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Contents

Abstract..........................................................I
Key Words........................................................I
摘 要............................................................II
关键词............................................................II
Introduction.....................................................1
I. Actuality of English Learning in China........................2
II. Factors Affecting English Learning...........................3
A. The Restriction of Social Context..............................3
B. Difference between the Two Languages...........................4
C. The Goals and Motivation.......................................4
D. Phenomenon of Language Transfer................................5
Ⅲ. Distinctions between English and Chinese......................6
A. Structure.....................................................7
B. Pronunciation.................................................7
C. Vocabulary....................................................7
D. Culture.......................................................8
Ⅳ. Conditions for English Learning...............................9
A. Social Context................................................9
B. Attitudes and Motivation.......................................10
C. Native Pronunciation Condition.................................11
D. Cultural Background............................................11
Ⅴ. Creating Conditions for English Learning......................12
A. A Good Foundation of English...................................12
B. A Good Attitude to English Learning............................12
C. Using Our Available Resources..................................13
D. Cultural Communication.........................................13
E. Proper Use of Language Transfer................................13
Conclusion.........................................................15
Acknowledgements.................................................16
Bibliography.....................................................17

Abstract

A good mastery of English has become a must for all the students in China because of frequent communication between countries. It is easy for the students to get access to English. And our country lays stress on fostering English talents. But the present situation of English learning is that many people have labored on it but only to find it is a waste of time and energy. This thesis analyzes the factors affecting the English learning which are social context, the distinction between these two languages and the students’ goals and motivations. With Bernard Spolsky’s theory, the author explains the most important conditions for second language learning: social context, cultural background, exposure condition and native pronunciation condition. He insists that learners should pay special attention to language transfer and intercultural communication. Besides, a good attitude is crucial. Available resources are also of great help to create good conditions for English learning in Chinese context.

Key Words

Chinese context; conditions; second language learning; language transfer

摘 　要

由于国际间的交流日益频繁，中国学生必须很好地掌握英语这门语言。目前，学生们接触英语的机会很多，而且我们国家也花了大量的人力、物力，着重培养英语人才。然而，学生们英语学习的进展却不尽人意，许多人花了大力气学英语，最后却发现它既费时，又费力。本文主要分析了影响英语学习的重要因素：社会环境、两种语言间的差异，学生学习英语的目的与动机。根据斯波尔斯基的《第二语言学习条件》理论可知,中国学生在学习英语过程中受汉语环境的影响颇深，缺乏英语语言环境。要克服这种影响，学习者首先要注意语言的迁移作用和跨文化的交流，其次要端正学习的态度，树立可达到的目标，最后尽可能利用现有的的资源创造适合学习英语的条件。

关键词

汉语语境；第二语言学习;条件；语言迁移

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