如果中国人投票最伟大小说家——郭敬明还是曹雪芹？ [推广有奖]

　　一、不朽的马克思

　　马克思理论有不朽的内核，不管人们是否承认这一点。当然要全面论述也非易事。本文试图去繁就简，直捷明了。我们认为单凭如下几点，足以证明马克思不朽。
　　
　　其一，马克思是人类正义之魂，是人类良知的化身。他的视角和立论的基点始终是广大的弱势群体。在劳资之间的博弈中，始终为广大人民所思所谋。因此其理论有强大的正义力量。如果一个社会无视最广大的劳动人民的利益，其正义性都值得怀疑。
　　
　　其二，马克思《资本论》证明了资本主义生产必然相对过剩的规律。从而促使资本主义社会开启了改良之路。众所周知，凯恩斯理论的立论基础是有效需求不足的假设。虽然他否认师承马克思，但明眼人都知道，这是对同一事实的两种表述而已。马克思才是真正的发明人。因此我们可以断言：现在西方的全民福利制度，归功于马克思的智慧和示警。
　　
　　其三，虽然马克思从劳动价值论推导出资本家对工人掠夺。由于人们对劳动价值论的看法有分歧，致使对这一结论产生怀疑。但如果我们把劳资之间的关系置于博弈论中研究，也可以得出资本家容易对工人进行掠夺的结论。因为在这一博弈中，资方拥有绝对的优势。我们都知道，在谈判中，耐心是决胜的要素之一。而在这一博弈中，由于劳工受生计所逼迫，是不能有耐心的。而且资方还有机器替代劳力等威胁策略。从而容易迫使劳工就范。从资本主义的发展历史可知，马克思这一结论击中了资本主义的命门，使其警醒，并筹措应对策略——为劳资双方构设了讨价还价的社会制度平台，如工会、民主政制等等。资本主义也因之而改良。


本文来自: 人大经济论坛 马克思主义经济学 版，详细出处参考： https://bbs.pinggu.org/forum.php? ... amp;from^^uid=4067362

让你动点真格的你就怂了。你有什么资格让我看你指定的书，我让你看波普的科学哲学你会看吗？

我能列出一串不认同马克思经济学的著名经济学家的名字，你能列出任何一个马克思主义信徒的诺奖得主吗？

不要不学无术自欺欺人了。

哈哈哈，Ok,我了给你列文献：

Marx the economist is alive and relevant today … Marx has been reassessed, revised,
refuted and buried a thousand times but he refuses to be relegated to intellectual history. For
better or for worse, his ideas have become part of the climate of opinion within which we
all think … (I)t is a dull mind that fails to be inspired by Marx’s heroic attempt to project a
systematic general account of the ‘laws of motion’ of capitalism.
(Blaug 1997 , p. 215)

Marx theoretical starting point in economics was the labour theory of value, developed
by the classics, notably Smith and Ricardo (Smith held an ambiguous value theory
34 ). According to Marx, the value of any good is determined by the amount of
labour embodied in the productive process, measured in time; more complex, diffi -
cult or hard work can be measured as a multiple of the abstract unit “labour”, defi ned
as the average necessary social time to produce a unit of a specifi c output. This
elementary so-called reduction problem had been analyzed only in passing by Marx.
The exploitation of labour takes place in that the capitalists pay the workers only a
subsistence wage even though the workers produced output that was worth much
more than their wages. In contrast to Ricardo, Marx did not hold an absolute subsistence
theory of wages, but a subsistence theory modifi ed by the prevailing cultural
standards and habits (of clothing, housing, etc.). This more realistic approach
implies the problem of indeterminacy of the value determination (Burchardt 1997 ,
pp. 141 ff.) because the exchange value of the commodity labour now depends on
historical, moral and bargaining strength – that is, non-objective and in the strict
sense non-economic – factors.

Conclusion: Recent Contributions and Relevance
of Marxist Thought Today
One line of development of Marxist thought naturally depended on the Russian
revolution in 1917 and the transition from the civil war to a superpower. Lenin
(1870–1924) was the main theorist in this period. This more dogmatic-deterministic
interpretation of Marx found its culmination in Stalin’s (and in China in Mao Tse
Tung’s) writings. Besides the codifi cation of dogmatic Marxism, 46 there were also
relevant debates on how to organize the society and economy in a new socialist
country, how should for example the fi nancial, human and natural resources be
invested and divided among consumption and investment, etc. 47
Another debate took place in the confi nes and strategies of European social
democracy. In Germany, it was a long way from voluntaristic Marxism under prohibition
to Kautsky’s and later Bernstein’s revisionism, 48 to the Godesberger program
in the 1950s and diverse third ways at present.

See the “century report” by the realistically enlightened Marxist Hobsbawm ( 1995 ) .
46 As mentioned, the dogmatic aspect is already an undercurrent in Marx himself. It cannot be
denied that dogmatic Marxism – besides the underdevelopment of Russia and the hostile environment
after the revolution – is essentially responsible for the atrocities in the former communist
countries. See Amalrik ( 1970 ) and Courtois ( 1998 ) , the literary account by Köstler ( 1941 ) , and the
recent description of life under and after state communism by Bednarz ( 1998 ) .
47 See the reconstruction of the debates and practical policies pursued in Elleinstein ( 1975 ) , for the
mostly unknown internal communist but heterodox debates see Wolter ( 1976 ) .
48 As one of the examples for a further theoretical development see Hilderding ( 1947 ) .

Karl Raimund Popper 的书读过多次。哈哈。
算了，你想说你正确，就正确吧。
但先把我给你的文献看看吧。至于 罗默（不是写高宏的那个）的数理马克思主义，你估计就更不懂了，不说了。

William Jack Baumol父母都是美国共产党，自己也相信马克思主义；都重留人因马克思主义活动而入狱，Lawrence Robert Klein 在麦卡锡时代不得不离开美国去了牛津。例子太多，懒得详解，上面这几个也有没拿奖的，但是他们的贡献和学界评价请自己 Google scholar。
说实话，我觉得真正诺奖成果，你不一定能够读懂。比如谈谈 Market Design 中的TTC算法是个啥意思？这是12年诺奖得主的一个很大贡献。不争论了，如果你认为你对，就对吧。

看了您的主题，不打嘴仗了，相互学习。我发现您可能是做 马克思主义的。我不是，我的专业是 博弈论（GT），但对马克思主义的政治哲学观很佩服。我相信，我对西方经济学前沿的掌握肯定多于您，但是您对马克思的理解肯定深于我，只想说，作为一种社会正义理念的马克思主义，其实在西方仍有很大市场，但是作为经济理论，马克思的经济学的确不很高明，这一点我也是赞同您的看法的。

我不是专业学经济学的，你比我专业。

但是我没看出你说的这些人是马克思主义信徒。我只知道以前有个经济学家，麦卡锡时代信马克思主义，然后后来发现马克思主义是很扯蛋的经济学。
另外，由于我不是专业的，你能举出几个明确证明是马克思主义信徒的有名望的经济学家，并且大致介绍下他们的研究成果吗？因为我不是专业，所以请你把他们的中文名字列出了，我上网搜索下，看看他们是否真是马克思信徒，而且是否真取得了很高的学术成绩。
你这样笼统地说几个人，说服不了我。

既然你承认马克思主义经济学不高明，为什么又说很多诺奖得主是马克思主义信徒？
另外，虽然经济学我不专业，可是我没看出你反驳我的任何一条成立。

别瞎找辙。什么钱都可以，多少钱都随你便。问你：一元钱（世界上各国的所以货币都可以）=多少时间？

那个投票好象不是网民投的，而是让一群文、史、哲学者投的。

弄清楚再说话，好不好。