发布时间：2015-01-16 来源：人大经济论坛

自动化专业论文范文 摘 要 人类的生存和社会活动都与温度湿度息息相关。在人们的日常生产和生活中都离不开温度和湿度的测量。本文设计了一种简单适用的空气温度和湿度的检测器，它能精确实时的测量出空气的温度和相对湿度。其湿度范围1～100％RH，显示精度为5%RH；度温度范围为－55℃～＋150℃，显示精度为±0.5℃。 整个系统选用AT89C51作为中央处理单元，并配以外围的A/D转换电路、键盘显示电路和RS-232串口电路等基本电路构成了检测器的核心部件，并通过温度传感器DS1820和湿度传感器HM1500来采集最多16点的温湿度数据，来完成温湿度检测、实时显示、数据传输等功能。 本设计选用了嵌入式系统，结构简单、体积小、实时性好，便于实时采集环境温度和湿度。并设计了与上位机的通信接口，可接入上位机，来实现综合管理、存储数据、打印曲线及事后数据处理。经过简单的改变，可接入控制电路，成为集温湿度检测、实时显示、数据传输、温湿度自动控制为一体的温室智能控制仪。 本设计的产品不但适用于家庭，也适用于温度范围在－55℃～＋150℃内的所有场所。如：蔬菜生产的温室、工厂等。其具有结构简单、制造成本低、适用范围广、便于携带等优点。 关键字：温度传感器 湿度传感器 模/数转换器 单片机 串行通讯 Air temperature and moisture examination machine system probe unit Abstract Temperature and the moisture are indispensable to people’s existence and social activities. People cannot do without the measurement of temperature and humidity. In This article, THE author described the design of an air temperature and moisture sensor which is simple and readily available. It can be used to measure out the real time temperature and relative moisture of the air in an exact way. the scope of the of moisture ranges in 1 ~100% RH, and the manifested accuracy degree is 5% RH; The temperature scope is － 55 ℃～ +150 ℃ ,and the showed accuracy degree is the ± 0.5 ℃ . I use AT89C51 as Central Processing Element for the system, and constitute the core parts together with the basic electric circuits such as A/D converting, keyboard manifesting and RS-232 electric circuits around it. The system collects the data of temperature and humidity by the temperature sensor DS1820 and the humidity sensor HM1500 at the most the 16 places. Such functions help to complete the temperature and humidity measurement, manifestation at the real time and the date transmitting. Embedded system is used in this design which is simple in construction, small in volume, inexpensive in cost and really handful. It is convenient for collecting data about temperature and humidity at the real time. Communications interface is also intercalate to get connected with the xxx for realizing integrated management, data recording, and the printing of curve and the data processing afterwards. After simple transformation, it can be connected into the control circuits and functions as a glasshouse intelligence director which can be used to measure temperature and humidity, manifest them at the real time, transmit data, and automatically control the temperature and humidity. This product is not only applicable for family use, but also for all places with temperature ranging from － 55 ℃ to +150 ,such as Greenhouses for planting vegetables, factories etc. It has the advantages as the simplicity of construction, lowness of cost, vast range of availability and convenience for taking. Key word: temperature sensor, moisture sensor, analog-to-digital converter, Embedded Micro-Controller Unit, serially communication 目 录 第一章 绪论·1 1.1主要国家温室类型与生产方式·1 1.2生产发展趋势·1 1.3国内工厂化农业的基本现状·1 1.4温室环境要素·2 第二章 方案论证4 2.1 不同方案的比较·4 2.2 本设计中所采用的方案·5 2.3温度湿度传感器的选择·5 第三章 硬件系统设计7 3.1原理结构图·7 3.2单片机最小系统·7 3.3温度传感器15 3.4 湿度传感器21 3.5多路开关·26 3.6模拟/数字转换·28 3.7显示、键盘电路31 3.8 串行通讯接口电路38 第四章 软件系统设计·40 4.1主程序流程图40 4.2温度转换子程序流程图41 4.3湿度转换子程序流程图42 4.4温度传感器DS1820初始化流程图·43 4.5 程序清单44 总结52 参考文献53 附录1 大棚多点温湿度检测系统硬件原理图54 附录2 大棚多点温湿度检测系统软件流程图55