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某工厂10KV变电所电气系统设计_电气工程论文范文
电气工程论文 摘 要 电能是现代工业生产的主要能源和动力，是实现生产自动化的重要物质基础。变电所是电力系统中对电能的电压和电流进行变换、集中和分配的场所。随着工业电气自动化技术的发展，工厂用电量的迅速增长，对电能质量、供电可靠性以及技术经济指标等的要求也日益增高。电能既易于由其他形式的能量转换而来，也易于转换为其他形式的能量以供应用；电能的输送和分配既简单经济，又便于控制、调节和测量，有利于实现生产过程自动化。 本次某工厂10KV变电所电气系统设计的工厂包括组装车间，电镀车间，焊接车间，金工车间，热处理车间，维修车间，锅炉房，试验站，仓库，办公室等。主要设计的内容是全厂负荷统计,高压进线选择,选择车间变电所变压器台数及其容量等。 通过对设计原始资料的分析，全厂负荷的计算，选择相应的主变压器台数和容量，从而确定其具体的供电系统。再对其初选的系统进行相应的短路计算和高低压设备的选择及校验，选择和校验高低压线路，最后简单的进行继电保护设置的说明。结合课本的基础知识，根据我国变配电所的运行情况以及各种变压器、开关柜、线路等电器设备的标准，进行具体的定量地选择电器设备，最终可以得出具体的关于工厂总降压变配电所供电的系统图。 关键词 变电所，电力负荷，短路电流，变压 目 录 摘要………………………………………………………………………………… II Abstract ……………………………………………………………………………III 1 绪论 ……………………………………………………………………………1 2 原始资料……………………………………………………………………………………2 2.1 厂区组成及布置…………………………………………………………………………2 2.2 设计资料…………………………………………………………………………………2 2.2.1负荷资料…………………………………………………………………………… 2 2.2.2 供电协议……………………………………………………………………………3 2.2.3 供电系统技术数据…………………………………………………………………3 2.2.4 本厂负荷性质………………………………………………………………………3 2.2.5本厂自然条件………………………………………………………………………3 3 负荷计算和无功补偿 ……………………………………………………………………4 3.1 负荷计算………………………………………………………………………………4 3.2 无功功率补偿 …………………………………………………………………………7 4 高压进线选择 …………………………………………………………………9 4.1 变电所位置选择及要求…………………………………………………………………9 4.2 变电所的主接线图………………………………………………………………………9 5 选择车间变电所变压器台数及其容量………………………………………………11 5.1主变压器的台数选择及其原理………………………………………………………11 5.2各车间变压器的选择…………………………………………………………………11 5.3主变压器类型和台数的选择…………………………………………………………12 6二种主接线比较……………………………………………………………………………13 6.1 设计两种电气主接线……………………………………………………………………13 6.1.1 单母线接线…………………………………………………………………………13 6.1.2 双母线接线…………………………………………………………………………14 6.2 对两种电气主接线进行技术经济比较…………………………………………………15 6.3 拟定全厂供电系统草图…………………………………………………………………16 7短路电流计算……………………………………………………………………………… 17 7.1计算短路电流的目的………………………………………………………………… 17 7.2 短路的原因及危害 ………………………………………………………………… 17 7.3最大运行方式下的短路电流计算 ………………………………………………… 17 7.3.1绘制计算电路…………………………………………………………………… 17 7.3.2确定基准值……………………………………………………………………… 18 7.3.3 计算短路电路中各主要原件的电抗标幺值…………………………………… 18 7.3.4在K-1点的短路总阻抗标幺值及三相短路电流和短路容量………………… 18 7.3.5在K-2点的短路总阻抗标幺值及三相短路电流和短路容量………………… 19 7.4 最小运行方式下的短路电流计算 ………………………………………………… 20 7.4.1确定基准值……………………………………………………………………… 20 7.3.2 计算短路电路中各主要原件的电抗标幺值…………………………………… 20 7.4.3在K-1点的短路总阻抗标幺值及三相短路电流和短路容量………………… 20 7.4.4在K-2点的短路总阻抗标幺值及三相短路电流和短路容量………………… 21 7.5低压电网短路电流的计算 ……………………………………………………………22 高压系统电抗………………………………………………………………… 22 变压器的阻抗……………………………………………………………………22 母线和电缆的阻抗 …………………………………………………………… 22 8高、低压配电装置（柜）选择………………………………………………………… 25 8.1高压设备选择的原则……………………………………………………………………25 8.1.1高压开关柜的选择原则…………………………………………………………… 25 8.1.2短路校验的原则 ……………………………………………………………………25 8.2高压配电装置(柜)的选择 …………………………………………………………… 26 8.3低压配电装置(柜)的选择…………………………………………………………… 29 9高、低压出线选择………………………………………………………………………… 30 9.1线路选择与校验的项目及条件…………………………………………………………30 9.2对10KV侧出线的选择………………………………………………………………… 30 9.3对到各车间埋地电缆的选择……………………………………………………………31 9.4对化工厂架空线的选择…………………………………………………………………31 10继电保护装置设置 ………………………………………………………………………32 10.1系统继电保护及自动装置 ………………………………………………………… 32 10.2对主变压器继电保护装置的设置 ………………………………………………… 33 10.3对各车间变压器的继电保护装置的设置… ……………………………………… 34 11防雷与接地设计………………………………………………………………………… 36 11.1 变电所的防雷保护………………………………………………………………… 36 11.1.1 电力线路的防雷措施………………………………………………………… 36 11.1.2 变配电所的防雷措施…………………………………………………………36 11.2 变电所公共接地装置的设计……………………………………………………… 38 12绘制总变电所供电系统全图……………………………………………………………40 13总结………………………………………………………………………………………… 41 致谢………………………………………………………………………………………………42 参考文献……………………………………………………………………………………… 43器 Abstract Power of modern industrial production of major energy and power, is to achieve an important material basis for production automation. Substation is the place on the electricity power system voltage and current to change, focus and allocation. With the development of industrial electrical automation technology, the rapid growth of electricity consumption in factories, power quality, power reliability, and technical and economic indicators increasingly higher demands. Power is easy to convert from other forms of energy from, but also easily converted to other forms of energy to supply with; power transmission and distribution is simple and economic, and easy to control, regulation and measurement, is conducive to automation of the production process. The 10KV substation of a factory plant electrical system design, including assembly workshop, electroplating shop, welding shop, machine shop, heat treatment shop, maintenance shop, boiler room, test stations, warehouses, offices. The content of the main design load of the whole plant, high pressure into the line selection, select the number of transformers and substation plant capacity, etc.. Through the design of the original data, all plant load calculation, select the appropriate number and capacity of main transformers to determine the specific power supply system. Then the system of its primary short-circuit calculations and the corresponding high and low voltage equipment selection and validation, selection and validation of high voltage lines, and finally a simple set of instructions to relay. Combined with basic knowledge of textbooks, according to China by the operation of distribution and a variety of transformers, switchgears, circuit and other electrical equipment standards for specific quantitative selection of electrical equipment, eventually reached a specific step-down on the total plant substation power system plan. Key words electric load， short-circuit ，current transforme，r substation
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红外遥控家用电器智能节电器的设计_电气工程论文
电气工程论文 摘要：随着具有待机功能的家用电器的普及，其产生的功耗也成为家庭用电中的一大浪费。待机能耗是指机器在不使用的情况下，插头还接在插座上有电流通过产生的功耗。电视机，空调，饮水机，微波炉等家用电器都会产生待机能耗。因为家电的工作电流和待机电流相差很大，所以可以通过测量流过家用电器的电流判断电器的工作或待机状态。本课题利用STC单片机来判断并控制家用电器的工作或待机模式。在检测到待机信号时，单片机控制继电器开关，将电流切断，家电完全断电，消除了待机功耗，达到节能的目的。同时，单片机接收到红外遥控信号后，闭合继电器，重新给其通电，就可开启电器。本文也论证了此研究的现实意义和实现方案。 关键词：待机能耗；电流检测；红外线遥控；节能 Abstract:With the popularity of electrical appliance with standby function, the standby power consumption becomes a big waste. Standby power is produced when the plugs still is connecting to the power sources when machine stops normal work. Television, air-conditioning, water-machine, microwave pot can cause such standby power. As there is big difference between standby current and working current, working or standby mode can be judged by measuring the current flowing through appliances. STC single chip microcomputer is applied here to judge and control the working or standby mode. When detecting standby signal, microcomputer gives structure to relay switch to cut off the current, then standby power is eliminated so as to realize energy saving. Single chip machine can also restart appliance after receiving infrared signals. The significance and realization scheme are also discussed in this paper. Keywords：Standby power； electricity detection； infrared control； energy saving
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某造纸厂35kV供电系统设计_电气工程论文范文
电气工程论文 摘 要I AbstractII 1 前 言- 1 - 1.1 工厂供配电系统的历程- 1 - 1.2工厂供配电系统设计发展方向- 1 - 1.3 本文所做的主要工作- 1 - 1.4 本设计所依据的主要国家标准与设计规范- 2 - 2 某造纸厂原始资料与设计要求- 3 - 2.1 某造纸厂原始资料- 3 - 2.1.1 某造纸厂厂区平面图- 3 - 2.1.2 变电所形势及位置- 3 - 2.1.3 某造纸厂基本原始资料- 4 - 3 负荷计算- 5 - 3.1 负荷计算的方法- 5 - 3.2 车间变电所负荷计算与无功补偿- 5 - 3.3 全厂总负荷计算及无功补偿- 12 - 4 电力变压器的选择及变电所主接线设计- 14 - 4.1总降压变电所及车间变电所变压器台数及容量选择- 14 - 4.2 车间变压器台数及容量的选择- 14 - 4.3 变电所主接线设计- 15 - 4.3.1 变电所主接线方案的设计原则- 15 - 4.3.2 主接线方案- 16 - 5 短路计算- 17 - 5.1 短路的原因及计算方法- 17 - 5.2 主要短路点的短路计算- 17 - 5.2.1 基准值的选定- 17 - 5.2.2 短路电路中各元件电抗标幺值计算- 18 - 5.2.3 主要短路点的三相短路电流和短路容量计算- 18 - 6 总降压变电所与车间变电所一次设备选择- 21 - 6.1 高压设备选择的原则- 21 - 6.2 一次设备选择表- 21 - 6.3 高压开关柜和母线选择- 23 - 6.3.1 高压开关柜的选择- 23 - 6.3.2 高低压母线的选择- 24 - 7 高低压配电线路设计- 25 - 7.1 高低压配电线路设计的要求- 25 - 7.2 变电所进出线、电缆选择与校验- 25 - 7.2.1 变电所进出线及与邻近单位联络线的选择- 25 - 8 二次回路设计- 27 - 8.1 继电保护任务和要求- 27 - 8.2 继电保护- 28 - 8.2.1 变电所的电能计量回路- 28 - 8.2.2 变电所的测量和绝缘监察回路- 28 - 8.3 继电保护计算- 29 - 8.3.1 变压器继电保护及整定- 29 - 8.3.2 其它线路的保护整定- 32 - 9 变电所防雷与接地设计- 33 - 9.1 变电所的防雷保护- 33 - 9.1.1 电力线路的防雷措施- 33 - 9.1.2 变配电所的防雷措施- 33 - 9.1.3 雷电侵入波的防护- 35 - 9.2 变电所公共接地装置的设计- 35 - 9.2.1 接地电阻的要求- 35 - 9.2.2 接地装置的设计- 35 - 10 结论- 36 - 致谢- 37 - 参考文献- 38 - 附录 电气主接线图 摘 要 供电技术的发展日新月异，新工艺、新元件、新设备、新技术得到了广泛的应用。造纸厂设备和技术也不断更新，而且造纸厂工艺结构复杂，拥有许多大型设备，企业负荷量较大。造纸企业具有生产连续性强，生产机械高度集中，对供电质量和稳定性要求较高。按照国家的相关标准和规范完成了全厂负荷的计算，功率因数补偿方式的选择，总降压变电所与车间变电所变压器的选择，造纸厂变电所的主接线设计，短路电流计算，一次设备的选择，继电保护方案设计与参数整定，供配电线路设计，防雷保护和接地装置的选择。设计造纸厂的35kV供电系统，取得了一些成果，整个设计具有详细的计算过程和供配电系统图，所取得的设计结果，对于诸如此类的中型企业供电系统的技术改造，具有一定的参考价值。 关键词：一、二次设计，供电系统设计，35kV供电系统，造纸厂 Abstract With the development of power supply technology, kinds of sophisticated techniques, components and equipment were been widely used. Paper mill has complex technological process and many large-scale equipment with larger power load. Strong-continuity manufacture and highly concentrated manufacturing machine are the characteristic of paper manufacturer. It demands higher quality and stability of electricity. According to relevant national standards and norms, calculations of the whole plant load, compensation of power factor, choice of the total step-down substation’s transformer and workshop substation, main wiring design of the papermaking factories’ substation, short-circuit current calculate, selected of primary equipment, program design with relay protection, setting parameters for the distribution circuit design., lightning protection and grounding options were designed. The result of design shows the detailed calculation process, supply and distribution system plan can give a medium-sized enterprise which change of the power supply system, to provide the reference. Keywords：primary and secondly design, power supply system design, 35kV power supply system, paper mill
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盘磨机的自动控制_电气工程论文范文_电气工程论文
电气工程论文 目 录 摘要1 1 绪 论1 1.1 研究的意义及目的1 1.2 国内外盘磨机研究状况1 1.3 PLC发展概述2 1.4 原理及应用简述3 2 造纸的主要工艺流程简介4 2.1 制浆流程4 2.2 造纸流程7 3 造纸打浆8 3.1 打浆的意义及原理8 3.2 打浆的设备10 3.3 打浆设备的发展12 4 打浆的控制方法13 4.1 比能量控制13 4.1.1 自动功率控制13 4.1.2 温差控制13 4．1．3 hpd／t控制14 4．2 游离度控制14 4．3 比能量—比边缘负荷控制14 4.4 打浆过程控制的发展趋势16 5 盘磨机17 5.1 盘磨机概况17 5.1.2 单盘旋转式盘磨机17 5.1.3 双盘旋转式盘磨机17 5.1.4 三盘磨盘磨机18 5.2 盘磨机设计中主要考虑的问题18 5.2.1 磨铰18 5.2.2 磨核的材料20 5.2.3 盘磨的间隙的调节20 5.2.4 磨盘的直径和转速21 5.3 相川AWN型双盘磨机。21 5.3.1 构造21 5.3.2 配管22 5.3.3 机械伺服机构的概要23 5.3.4 定位机构组成零件24 5.4 盘磨机打浆原理及影响打浆因素25 6 基于PLC的盘磨机的自动控制设计26 6.1 PLC的简介26 6.1.1 PLC的构成26 6.1.2 PLC的工作原理28 6.1.3 PLC的特点和应用30 6.2 盘磨机控制方案31 6.2.1 盘磨机的主电机的控制和启动33 6.2.2 独立的盘磨保护系统RPS(Refiner Protect System)35 6.3 盘磨辅助设备启动37 6.3.1 盘磨机组启动37 6.3.2 盘磨机和辅助设备组停止37 6.4 盘磨机加载控制的PLC程序38 6.4.1 程序流程框图38 6.4.2 盘磨机控制的主要PLC程序39 7 结 论43 致 谢44 参考文献45 附 录 部分PLC梯形图的指令表程序 摘 要 造纸中，需要经过打浆、加填、施胶、调色、净化、筛选等一系列加工程序，浆的质量直接影响纸的质量。而对打浆设备的控制尤为重要。在造纸工艺中，制浆尤为重要，浆的好坏将直接影响纸的质量。如今随着工艺和设备的发展，很多造纸企业考虑到盘磨机具有一些优良特性（占地少、效率高、电耗低、操作连续），都采用了盘磨打浆机。所以对盘磨机打浆的自动控制系统的研究就变得越来越具有实际意义。 本设计以相川AWN-38型双盘磨机作为研究对象，采用PLC对盘磨机进行自动控制。通过本次设计的研究，我们可以对盘磨机的每个动作都进行远程的自动控制，并具有连锁控制功能，也能在第一时间内，通过反馈掌握盘磨机的各种动向。 采用PLC控制盘磨机，比传统的继电器的控制，有很多优点，所以对造纸厂来说，具有很大的意义 关键词：自动控制，盘磨机，PLC Abstract In papermaking, want to go through beating, loading, sizing, palette, purification, and a series of screening procedures for processing, pulp directly affect the quality of the paper quality. Beating the equipment and the control is particularly important. In the process of recycled paper, pulp and is particularly important, the quality of pulp will directly affect the quality of paper. Now with the development of technology and equipment, many companies take into account paper-millhas some good features (an area of small, high efficiency, low power consumption, continuous operation), so-mill beating the automatic control system for research It becomes increasingly practical significance. The design uses AKAIWA’s AWN-38-Double-Disc mill as a study by the PLC-mill for automatic control. Through the design of this study, we can set the mill of each action are the remote control and have the chain of control, but also the first time, the feedback through the various master-mill trends. PLC control was used mill, than the traditional relay control, there are many advantages, so the paper mill, has great significance . Key words：automatic control disc refiner PLC
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基于MCGS组态软件的水位控制系统_电气工程论文
电气工程论文 摘 要 随着全球工业的飞速发展，数据采集和实时监控技术在工农业生产和人们的日常生活中应用的越来越广泛。在液位控制系统中采用PID控制以它算法简单，被广泛应用在工业过程控制中，通过调节控制器的参数来使系统达到最佳的性能指标。 本文以THJ-2型高级过程控制系统为基础，采用PID控制方法设计建立了双容水箱的数学模型，用PID控制算法改进对水箱液位的控制，在组态软件MCGS中进行了实现，并将上位计算机与触摸屏进行连接，将在计算机上做好的组态工程下载到触摸屏上，然后把完成水位控制系统在触摸屏上的演示。实验测试结果表明，系统实现了对过程参数的无稳态误差控制，具有良好的稳态性能和动态性能。 关键词：组态监控、 液位、 MCGS 目 录 摘要…………………………………………….. ………………………………………………II 1 绪 论………………………………………………………………………………………..1 2 总体方案设计……………………………………………………………………………..3 2.1 THJ-2型高级过程控制系统系统……………………………………………………3 2.2 系统组成…………………………………………………………………………..….4 2.2.1 核心区域和外围模块区域…………………………………………………….4 2.2.2 检测装置……………………………………………………………….………4 2.2.3 执行机构…………………………………………….. ……………….…….....4 2.2.4 液位控制系统……………………………………………………………….....5 3 用MCGS实现水位监控………………………………………………………………….....6 3.1 MCGS工控组态软件简介……………………………………………………………..6 3.1.1 软件简介……………………………………………………………………….6 3.1.2 软件简介运用MCGS建立运行程序一般过程………………………………...8 3.1.3 MCGS脚本程序………………………………………………………….………9 3.2 水位检测与监控……………………………...…………………………………........9 3.2.1 水位制系统…………………………………………………….…...……….....9 3.2.2 变量定义………………………………………………………………………11 3.2.3 画面设计………………………………………………………………………12 3.3 数据显示……………………………………………………………………………..14 3.3.1 报警显示………………………………………………………………………14 3.3.2 数据报表……………………………………………………………………....14 3.3.3 曲线显示……………………………………………………………………......15 4 液位PID控制算法………………………………………………………………………16 4.1 PID控制控制理论…………………………………………………………………...16 4.1.1 PID控制简介………………………………………………………………….16 4.1.2 PID控制实现方式…………………………………………………………….20 4.1.3 PID控制方案设计…………………………………………………………….22 4.2 基于MCGS水箱水位PID控制………………………………………………………23 4.2.1 实时据库………………………………………………………………………23 4.2.2 控制画面……………………………………………………………………....24 4.2.3 算法实现………………………………………………………………………25 4.2.4 运行与调试…………………………………………………………….……...29 5 总 结…………………………………………………………………………….………..31 致 谢…………………………………………………………………………………….………32 参考文献……………………………………………………………………………………….33 Abstract With the rapid development of the global industrial, data acquisition and real-time monitoring technology in the industrial and agricultural production and people's daily lives more and more applications. In liquid level control system using PID control algorithm is simple and it has been widely used in industrial process control, through the adjustment of controller parameters to achieve the best system performance. In this paper, THJ-2-based advanced process control system based on the use of cascade PID control method designed to establish a dual-capacity water tank of the mathematical model, using PID control algorithm to improve the water tank level control, And host computer to connect with the touch screen will do the configuration on the computer to download to the touch screen works, then complete the level control system on a touch screen presentation.in the configuration software MCGS in achieving The experimental test results show that the system parameters of the process of non-steady-state error control, with good steady-state performance and dynamic performance. Keywords：Configuration monitoring; Water level; MCGS
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高精度温度测量系统_电气工程论文范文
电气工程论文 摘要：温度测量是工业、农业、国防和科研等部门最普遍的测量项目。它在工农生产、现代科学研究及高新技术开发过程中也是一个极其普遍而重要的测量参数。 温度测量在保证产品质量，提高生产效率，节约能源，安全生产，促进国民经济发展等诸多方面起到了至关重要的作用。对于一些对温度测量的精度有一定要求企业和单位来说，但如果直接去购买超高精度的温度测量仪器不仅是浪费资金，更是没有必要。所以研制和开发具有一定高精度的温度测量仪是非常有必要的。运用铂电阻和单片机来开发高精度温度测量系统在国内也是有一些单位在研发，但各单位所能达到的测温精度却有很大的差异，毕竟用单片机来开发温度测量系统，对于硬件的设计和软件编程有很高的要求。可以说，真正通过铂电阻和单片机来实现一定的测温精度并作为一个产品推出的，在国内还是相当少的。本设计的温度测量系统，测量精度可达到0.03℃，分辨率为0.001℃，可以说在国内同类产品中很少能达到这样的要求，有很好的市场价值。 关键词：温度测量；高精度；单片机 Abstract:Temperature measurement is the universal subject for industry, agriculture, Ministry of Defense, scientific research and so on. It’s also a universal and important testing parameter in the development of agriculture, modern scientific research and high and new technology. Temperature measurement plays a very important role in many aspects such as: quality assurances boost productivity, energy conservation, safety in production, promote state economic development. As to some enterprise and public institution who have certain requires for accuracy of temperature measurement, it’s nonsense and waste money to buy the high accuracy temperature measurement equipment. So is necessarily to research and develop the high quality temperature measuring set. There are some institutions in home using platinum resistor and singlechip (MCM) to research and develop high precision temperature measurement system. As the requires for hardware design and software assembler is very high, the precision result differ much. In fact there are few product that use platinum resistor and singlechip (MCM) to control ( reach) accuracy. This design for temperature measurement system is rather advance, the precision can reaches to 0.03℃, resolving capability: 0.001℃. Keywords：temperature measurement；high precision；singlechip
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某烟草公司弱电系统设计_电气工程论文范文
电气工程论文 摘 要I AbstractII 目 录III 1 绪论1 1.1 工程概述1 1.2 系统设计理念1 1.3 系统总体设计2 2 安全自动化系统4 2.1 系统概述4 2.2 系统特点5 2.3 系统设计6 2.3.1 视频监控系统6 2.3.2 防盗报警系统8 2.3.3 门禁系统9 2.3.4 电子巡更系统10 2.3.5 火灾自动报警系统10 2.3.6 应急广播与背景音乐系统11 2.3.7 消防通讯系统11 2.3.8 人防通讯系统11 3 楼宇自动化系统12 3.1 系统概述12 3.1．1 使用先进的计算机技术12 3.1．2 对机电设备进行实时监控12 3.1．3 延长机电设备使用寿命12 3.1．4 节约能源12 3.1．5 突出建筑物的现代化形象12 3.2 设备检测控制系统12 3.2．1 给排水系统设备监控13 3.2．2 通风系统设备监控13 3.2．3 电梯监视系统13 3.3 灯光控制系统13 3.3.1一般规定14 3.3.2 照明光源选择的一般原则14 3.3.3照明灯具选择的一般原则14 3.3.4 本设计光源与灯具的选择14 3.3.5 照度计算15 3.3.6 照明设计要求15 3.4能源管理系统18 4 通讯自动化系统22 4.1 综合布线系统22 4.2 综合语音交换系统22 4.3 计算机网络交换系统23 4.4 卫星有线电视系统24 5 办公自动化系统26 5.1 GPS系统26 5.2 一卡通系统27 5.3 电子会议系统28 5.4 公共显示系统29 6 其他31 6.1系统集成31 6.2电源供电系统31 6.2.1供电电源分析31 6.2.2通讯自动化系统供电31 6.2.3综合按防、楼宇自控系统供电32 6.2.4办公自动化系统供电33 6.3 防雷接地系统34 6.3.1 建筑物的防雷措施34 6.3.2 基础接地安全设计34 6.3.3 本烟草大楼的防雷接地保护措施34 6.4 管线系统35 7 结论36 致 谢37 参考文献38 摘 要 随着经济建设的发展，中国当前城市建设发展迅速，其规模之大、范围之广，均是空前的。由于建筑技术和信息技术的相互渗透结合和迅猛发展，在20世纪80年代中期产生了新的建筑类型——智能建筑。 本文通过对某烟草分公司智能化工程建设的方案设计，提出了智能化大厦弱电工程的设计思路，介绍了烟草行业在现代物流管理中信息化和智能化的发展方向，体现了对建筑智能化的系统集成和质量管理的认识。本论文共包括六章内容，分别为设计概要、安全自动化系统、楼宇自动化系统、通讯自动化系统、办公自动化系统以及其他一些弱电供电系统。 本烟草公司弱电系统设计为毕业设计，其目的是通过设计实践，综合运用所学知识，理论联系实际，锻炼独立分析和解决弱电系统工程设计问题的能力，为未来的工作奠定坚实的基础。 关键词：智能建筑、 烟草行业、自动化、弱电系统 Abstract With the development of economic construction, the construction and development of present city of China are fast, its scale big , range is wide, is unprecedented. Technique permeate the combination mutually with the information because of the building technique with fast and fierce development of building electricity technology, in 1980’s age the period the new building type-intelligent buildings turned out. This article design the plan for a branch of a Tobacco Company intelligent construction. Give the idea of intelligent building electronics construction. Introduce the developing direction of modern transportation management. Materialize the ideas for intelligent building system integration and quality management.The thesis includes six Chapters. Including Summary of design、Safety Automation System、Building Automation System 、Communication Automation System、Office Automation Systemas 、as well as a number of other weak power supply system. The tobacco company for the graduating weak systems engineering design，The purpose of this design is to give us a chance of synthetically usage of the knowledge we have learned. Besides, it can train our ability to analyze and solve practical problems in Weak systems engineering so that the theory is connected with practice and a solid base is made in favor of future work. Key Words: Intelligent Building, Tobacco Industry, Automatization, Weak system
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某宾馆建筑电气设计_电气工程论文范文
电气工程论文 摘要：本论文主要阐述了某宾馆各系统电气设计的设计依据、原则和方法及设计选择的结论。本论文共包括七章内容，前四章主要包括强电部分设计；第五章主要包括消防设计; 第六章主要包括防雷与接地系统设计。 强电部分主要内容包括：低压配电系统、照明系统及防雷接地系统的设计，其中包括负荷计算、照度计算等。消防部分主要报警系统、联动系统的设计等。 本次设计完成图纸共26幅，其中强电部分20幅，消防部分6幅，绘图采用AUTOCAD软件绘制。 本宾馆建筑电气设计作为毕业设计，其目的是通过设计实践，综合运用所学知识，理论联系实际，锻炼独立分析和解决建筑电气设计问题的能力，为未来的工作奠定坚实的基础。 关键词： 照度；消防；照明系统 Abstract:This thesis mainly explains the electrical design basis ,principle, methods and the conclusion of the design choice in each system in the design of certain Guesthouse. The thesis includes seven Chapters. previous four Chapters are mostly about the design of the forceful electric power Part ；Chapter 5 is mostly about the design of the light current and fire-fighting; Chapter 5 is mostly about the design of the rounding for lightening systematical compose. The part of the forceful electric power mainly including: the distribution system of the low voltage, lighting system and rounding for lightening systematical compose ，among others include load calculation, illumination calculation .The part of the fire-fighting mainly including:the design of the warning system and linked system etc. The design adds up to 26 electric charts. Including 20 graphics for the forceful electric power parts and 6 graphics for the fire-fighting parts. All drawn by Autocad. This Construct electricity design of the Guesthouse is a graduation design，The purpose of this design is to give us a chance of synthetical usage of the knowledge we have learned. Besides, it can train our ability to analyze and solve practical problems in Construct electricity in dependently so that the theory is connected with practice and a solid base is made in favor of future work. Key Words： Illuminance；fire-fighting；lighting system
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双电源自动转换开关的设计_电气工程论文范文
电气工程论文 摘要：随着经济的不断发展，电力质量日益受到人们的重视,供电的连续性是电力质量的重要内容。一些关键的场所如医院、炼钢厂、消防设施，都需要两路电源供电，来保持供电的连续性。针对不间断供电的需求，基于采样、比较的工作原理。对两路三相供电电压的采样，人机接口设计和电源的切换部分等硬件组成进行了详细的设计。采用结构化、模块化编程方法，用Keil C编程了采样、人机接口、自动转换等软件，实现了对电源状况的判断和双电源的自动切换。当工作电源发生过压、欠压和缺相等故障时，双电源自动转换开关完成主、备电源间转换，以保持供电的连续性。该系统具有可编程、自动化测量、LCD显示、数字通讯等功能，集数字化、智能化、网络化于一身，是双电源转换的理想产品。 关键词：双电；自动转换；智能控制 Abstract：With the development of economics, the mount of power used by enterprises has exceeded greatly the mount power system can supply. It resulted in frequently power cut and the demand for power quality and safety is more and more high. There are so many important grounds such as hospitals, steel-makers, fire-controller facilities which require two power sources to realize durative of power supply. To meet the demand for uninterrupted power supply，the developing scheme of intelligent automatic switching-over double power supply system controller using P87C591 controller as main control chip was introduced . The system includes the voltage sampling, the power sources control, the man-machine interface. It is implemented with the structure and the modular programming method, programmed with Keil C. In power service equipment，based on the working principle of sampling, comparing, running software on the P87C591 controller, the micro-controller detect the power supply state and process corresponding control. If faults such as overvoltage,undevoltage，phase loss etc, was found in the normal power, the standby power would switch by the automatic transfer switch controller. The switching between two-way powers was reliably finished automatically to ensure the continuity of power supply.It is one kind double power source module which have programmable function, the automation measures, LCD display, the numerical communication .It integrates digitization , intellectualized, network-rization , which leads to automatic measurement and control process ,and reduces an artificial operation error. It is ideal product which the double power source transforms. Keywords：double power supply；automatic switching-over； intelligent control
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倒车雷达_电气工程论文范文_电气工程论文
电气工程论文 目 录 摘 要I AbstractII 1 绪 论1 1.1选题的目的1 1.2测距现状1 1.3国内现状2 2 超声波测距4 2.1超声波测距的基本原理4 2.2超声波传感器4 2.2.1超声波传感器种类及结构4 2.2.2常用超声波传感器5 3 总体设计7 3.1探测方位7 3.2整体设计思路7 3.3系统工作流程8 4 硬件设计9 4.1单片机控制模块9 4.1.1 PIC16F716单片机内核特征9 4.1.2 TIMER1 模块12 4.2 电源模块14 4.2.1倒车灯电源输入保护电路14 4.2.2 DC-DC 降压电路14 4.2.3 7.5-5V MCU工作电源16 4.2.4 24-12V供中周驱动电源16 4.3超声波发射模块17 4.3.1测距的方案论证17 4.3.2超声波发送模块设计比较17 4.3.2 ULN2003驱动芯片18 4.4超声波接收模块20 4.4.1多路选择开关20 4.4.2接收放大滤波整形20 4.5 显示报警模块21 4.5.1 LCD显示21 4.5.2 语音报警23 5 软件设计24 5.1超声波发送接收24 5.2软件设计25 5.3程序时间分析26 6 测试与分析27 6.1超声波波束对探测目标的入射角的影响27 6.2超声波回波声强弱的影响27 6.3超声波传播速度对测距的影响27 7 结束语29 致谢30 参考文献31 附录32 摘 要 倒车雷达，又称泊车辅助系统，或称倒车电脑警示系统。它是汽车泊车或者倒车时的安全辅助装置，由超声波传感器（俗称探头）、控制器和显示器等部分组成。它能以声音或者更为直观的显示告知驾驶员周围障碍物的情况，解除了驾驶员泊车、倒车和启动车辆时前后左右探视所引起的困扰，并帮助驾驶员扫除了视野死角和视线模糊的缺陷，提高驾驶的安全性。 现在市面上的倒车雷达大多采用超声波测距原理，驾驶者在倒车时，将汽车的挡位推到R挡，启动倒车雷达，在控制器的控制下，由装置于车尾保险杠上的探头发送超声波，遇到障碍物，产生回波信号，传感器接收到回波信号后经控制器进行数据处理，从而计算出车体与障碍物之间的距离，判断出障碍物的位置，再由显示器显示距离并发出警示信号，从而使驾驶者倒车时不至于撞上障碍物。整个过程，驾驶者无须回头便可知车后的情况，使停车和倒车更容易、更安全。 本文介绍了以PIC16F716单片机为核心的一种低成本、高精度、微型化，并有数字显示和声光报警功能的倒车雷达系统。 关键词：倒车雷达；超声波测距；PIC16F716 Abstract Reversing radar, also known as the parking assist system, or reversing the computer alert system. It is car parking or reversing the safety of assistive devices, ultrasonic sensors (commonly known as the probe), the controller and display, and other components. It is more intuitive to voice or show that inform the driver of the barrier around the situation, lifting the driver's parking, and start reversing vehicles around before and after the problems caused by the visit and help the driver to remove the dead ends and vision blurred vision Deficiencies and improve driving safety. Now the market reversing radar most of the ultrasonic ranging principle, driving in reverse, the vehicle will be pushed to the Shift R block to start reversing radar, under the control of the controller, installed in the rear bumper on the probe Send ultrasound, encounter obstacles, a signal, sensors after receiving the signal controller for data processing, thereby calculate the body and the distance between the obstructions, determine the location of obstructions, and then from display Show distance and issued warning signal, so that drivers will not hit obstacles when reversing. The whole process, drivers know they do not have to turn around the situation after the car, stopping and reversing it easier and more secure. This paper introduces a low cost, high-accuracy, micro-miniaturization, digital display and acousto-optics alarm intelligent parking radar that based on MCU PIC16F716. Key words：Reversing radar；ultrasonic ranging；PIC16F716
