Debugging SAS programs - A handbook of tools and techniques-经管之家官网！

At your fingertips--valuable examples that will reduce your programming time! Reading External Data Files Using SAS: Examples Handbook is packed with examples that illustrate the many common issues you face when reading external data files. Whether you need to handle a variety of input styles (list, column, formatted, and named), accommodate external file features, or use different methods for reading the data, you're sure to find examples in this book that address your coding requirements. The examples illustrate techniques that range from simple to complex, and you can easily copy, modify, and reuse them. Topics include understanding the different styles of SAS input, reading external files of different structures, reading nonstandard external files, using operating system specific features to read external files, importing external files with the Import Wizard and external file interface, and using access methods to read data. Let these examples save you time when reading external data files into SAS!
. ContentsAcknowledgments.............................................................................................................vii
To the Reader .....................................................................................................................ix
How to Use This Book .......................................................................................................xi Part 1: The Basics of Debugging Chapter 1: Understanding the Types of Errors in SAS Programs................... 3Introduction .........................................................................................................................4
What Errors Does SAS Automatically Find for Me?..........................................................4
Syntax Errors....................................................................................................................5
Semantic Errors ..............................................................................................................12
Execution-Time Errors ...................................................................................................16
Data Errors .....................................................................................................................21
What Errors Doesn’t SAS Find for Me? ...........................................................................24Chapter 2: Reading the SAS Log and Interpreting SAS Messages................ 29Introduction .......................................................................................................................30
What Does the SAS Log Contain? ....................................................................................30
Identifying the Elements of the SAS Log ......................................................................31
Understanding SAS Messages ..........................................................................................35
Interpreting Notes...........................................................................................................35
Interpreting Warning Messages......................................................................................36
Interpreting Error Messages ...........................................................................................39Part 2: Debugging Techniques Chapter 3: Debugging SAS Language Programs ............................................ 45Introduction .......................................................................................................................46
Specifying SAS Options to Find Errors in SAS DATA Steps ..........................................46
Understanding the Precedence of System Options and Data Set Options......................47
Understanding the Differences in Setting Options.........................................................48
Viewing the SAS Options Window.............................................................................50
Determining the SAS Options in Effect .........................................................................51
Selected SAS Options Useful in Analyzing DATA Steps .............................................52
Using the OBS= and NOREPLACE Options to Find Errors ............................................61
Writing SAS Language Statements to Correct Errors in DATA Steps .............................76
iv Contents Using SAS Functions and Call Routines to Correct Errors...............................................98
Using SAS Automatic Variables to Correct Errors.........................................................102
Working with the _ERROR_ Automatic Variable.......................................................104Chapter 4: Debugging SAS DATA Steps with the DATA Step Debugger..... 109Introduction .....................................................................................................................110
Using the DATA Step Debugger ....................................................................................110
Starting a Debugger Session ........................................................................................111
Stopping a Debugger Session.......................................................................................112
What Are the DATA Step Debugger Commands?.......................................................112
Examples of Using the DATA Step Debugger ...............................................................117
Customizing Debugging Commands by Saving Them in Macro Programs ...................135Chapter 5: Debugging SAS Macro Language................................................ 139Introduction .....................................................................................................................140
Understanding the Types of Errors in SAS Macro Language .........................................140
Tools for Correcting Errors in Macro Language.............................................................141
Specifying SAS Options to Find Errors in Macro Language .......................................141
Using Automatic Macro Variables to Correct Errors in SAS Programs ......................161
Using the %PUT Statement to Correct Errors in Macro Language .............................165
Specific Problems in Macro Programming .....................................................................175
Correcting Errors in the Timing of Macro Variable Resolution ..................................175 mmmv Contents Part 3: Interpreting Messages Chapter 6: Base SAS Messages ........................................................................ 207Introduction .....................................................................................................................211
Note Messages ................................................................................................................211
Warning Messages ..........................................................................................................233
Error Messages................................................................................................................239 Chapter 7: Macro Facility Messages ............................................................... 293Introduction .....................................................................................................................295
Note Messages ................................................................................................................295
Warning Messages ..........................................................................................................296
Error Messages................................................................................................................301Part 4: Appendices Appendix 1: Review of SAS Processing Concepts.......................................... 325Introduction .....................................................................................................................326
Processing SAS DATA Steps and PROC Steps...........................................................326
The Vocabulary of SAS Processing ..........................................................................327
Processing a SAS DATA Step ..................................................................................328
Processing a SAS PROC Step ...................................................................................329
Processing Macro Language ........................................................................................329Appendix 2: Creating the Data Sets Used in This Book................................ 333Creating the Data Set CORPLIB.CIRCUL .....................................................................335
Creating the Data Set CORPLIB.DISTRIB ....................................................................336
Creating the Data Set CORPLIB.EMPLOYEES ............................................................338
Creating the Data Set CORPLIB.ITEMS........................................................................339
Creating the Data Set CORPLIB.ORDERS ....................................................................342Index ................................................................................................................... 345
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