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论文山州富宁县壮族祭祖活动 摘要

      壮族是我国西南地区历史悠久、文化遗产丰富的民族之一。祭祖活动是人类信仰生活中一种极为普遍的文化现象，它源于原始社会的灵魂崇拜中图腾崇拜，是鬼神崇拜与血缘关系结合的产物。从历史记载和社会调查来看，祭祖活动这种原始的宗教观念及其行为长期保留在壮族人社会中的诸领域中，成为壮族原始宗教信仰主体部分与核心所在，至今仍作为历史遗迹和变异了的宗教的记忆，对诸多壮族人民的文化心理和社会生活依然具有较大影响。
不同族群的民间传统常常包含着该族群丰富的集体记忆,对于整个族群而言,传统节日中的集体记忆尤为重要。因为传统节日构成了族群整体性的纪念活动,族群的集体记忆在节日中以多种方式形成传统机制,同时决定着节日中的相关仪式和风俗的习惯,构成了一个族群稳固的身份认同基础。
      原始崇拜体系的形成是人类精神世界形成的标志。在云南省文山州富宁县原始崇拜体系的形成中,自然崇拜、灵魂崇拜以及祖先崇拜占据着主导地位。随着文明的发展，又演化为天、地、祖先崇拜。这直接影响了文山壮族文化精神的构建。
云南省文山州富宁县壮族的民间活动内容十分丰富，其中祖先神是壮族民间最主要的崇拜对象。壮族的祭祖活动可分为祭始祖、祭远祖、祭宗祖三种类型，其具有强烈的功利性、神圣不可侵犯性、和神秘性的特征。以及担负着传承民族文化、提供精神支柱、维系社会关系、慎终追远与民族聚合、丰富民众生活等社会功能。
关键词：文山州 ；壮族；祭祖；活动

Discuss WenShan state FuNing country about Zhuang nationality ancestor worshop action Abstract: Zhuang is China's southwestern region has a long history and rich cultural heritage of one of the nation. A place for ancestral worship is a human life of faith is universal cultural phenomenon, which stems from the soul of worship in the primitive society totem worship, is the worship of spirits and blood relationship with the product. From historical records and Social Survey, a place for ancestral worship activities such primitive religious concepts and their long-term retention of the Zhuang people in the areas of social, Zhuang become the main part of the original religious beliefs and core of the still as historical sites and mutation The religious memory, many of the Zhuang people's psychological and social and cultural life still has a greater impact.
Different ethnic groups often includes traditional ethnic wealth of the collective memory, for the entire ethnic group, traditional festivals in the collective memory is particularly important. Because the traditional festival of the ethnic composition of the whole celebration, ethnic festivals in the collective memory of the multi - Ways a traditional mechanisms, and determine the festive ceremony in the relevant customs and habits, ethnic groups constitute a solid basis for identity.
The formation of the primeva l worship is the mark of the formation of human deing spiritual world .Nature worship ,spiritual worship and ancestor worship played a leading role in the formation of Chinese nature worship system .with the development of civilization, the replacement of them by worshiping the sky. The earth and the ancestor infuenced directly the construction of Zhuang nationality cultural spirit.
Primitive worship of the human form is a spiritual world of signs. Wenshan Prefecture in Yunnan Province, Funing Xian primitive worship of the formation, nature worship, the soul of worship and ancestor worship occupy a dominant position. With the development of civilization and evolution for the day, and ancestor worship. This has directly affected the Wenshan Zhuang and cultural spirit of the building.
Yunnan Wenshan Zhuang Fu Ningxian civil activities is rich in content, including civil Zhuang ancestors God is the most important object of worship. Zhuang place for ancestral worship activities can be divided into the festival founder, Yuanzu festival, festival Zongzu three types, with a strong utilitarian, sacrosanct, and the characteristics of secrecy. Shouldered the national culture and heritage, provided the spiritual pillar, and maintaining social relations, Shen Zhong Yuan and national recovery polymerization, enrich people's lives, and other social functions.

Keywords: WenShan sate，Zhuang nationality ， ancestor worship ，action

目录

引 言.............................................................1
文献综述.............................................................1
研究方法.............................................................2
讨论与分析...........................................................2
一、富宁县壮族的生活环境.............................................2
二、富宁县壮族的祭祖活动.............................................3
2.1祭始祖........................................................3
2.2祭远祖........................................................4
2.3祭宗祖........................................................4
三、富宁县壮族祭祖活动的特性..........................................5
3.1神圣不可侵犯性.................................................5
3.2神秘性.........................................................6
3.3功利性.........................................................6
四、富宁县壮族祭祖活动的社会功能......................................6
4.1提供精神支柱...................................................7
4.2维系社会关系...................................................7
4.3传承民族文化...................................................8
4.4慎终追远.......................................................8
4.5丰富民众生活...................................................9
4.6凝聚功能.......................................................9
结论..................................................................10
参考文献............................................................. 12
后记..................................................................13

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