Schwartz, C. R. (2013). Trends and variation in assortative mating: Causes and consequences. Annual Review of Sociology, 39, 451-470.
Assortative mating fundamentally shapes the characteristics of families and the reproduction of populations. It organizes people into families and determines the characteristics of parents. In this article, I review the literature on the causes and consequences of trends and variation in assortative mating. Explanations for why assortative mating varies have been dominated by modernization theory, but perspectives emphasizing economic inequality and gender inequality have gained momentum in recent years. Underexplored is how changes in the structure of search have affected mate selection.
本篇是关于assortative mating的一篇综述文章，因而在第一句话作者用非常精简的语言说明了为什么assortative mating research是很重要的，这是因为它shapes the characteristics of families and the reproduction of populations. Family, population, 是对人类来说很重要的方面。后面一句话进一步解释第一句话，使用了动词，organize people into families and determines …这样可以使我们更形象的看到这个过程。
后面即指出了这篇文章关注的重点，我想大部分社科人文研究都在研究causes and consequences of trends and variations 的问题吧，所以这个表达很具有概括性。紧接着就是对本文亮点的一个概括，那就是通常来说关于这个方面的研究曾经被modernization theory所统治，某些方面的被忽略，但是却极为重要，所以本篇我们会重视这个方面的研究。这个表达相信大家都不会陌生吧，看看作者是怎么表达的，explanation for why ….have been dominated by …, but perspective(与theory对应) emphasizing ….have gained momentum (获得很好的发展势头) in recent years. Underexplored is how …. have affected ….
The idea that assortative mating affects inequality and population composition is one of the primary motivations for its study but, until recently, has rarely been tested empirically.
这句话也是对上面那个总体意思的进一步表达，the idea that ….is one of the primary motivation for its study but, until recently, has rarely been tested empirically.
I review the literature on the consequences of assortative mating for (a) inequality within generations, (b) inequality between generations, (c) long-run population change, and (d) relationship quality and dissolution. I conclude with suggestions for future research.
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