发布时间：2014-10-26 来源：人大经济论坛

孕期有氧健身操对妊娠及分娩的影响 摘 要 目的：观察产前有氧健身操训练对妊娠及分娩的影响。 方法：选择怀孕16 周以上无任何妊娠合并症和并发症的初产妇随机分为有氧健身操训练的实验组和没有接受训练指导的对照组各80例，通过对两组孕妇孕晚期自我感觉，分娩方式、产程、软产道损伤等情况进行比较，观察产前有氧健身操训练对妊娠及分娩的影响，为进一步开展产前健康教育、普及孕期保健操提供依据。 结果：通过对实验组与对照组孕妇孕晚期自我感觉、分娩方式、产程、软产道损伤等情况调查发现，实验组背痛、腰痛的人数明显比对照组少，自然分娩率显著高于对照组(P<0.01)，剖宫产率显著低于对照组(P<0.01)，总产程平均时间为6.06 h，显著低于对照组的8.08 h，分娩时会阴的完整度比对照组高，有显著差异(P<0.01)。会阴Ⅱ度裂伤、会阴侧切数等均比对照组低,有显著差异(P<0.01)。 结论：孕中期开展有氧健身操锻炼,增加了肌肉收缩力及关节韧带的活动度,减轻了妊娠期的不良反应,控制其体重过度增长。减少妊娠期的腿酸、背痛等症状。有助于缩短产程,提高自然分娩率,降低剖宫产率,减少软产道损伤。有氧健身操通过提肛运动、腿部运动、盘腿坐、扭动骨盆、振动骨盆等,锻炼了大腿的肌肉、骨盆底的肌肉、腰背肌肉、腹肌的肌肉,从而增强了腹肌、腰背肌、骨盆肌肉的力量和弹性,使分娩时各部位有关的肌肉能按要求全部动员起来,故能够缩短分娩时间、预防软产道损伤和产后出血。 关键词：有氧健身操 分娩 分娩阵痛 论文类型：实验性研究  Pregnancy has an impact of oxygen body building exercise over gravidity and childbirth ABSTRACT Purpose: Observes pre-natal has the oxygen gymnastic exercises training to the pregnancy and the childbirth influence. Method: The choice is pregnant above 16 weeks not to have any pregnancy complications and the complication at the beginning of parturient woman divides into stochastically has the oxygen gymnastic exercises training experimental group and has not accepted the training instruction control group each 80 examples, through is pregnant the later period self-sensation to two group of pregnant women, situations and so on childbirth way, course of childbirth, soft birth canal damage carries on the comparison, the observation pre-natal has the oxygen gymnastic exercises training to the pregnancy and the childbirth influence, for further carries out the pre-natal health education, the popularization gestation period setting-up exercises provides the basis. Finally: Through is pregnant situation investigation discoveries and so on later period self-sensation to the experimental group and the control group pregnant women, childbirth way, course of childbirth, soft birth canal damage, experimental group backache, the lumbago population are obviously less than the control group, the natural childbirth rate obviously is higher than the control group (P<0.01), splits the palace production rate obviously to be lower than the control group (P<0.01), the total course of childbirth mean time is 6.06 h, obviously is lower than the control group 8.08 h, when the childbirth the perineum integrity is higher than the control group, has the remarkable difference (P<0.01).PerineumⅡThe lacerated wound, the perineum lateral section number and so on is lower than the control group, has the remarkable difference (P<0.01). Conclusion: Is pregnant the intermediate stage development to have the oxygen gymnastic exercises exercise, increased the muscle shrinkage force and the joint ligament activity, reduced the gestation period to respond not good, controlled its body weight to grow excessively.Reduced symptoms and so on gestation period leg acid, backache.Is helpful in the reduction course of childbirth, enhances the natural childbirth rate, reduces splits the palace production rate, reduces the soft birth canal damage.Has the oxygen gymnastic exercises through to propose the anus movement, the leg department movement, sits cross-legged sits, sways from side to side the pelvis, the vibration pelvis and so on, has exercised the thigh muscle, the pelvis bottom muscle, the lumbodorsal region muscle, the abdomen myo- muscle, thus strengthened the abdomen muscle, the lumbodorsal region muscle, the pelvis muscle strength and the elasticity, causes when the childbirth various spots related muscle can according to request all to mobilize, therefore can reduce the childbirth time, prevent the soft birth canal damage and postpartum hemorrhage. Key word: Has the oxygen gymnastic exercises Childbirth Birth pains paper type: Experimental research 目 录 摘 要4 1 绪论8 1.1研究背景及意义8 1.2研究目的及目标9 1.3关键词及定义9 1.4文献回顾10 2 研究内容11 2.1研究类型11 2.2研究对象11 2.3研究方法11 2.4研究步骤12 2.5统计方法12 3 研究结果12 3.1基本情况　12 3.2孕晚期实验组与对照组孕妇自我感觉情况调查13 3.3 实验组与对照组分娩情况比较13 3.4 实验组与对照组产程时间比较13 3.5实验组与对照组软产道损伤比较13 4 讨论 14 4.1有氧健身操对孕妇自我感觉的影响14 4.2有氧健身操对孕妇分娩情况的影响14 4.3有氧健身操对孕妇产程时间的影响14 4.4有氧健身操对孕妇软产道损伤的影响15 5推论及建议15 5.1推论15 5.2建议16 6 致 谢17 参考文献18