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REACH法规之纺织品应对_制药工程论文范文
制药工程论文范文 目录 中文摘要……………………………………………………………………………...I 英文摘要………………………………………………………………………….….II 目录…………………………………………………………………………….…....III 1. 绪论………….…………………………………………………………………….1 1.1 REACH出台背景…………………………………………………….………1 1.2 REACH国内现状………………………………………………………….....2 1.3 REACH基本信息…………………………………………………….……....3 1.3.3 REACH实施时间表…………………………………………….…......4 2. 我们的服务…………………………………………………………….………….5 2.1 REACH法规技术卷宗制作……………………………………………….....5 2.2 REACH符合性评估服务…………………………………………………….6 2.3 下游产品（物品）高关注度物质通报服务………………………….……7 2.4 REACH预注册服务程序……………………………………………………8 3. REACH应对策略及方法……………………………………………………........8 3.1 物质应对…………………………….………………………………............8 3.2 应对服务流程……………………………………………………………....10 4. 纺织品中五氯苯酚含量测定…………………………………………..………..15 4.1 仪器与试剂………………………………………………………………....15 4.2 样品及标准溶液指标……………………………………………………....15 4.3 气相色谱-质谱条件………………………………………………………...16 4.4 气相色谱-质谱测定及阳性结果确证………………………………….…..16 4.5 结果计算………………………………………………………………..…..16 4.6 实验结论……………………………………………………………………20 5. 总结与展望…………………………………………………………….…….…..22 致 谢………………………………………………………………………….…..23 参考文献…………………………………………………………………….………24 摘 要：本论文是欧盟2006年12月出台，2007年6月1日正式实施的《关于化学品注册、评估、授权与限制》[1]（简称REACH）法规实施背景、对国内企业的影响以及如何成功穿越REACH法规贸易壁垒的介绍；重点介绍纺织品行业的应对。我国是纺织品出口大国，纺织品出口到欧盟涉及到其中染料及其它有害成分的含量确定，确定含量后，对照法规要求，需要做评估的，就通知化学品管理局；应对方法主要是通过溯源的方法，了解面料中染料成分及成分含量；国内企业在收集相关数据方面的意识没有欧盟方面企业高，导致国内企业数据残缺不全，给REACH法规的应对造成很大困难。考虑到国内企业的现状，一方面要加强国内企业在产品数据收集方面的意识，另一方面，对于现在马上就需要应对的企业，数据又不全的，就需要联系国内的一些检测机构，对产品中的有毒有害物质进行含量检测。 关键词：REACH出台背景；国内企业现状；REACH应对策略及方法；纺织品应对。 Abstract: In this paper, it is introduced the “Registration, eva luation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals” (REACH)【2】 introduced in December 2006, June 1, 2007 in EU, background of regulations implementing, the impact on domestic enterprises and how through the trade barriers of REACH successfully; and it emphasizes the disposal of textiles. China is a big textile country textile exports to the EU of which related to dyes and other harmful components in determining to determine the content, control regulatory requirements, we need to do the assessment, notification of chemicals Authority; response primarily through means of traceability Methods, understanding fabric dye in the composition and ingredients of domestic enterprises in the collection of data related to the sense of no high-EU enterprises, domestic enterprises led to incomplete data, to the REACH regulations should cause great difficulties. Taking into account the status of domestic enterprises, domestic enterprises on the one hand to strengthen data collection products in a sense. on the other hand, is now immediately respond to the needs of enterprises which has not all the data, it is necessary to detect the content of poisonous and harmful substances in textiles. Keywords：REACH’s background; The status quo of domestic enterprises; Countermeasure for REACH; Disposal of textiles.
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年产100吨n-叔丁氧羰基羟脯氨酸的车间生产工艺设计_制药工程论文
制药工程论文范文 目 录 中文摘要............................................................. I 英文摘要............................................................ II 目录............................................................... III 1. 绪论 1.1 概述.......................................................1 2. 生产流程的确定 2.1 各种方法的比较..............................................4 3. BHO工艺合成书 3.1 设计内容....................................................6 3.2 流程简介...............................................6 3.3 生产周期的确定..............................................6 3.4 年产100吨BHO的物料衡算.....................................7 3.5 热量衡算...................................................11 4 主要设备的选型 4.1 主要设备的选型.............................................24 4.2 设备的选型.................................................25 5 工作总结 5.1 物料衡算结果...............................................26 5.2 热量衡算结果...............................................27 5.3 设备的选型.................................................28 6 三废的处理 6.1 废气处理...................................................30 6.2 废渣处理...................................................30 6.3 废液处理...................................................30 致谢................................................................31 参考文献............................................................32 摘 要：本文以文献资料和小试实验数据为依据，结合工艺设备要求，进行了年产量为100吨的N-叔丁氧羰基-4(R)-羟基-L-脯氨酸的工艺设计。通过三种工艺方法比较，确定了适宜的工艺路线。针对所选定的工艺路线,进行了物料衡算和能量衡算；对主要设备进行了设备选型，环境保护；绘制车间设备布置图。 关键词：N-叔丁氧羰基羟脯氨酸；物料衡算；能量衡算；工艺设计 Abstract: In this paper, the design on pilot-technology is based on literatures and dates of lab trail,combined with the technical equipment requirements, carried out with annual output of 100 tons of N-tert-Boutoxycarbonyl hydroxyproline in the process design.Comparison of three methods of process, determine the appropriate process route. Flow of the routes for the selected,conducted mass balance and energy balance, the main equipment of the equipment selection，environmental protection，draw the workshop equipment layout. Keywords：N-tert-Boutoxycarbonyl hydroxyproline; Material Balance; Energy Balance; Process Design
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年产1000吨对甲砜基甲苯的车间生产工艺设计_制药工程论文
制药工程论文范文 目录 中文摘要……………………………………………………………………………I 英文摘要……………………………………………………………………………II 目录…………………………………………………………………………………III 绪论………………………………………………………………………………… 1 1．前言………………………………………………………………………………2 1.1 对甲砜基甲苯的概述………………………………………………………2 1.2 对甲砜基甲苯的合成方法比较………………………………………… 3 2．对甲砜基甲苯车间工艺的设计计算……………………………………………5 2.1 设计内容……………………………………………………………………6 2.2对甲砜甲苯的生产工艺流程图的确定…………………………………… 7 2.3对甲砜基甲苯的生产周期的确定………………………………………… 7 2.4 年产1000吨对甲砜基甲苯的物料衡算……………………………………8 2.5 能量衡算……………………………………………………………………10 2.6 设备选型………………………………………………………………… 18 3．车间布置的设计……………………………………………………………… 22 3.1 设备布置原则………………………………………………………………22 3.2设备布置设计的步骤……………………………………………………… 22 3.3环境保护与安全措施……………………………………………………… 22 4. 三废处理情况……………………………………………………………………23 4.1 安全卫生与劳动保护……………………………………………………… 23 4.2车间安全措施要求………………………………………………………… 24 4.3 卫生措施…………………………………………………………………… 24 5. 讨论与结果………………………………………………………………………29 5.1 物料衡算结果……………………………………………………………… 29 5.2 能量衡算结果……………………………………………………………… 29 5.3 设备选型结果……………………………………………………………… 29 6.结论与展望……………………………………………………………………… 31 致谢…………………………………………………………………………………21 参考文献……………………………………………………………………………32 摘要：对甲砜基甲苯是一种重要的医药化工原料，其传统的制备工艺因“三废”排放较多而易造成环境污染，本设计是先用对甲苯磺酰氯为原料，先用碳酸氢钠和亚硫酸钠为还原，通过不同的甲基化试剂进行对比，最终用氯乙酸为甲基化试剂合成对甲砜基甲苯的制备方法；该设计合成工艺具有反应条件温和、操作安全、生产成本低、生产周期短、收率高、原料廉价易得、基本无“三废”排放等绿色化学特点，更适合工业化生产。编制一份年产1000吨对甲砜基甲苯生产车间的工艺设计说明书，对物料、热量、车间布置等进行研究。根据工艺特点通过物料衡算得到每一种所需原料的质量；通过热量衡算得到所需传递的热量；最后选出了甲基化反应釜、真空干燥器、离心过滤器及车间布置等方面的设计、环境保护和安全措施，最后给出了生产工艺的反应流程简图、车间布置图。 关键词：对甲砜基甲苯；对甲苯磺酰氯；物料衡算 Abstract Methyl sulfone toluene is an important chemical raw material medicine, the traditional preparation for the "three wastes" discharge more obviousness of environmental pollution, This design is the first use of tosyl chloride as raw material, first with sodium bicarbonate and sodium sulfite reduction,Methylation by different reagents were compared with chloroacetic acid as the final synthesis of a methylation reagent toluene sulfonyl Preparation;Its features is to tosyl chloride, anhydrous sodium sulfite, sodium bicarbonate, chloroacetic acid for the synthesis of raw materials; And on reaction conditions (including reagents, reaction time, reaction temperature, etc.) to improve and optimize. The new synthesis has mild reaction conditions, operational safety, low cost, short production cycle, high yield, raw materials cheaper, and basically no "three wastes" emissions such as green chemistry, it is more suitable for industrial production. The preparation of a 1000 tons of methyl sulfone toluene workshop process design specifications for materials, energy, kettle body, facility layout and other research. According to the technical characteristics of material balance obtained by each of the required quality of raw materials; through the heat balance to obtain the required heat transfer; Finally selected methylation reaction kettle, vacuum dryers, centrifugal filters and shop layout and other aspects of design, environmental protection and safety measures,given the reaction process simple production process maps, shop layout. Key words p-toluenesulfonic acid; p-toluene sulfonyl chloride; mass balance;
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白花前胡甲素水提工艺优化_制药工程论文范文
制药工程论文范文 目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目录III 1. 绪论1 1.1 白花前胡的归属1 1.2 白花前胡中所含主要化学成分及结构1 1.3 水提和超声的特点3 1.3.1 水提特点3 1.3.2 超声特点3 2. 实验部分4 2.1 仪器4 2.2 材料与试剂4 2.3 实验方法和工艺流程4 2.4 检测波长的选择5 2.5 不同因素对白花前胡甲素提取量的影响5 2.5.1 超声温度对白花前胡甲素的影响5 2.5.2 料液比对白花前胡甲素的影响6 2.5.3 超声功率对白花前胡甲素的影响6 2.5.4 超声时间对白花前胡甲素的影响7 2.6 不同因素对白花前胡甲素提取量影响的正交试验8 2.7 正交试验的验证9 3. 结果与分析9 3.1 不同因素对白花前胡甲素提取量的影响结果9 3.1.1 超声温度对白花前胡甲素的影响结果9 3.1.2 料液比对白花前胡甲素的影响结果10 3.1.3 超声功率对白花前胡甲素的影响结果11 3.1.4 超声时间对白花前胡甲素的影响结果12 3.2 不同因素对白花前胡甲素提取量影响的正交试验结果13 3.3 正交试验的验证结果15 4．总结与展望15 4.1 结论15 4.2 存在问题15 4.3 展望16 致谢17 参考文献18 附录20 摘要 本论文主要研究从常见的中草药白花前胡中，采用超声辅助的手段来获得水提白花前胡甲素的最佳工艺。通过考察，在超声辅助下提取白花前胡甲素的提取温度、超声功率、提取时间和提取剂的体积，对白花前胡甲素提取量的影响；并在这一系列的单因素试验基础上，采用正交试验法对白花前胡的超声辅助水提工艺进行优化，得出其白花前胡甲素在超声辅助下的最佳提取工艺条件为：超声温度为50℃，超声功率为176W，超声提取时间为40min，料液比为1：20。通过验证实验，表明所选工艺确实可行。 关键词 白花前胡；白花前胡甲素；超声；正交试验 Abstract A study of Chinese herbal medicine from the common Pd-Ia, the use of ultrasound-assisted means to get a prime aqueous Pd-Ia optimum. Through investigation, the ultrasonic-assisted extraction of Pd-Ia Extraction temperature, ultrasonic power, extraction time and extraction solvent volume on the Pd-Ia content of a pigment; and in this series based on single-factor test by orthogonal test method of ultrasound assisted Pd-Ia optimize the water extraction process, a hormone derived its Pd-Ia best in ultrasound-assisted extraction conditions were: ultrasonic temperature is 50 ℃, ultrasonic power 176W, extraction time of 40min, solid to liquid ratio of 1:20. Validation experiments, shows that the selection process is feasible. Key words Pd; Pd-Ia; ultrasound; orthogonal test
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超临界萃取及洋葱油抑菌活性研究_制药工程论文范文
制药工程论文范文 目 录 中文摘要...........................................................Ⅰ 英文摘要...........................................................Ⅱ 目录...............................................................Ⅲ 1.绪论..............................................................1 1.1 特点..........................................................1 1.2 组成成分......................................................1 1.3 保健功效......................................................1 1.4 超临界原理....................................................3 1.5 抑菌活性......................................................3 2.实验部分..........................................................4 2.1 实验材料......................................................4 2.2 试验方法......................................................5 3.结果与讨论........................................................7 3.1 超临界萃取....................................................7 3.2 抑菌谱........................................................8 3.3 最低抑菌浓度与最低杀菌浓度....................................9 4.总结与展望.......................................................13 致谢...............................................................14 参考文献...........................................................15 附录...............................................................16 摘要:通过利用超临界二氧化碳流体萃取技术萃取洋葱油，进而采用牛津杯法对其进行抑菌谱研究，培养基稀释法分别对各菌种进行最低抑菌浓度、最低杀菌浓度研究。从而获得洋葱油对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、酵母菌类都有明显抑菌效果，而对宁佐美曲霉、黑曲霉、红曲霉、三孢布拉氏霉菌等真菌类没有抑菌效果。分别对应金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、酵母1号的最低抑菌浓度为0.00029、0.00036、0.00065、0.000072g/ml，最低杀菌浓度为0.0014、0.00072、0.00072、0.000072g/ml。 关键词：超临界萃取；洋葱油；抑菌谱；最低抑菌浓度；最低杀菌浓度 Abstract：With using supercritical fluid carbon dioxide extraction technology ，onion oil were extracted from onion, and do the Antibacterial spectrum of research by Oxford cup method, and the medium dilution method were carried out on the bacteria minimal inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration studies. The results of onion oil on the Staphyloccocus aureus , E. coli, Bacillus subtilis, yeast have a clear inhibitory effect ,but there is no inhibition on the effect of Aspergillus usamii，Aspergillus niger,Monascus purpureus，Blakeslea trispora，respectively.Corresp- onding Staphyloccocus aureus , E. coli, Bacillus subtilis, yeast 1, the minimum inhibitory concentration for 0.00029,0.00036,0.00065，0.000072g/ ml, the minimum bactericidal concentration for 0.0014,0.00072,0.00072,0.000072 g/ ml. Key Words: Supercritical fluid extraction；Onion oil； Antibacterial spectrum； Minimum inhibitory concentration； Minimum bactericidal concentration
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三甲基氯硅烷的合成_制药工程论文范文
制药工程论文范文 目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目录III 1. 绪论1 1.1 前言1 1.2 研究现状4 1.3 课题研究意义5 2. 实验部分7 2.1 实验仪器和试剂7 2.2 实验操作步骤7 3. 结果与讨论9 3.1 氯化试剂的影响9 3.2 反应温度的影响9 3.3 反应时间的影响10 3.4 催化剂的影响11 4．总结与展望17 4.1总结17 4.2展望17 致谢18 参考文献19 摘 要：三甲基氯硅烷是重要的有机硅试剂，在色谱、有机合成和基团保护等方面都发挥着重要的作用。本论文以工业回收所得的六甲基二硅氧烷（含有43.2%甲苯）为原料合成三甲基氯硅烷，分别考察了氯化试剂PCl5、SOCl2、HCl以及反应温度、反应时间和催化剂FeCl3、CaCl2、ZnCl2等因素对反应收率的影响。实验结果表明，最佳工艺条件是以氯化氢为氯化试剂，反应温度为0~10℃，以FeCl3为催化剂反应8h时，TMCS收率为91.3%。经GC测定可知，产品纯度可达到99.5%。 关键词：工业回收；六甲基二氯硅烷；三甲基氯硅烷；三氯化铁 Abstract:Chlorotrimethylsilane was an important reagent of organosilicone,playing great part in chromatogram, organic Synthesis, protection of group and so on.This article was about the synthysis of chlorotrimethylsilane by hexemethyl disiloxane from industrial recycling(with 43.2% of toluene). And in the article,. chlorination reagent such as PCl5, SOCl2 and HCl, temperature, time and catalyst such as FeCl3, CaCl2 and ZnCl2 was tested. As the result showed, the best condition was with hydrogen chloride as chlorination reagent, FeCl3 as catalyst and reacting for 8 hours, and the yield of TMCS was about 91.3%, As the GC tested, the purity of chlorotrimethylsilane was 99.5%. Keywords: Industrial recycling; hexemethyl disiloxane; hexemethyl disiloxane; Ferric chloride
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水解动力学拆分外消旋环氧氯丙烷_制药工程论文范文
制药工程论文范文 目 录 摘要I AbstractII 目录III 1. 绪论1 1.1 手性化合物拆分方法1 1.2 获得手性环氧氯丙烷的方法4 1.3 手性(Salen)Co催化剂的合成6 1.4 论文研究内容及意义7 2. 实验部分8 2.1 实验仪器与试剂8 2.2 催化剂的合成9 3. 结果与讨论15 3.1 (Salen)Co(III)(OAc) 水解动力学拆分的研究15 3.2 催化剂的表征 23 3.3 催化剂的比较29 4．总结与展望31 4.1总结31 4.2展望31 致谢32 参考文献33 摘 要：通过对多种手性拆分方法进行比较，本文选择水解动力学拆分外消旋环氧氯丙烷。首先合成了(Salen)Co(III)(OAc)催化剂，并对催化剂进行表征，建立了快速可靠的气相色谱法来跟踪检测产物(S)-环氧氯丙烷的e.e.值（对映体过量值）。然后通过对拆分过程中e.e.值变化的跟踪分析，对反应条件进行单因素优化，发现反应在温度20℃，水用量为0.55当量，催化剂浓度为0.5mol%时，能够在10小时内得到e.e.值>99.5%的(S)-环氧氯丙烷。 合成了几种双核催化剂，[(Salen)Co(II)]2(AlCl3)、[(Salen)Co(II)]2(SnCl4)、 [(Salen)Co(II)]2(SnCl2)、 [(Salen)Co(II)]2(ZnCl2)和[(Salen)Co(II)]2(FeCl3),并对催化剂进行表征。通过对不同Salen催化剂存在下的水解动力学实验研究，发现[(Salen)Co(II)]2(FeCl3)和[(Salen)Co(II)]2(ZnCl2)催化效果非常好，在得到的较优条件下反应，能够在10小时内得到e.e.值>99.5%的(S)-环氧氯丙烷。 关键词：水解动力学拆分；Salen催化剂；环氧氯丙烷 Abstract:Compared with many methods reported, the hydrolytic kinetic resolution (HKR) was choosed to resolute the racemic epichlorohydrin. Firstly, the (Salen)Co(III)(OAc) catalyst was synthesized and was characterized by IR. The e.e. (enantiomeric excess) of the (S)-epichlorohydrin was determined by GC analysis. Secondly, the optimization of the condition was investigated through the mono-factor’s experiment. Under the condition that the temperature was 20℃, the water was 0.55 equivalent, and the concentration of the catalyst was 0.5mol%, the e.e. of the (S)-epichlorohydrin would over 99.5% within 10 hours . Some new kinds of Salen catalysts were synthesized, such as [(Salen)Co(II)]2(AlCl3), [(Salen)Co(II)]2(SnCl4), [(Salen)Co(II)]2(SnCl2), [(Salen)Co(II)]2(ZnCl2) and [(Salen)Co(II)]2(FeCl3). Through the comparative research on hydrolytic kinetic experiments with different Salen catalysts, [(Salen)Co(II)]2(ZnCl2) and [(Salen)Co(II)]2(FeCl3) were good catalyses. Using these two catalysts, with good condition, (S)-epichlorohydrin whose enantiomeric excess value was over 99.5% in 10 hours was got. Keywords: Hydrolytic kinetic resolution; Salen catalyst; racemic epichlorohydrin
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茶皂素的纯化与分析测定_制药工程论文范文
制药工程论文范文 目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目录III 1. 绪论1 1.1 概述1 1.2 茶皂素的理化特性1 1.3 茶皂素的实际用途1 1.3.1 茶皂素的溶血作用及鱼毒作用1 1.3.2 茶皂素在医药上的应用2 1.3.3 工业上的应用2-3 1.3.4 农业上的应用3 2. 实验部分4 2.1 试剂与仪器4 2.1.1 实验材料4 2.1.2 主要试剂4 2.1.3 主要仪器设备4 2.2 实验步骤5 2.2.1实验中溶液的准备5 2.2.2含量80%粗提取物的精制5 2.2.3供试品溶液的配制5-6 2.2.4操作条件6-7 2.2.5含量的测定7-10 3. 结果与讨论10 3.1 精制过程中PH和温度的控制 10 3.2 讨论10-12 4．总结与展望12 4.1 实验总结12 4.2 展望12-13 致谢14 参考文献15 摘要：本文综述了茶皂素的性质、提取精制及油茶皂素定量方法的研究，并总结了当前茶皂素研究中最值得进一步研究的问题。对粗茶皂素的提取纯化工艺进行了研究。以质量分数为70％的粗茶皂素为原料，经2％ NaOH溶解、盐酸酸析、95％ 乙醇溶解、丙酮沉析工艺得到精制茶皂素。研究了用反相高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定茶皂素含量的方法，以Hewlett Packard ODS Hypersil 5 微米，125×4毫米不锈钢柱作分析柱，以甲醇作流动相，流速控制在0.5mL／min，检测波长276nm。通过反相高效液相色谱法测定经过精制后的茶皂素的含量为97.6709％。 关键词：反向高效液相色谱；茶皂素；提取纯化 Abstract：This paper summarizes the development of the property, extraction and purification, and quantitative determination of tea saponin. Besides, issues needing further study were indicated .A simple purification method for crude tea saponin was described. The 70%of crude tea saponin was dissolved in 2% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and precipitated by adding 20% hydrochloric acid. The deposit was dissolved with 95%ethanol, and the acetone was added to the ethanol solution to make the tea saponin to be precipitated. A reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for determination of tea saponin extracted from tea-seed pancake with Soxhlet was studied. With the column Hewlett Packard ODS Hypersil (5μm 125mm*4mm)and mobile phase methanol at flow-rate of 0.5 ml/min. The recovery rate of tea saponin was 97.6709% Key words：reverse-phase high perform ance liquid chromat0graphy;tea saponin; purification
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芳基硼酸衍生物的合成研究_制药工程论文范文
制药工程论文范文 摘 要：本文首先介绍了各种取代基苯硼酸的合成进展与应用研究，展望了其发展趋势，然后对对位取代基苯硼酸的制备及工艺改进进行了研究，重点研究和改进了对叔丁基苯硼酸的制备工艺，从而确定了它的优化合成条件。应用正交设计实验分析法对影响对叔丁基苯硼酸产率的诸因素如反应时间、反应温度和反应物的物质的量比进行了分析，确定了在影响对叔丁基苯硼酸产率的因素中，影响最大的为反应温度，其余依次为反应时间和反应物的物质的量比，确定优化合成条件为：亲核取代温度为-20℃，反应物质对溴叔丁基苯与硼酸三甲酯的物质的量之比为1/1.5，反应时间为140 min，总产率高达69.5%；此外还应用质谱和高效液相色谱对目标产品进行了分析表征，结果表明所得产物与目标产物结构一致。 关键词：对叔丁基苯硼酸；合成；表征 目录 绪论…………………………………………………………………………………1 1.1前言……………………………………………………………………………1 1.2概述……………………………………………………………………………1 1.2.1取代基苯硼酸的应用现状……………………………………………1 1.2.2取代芳环硼酸化合物的合成方法……………………………………5 1.2.3取代基苯硼酸的前景展望……………………………………………10 1.2.4格氏试剂法反应机理的研究…………………………………………11 1.3小结……………………………………………………………………………14 2.实验部分……………………………………………………………………………15 2.1实验仪器、试剂及预处理……………………………………………………15 2.1.1实验仪器………………………………………………………………15 2.1.2实验试剂………………………………………………………………15 2.1.3主要试剂的预处理……………………………………………………15 2.2合成路线………………………………………………………………………17 2.3对叔丁基苯硼酸的合成步骤…………………………………………………17 3.结果与讨论…………………………………………………………………………19 3.1对叔丁基苯硼酸的表征和含量检测…………………………………………19 3.2对叔丁基苯硼酸的合成条件的研究…………………………………………21 3.2.1溶剂对产率的影响……………………………………………………21 3.2.2反应时间对产率的影响………………………………………………21 3.2.3反应问对对产率的影响………………………………………………22 3.2.4金属镁对产率的影响…………………………………………………23 3.2.5水解后处理对产率的影响……………………………………………23 3.3影响对叔丁基苯硼酸的合成产率因素的正交实验分析…………………24 3.4小结…………………………………………………………………………26 4.总结与展望…………………………………………………………………………27 致 谢…………………………………………………………………………………28 参考文献………………………………………………………………………………29 附录……………………………………………………………………………………32 Abstract: This article reviewed the synthesis and the application of benzene boric acid's s, and introduced its trend of development. Then we conducted the research of the o-position substituting group of benzene boric acid's and improved its technics, studied and improved the relative substituent benzene boric acid’s preparation craft, thus has determined the respective optimized synthesis condition. The article used orthogonal design experiment analytic method to analysis various factors like reaction time, the reaction temperature and the reactant material quantity to compared with the relative substituent benzene boric acid production rate’s affections, it had determined that among the relative substituent benzene boric acid’s production rate affect factors, what affected biggest was the reaction temperature, other were in turn the reaction time and the reactant material quantity ratio, the determination optimization synthesis condition are: The pro-nucleophilic substitution temperature for - 20℃, reactant confrontation bromine relative substituent benzene and the trimethyl borate material's ratio of quantity was 1/1.5, the reaction time was 140 min, the overall yield reaches as high as 69.5%; In addition, the article had also analysis the goal produce with the mass spectrum and the highly effective liquid chromatography, finally indicated that the obtained product was consistent with the goal product structure.. … Keywords：4-tert-Butylphenylboronic acid; Synthesis;Characterization
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超临界CO2萃取洋葱油工艺优化与中试放大试验_制药工程论文
制药工程论文范文 目录 中文摘要.I 英文摘要II 目录..III～IV 绪论..1 概述.1 洋葱油的性质..1 洋葱油的保健疗效.2 超临界萃取原理及特点3 萃取原理.3 萃取特点.3 超临界萃取技术的应用4 在食品方面的应用..4 在医药保健品方面的应用..5 在化工方面的应用..5 在生物工程方面的应用.6 材料与方法..7 2.1 材料与试剂.7 2.2 仪器.7 2.3 实验装置及工艺流程..7 2.3.1 超临界二氧化碳萃取洋葱油的研究7 2.3.2 超临界二氧化碳萃取洋葱油中试放大试验的研究8 2.4 方法.8 2.4.1 超临界二氧化碳流体萃取洋葱油..9 2.4.1.1 单因素试验.9 2.4.1.2 超临界萃取工艺条件的优化..9 2.4.2 中试放大试验研究..9 2.4.3 萃取物后处理及洋葱油得率.. 9～10 3．结果与讨论..11 3.1 单因素试验结果与分析..11 3.1.1 萃取压力对洋葱油得率的影响11 3.1.2 萃取温度对洋葱油得率的影响..11～12 3.1.3 萃取时间对洋葱油得率的影响..12～13 3.1.4 夹带剂用量对洋葱油得率的影响.13 3.2 超临界二氧化碳流体萃取洋葱油的最佳工艺参数的确定.14 3.3 中试放大试验研究的结果14 3.4 结论..14～15 4．总结与展望.16 4.1 实验总结..16 4.2 展望..16～17 致谢.18 参考文献19 摘 要：洋葱具有辛辣风味，是东西方饮食中一种重要的日常调味用蔬菜。洋葱具有杀灭多种病菌，抗动脉硬化，降血压、血脂及防治冠心病的功能。洋葱油主要成分为硫化物，是鲜洋葱的辛辣成分，也是洋葱的主要活性成分；洋葱油进行适当包埋处理后，将是一种很有开发应用价值的保健品。 而本试验通过采用超临界CO2萃取技术对洋葱中的洋葱油进行萃取，着重探讨了萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间以及夹带剂用量等重要参数对洋葱油得率的影响，通过试验，确定了超临界CO2技术萃取洋葱油的最佳工艺参数为萃取压力20MPa，萃取温度40℃、萃取时间240min、夹带剂用量为15%。同时，利用这些最优参数对洋葱油进行中试放大试验，所取得的洋葱油得率可达到0.489%，结果与小试试验所得到的结果相近。 关键词：超临界，二氧化碳，萃取，洋葱油，中试 Abstract: Onion (Allium cepa L) is an important flavoring that commands universal application as seasonings with vegetables in East daily diet. The onion can be used to kill a variety of bacteria, fight against arteriosclerosis, hypertensive, hyperlipemia and coronary heart disease. Sulfur compounds is the main component in onion oil, the spicy ingredient in fresh onion, the major active ingredient in onion; Onion will be a health products that has great value of development and application after the process of appropriate embedding. The experiment on extraction of onion oil with supercritical carbon dioxide was carried out. The influences of operating pressure, operating temperature, operating time, entrainer and other important parameters on the yields of onion oil were studied. Through experiments, the best parameter of extraction of onion oil with SC-CO2 extraction technology was ascertained. The optimal parameters were that extracting pressure, 20MPa; extracting temperature, 40℃; extracting time, 240min; 15% anhydrous ethanol. Meanwhile, the pilot scale experiment at this condition was carried out, the yield of onion oil could be 0.489%. The result was same as the ones of bench scale. Key Words: Supercritical; Dioxide carbon; Extraction; Onion oil; Pilot scale
