有明确规定,当地的法律是优先于你原来国家的法律的,也就是说法律明文规定LS>MS,我们确定好LS后,再将LS与我们的准则比较,选择出更为严格的法律。因为只要是我们的member 或者是candidate,不管你在哪个国家,你都要遵守code。所以,LS<Code,最终我们需要遵守Code。
Example:
James Collins is an investment analyst for a major Wall Street brokerage firm. He works in a developing country with a rapidly modernizing economy and a growing capital market. Local securities laws are minimal-in form and content-and include no punitive prohibitions against insider trading.
点评:遵守更严格的法律,不得从事内幕交易。
3.发现违法行为,我们应该怎么办呢?
(1)有确切证据证明存在违法行为
第一步,报告上级supervisor或者合规部门compliance apartment。协会并没有要求你发现违法行为就向ZF机构举报啊,但是你如果举报了,你也没有违法协会的规定。
第二步,脱离违法活动dissociatefromthe illegal activity。如果第一步失效,请参照第二步。如果是写研究报告,你可以不署名;你还可以申请更换部门或团队;或者是拒绝为违法的客户服务。
第三步,辞职resign。当然,如果第二步的方案无法实施的话,宁愿辞职也在所不惜。
Example:
Kamisha Washington’s firm advertises its past performance record by showing the 10-year return of a composite of its client accounts. Washington discovers, however, that the composite omits the performance of accounts that have left the firm during the 10-year period, whereas the description of the composite indicates the inclusion of all firm accounts. This omission has led to an inflated performance figure. Washington is asked to use promotional material that includes the erroneous performance number when soliciting business for the firm.
点评:你发现宣传册上公司遗漏了一个重要账户10年的业绩表现,而公司对外声称业绩已经包含了所有的账户信息。这明显就是不实的表述。
你发现违法行为后,第一步就是告诉你的上司这个宣传册是有错误的。让上司采取有效的措施修正错误。如果上司不修正这个错误,让你继续使用错误的宣传册,你可以你还可以申请更换部门或团队;或者是宁愿辞职也在所不惜。如果,你选择不作为,继续使用错误的册子诱导客户,视同违法。
(2)没有确切证据证明违法,仅仅只是怀疑
怀疑违法,请向权威第三方咨询,但不会因为咨询错误而免责。例如,你怀疑做假账是违法的,但是你不确定,于是你找了一个专家咨询,这个专家告诉你:“做假账是不违法的。”然后,你就继续做假账,可不可以啊?
不可以啊,因为协会不会因为你咨询错误而免除你的责任。为什么呢?因为对于做假账到底违法与否的问题,你作为一个专业人员,你要知晓与你本职工作相关的法律。你就应该清晰的知道,做假账本身就是违法的。
Example:
Michael Allen works for a brokerage firm and is responsible for an underwriting of securities. A company official gives Allen information indicating that the financial statements Allen filed with the regulator overstate the issuer’s earnings. Allen seeks the advice of the brokerage firm’s general counsel, who states that it would be seeks the advice of the brokerage firm’s general counsel, who states that it would be difficult for regulator to prove that Allen has been involved in any wrongdoing.
点评:虚增利润,做假账,本身就是违法准则的。
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