制药工程论文范文 目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目录III 1. 绪论1 1.1 前言1 1.2 研究现状1 2. 实验部分5 2.1 实验仪器和试剂5 2.1.1 实验仪器5 2.1.2 实验试剂5 2.2 实验操作步骤5 3. 结果与讨论8 3.1 正交实验方案设计8 3.2 实验结果数据处理9 4.总结与展望12 4.1 总结12 4.2 展望12 致谢14 参考文献15 摘要:氟哌酸是第三代喹诺酮类抗菌药物的优秀代表之一, 它的合成路线有很多种,而以形成硼螯合物的方法倍受关注。中间体(1-乙基-6-氟-7-氯-1,4-二氢-4-氧代-喹啉-3-羧酸-O3O4)-二-(乙酸-O)-硼与哌嗪的缩合反应是氟哌酸生产工艺中的关键步骤。本论文用正交试验法对氟哌酸缩哌反应条件进行了优化设计。通过考察缩哌反应的反应温度、反应时间、反应物的配料比和溶剂的用量等四种因素,用L16(44)正交试验筛选得出该反应的最佳工艺条件为:反应温度70℃,反应时间6h,无水哌嗪:螯合物摩尔比=4:1,溶剂使用量甲苯:DMF质量比=50:20。 关键词:氟哌酸;无水哌嗪;缩合;正交设计 Abstract: Norfloxacin is one of the outstanding representatives of the third generation of quinolone antibiotics,and there are a good deal of methods for synthesizing it. Forming boride is the most useful method. Piperazine condensation of intermediate (1-ethyl-6-fluoride-7-chloro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo- quinoline-3-carboxylic acid-O3O4)-bis-(acetate-O)-boron is a crucial step in norfloxacin production. Optimizing the best conditions of piperazine condensation by orthogonal test. Reaction temperature, time, reactant mixture ratio and the amount of solvent were discussed. The best condition of piperazine condensation was investigated by L16(44) orthogonal design. At the temperature of 70℃, 6 hours, molar ratio of anhydrous piperazine : chelate complex = 4:1, dosage of solvents toluene : DMF = 50 : 20 by mass ratio are the best conditions. Key words: Norfloxacin; Anhydrous piperazine; Condensation; Orthogonal design
制药工程论文范文 Ⅱ 目录 中文摘要……………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ 英文摘要……………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ 目录…………………………………………………………………………………Ⅲ 1.绪论………………………………………………………………………………1 2.实验部分…………………………………………………………………………2 2.1 样品、仪器和试剂…………………………………………………………2 2.1.1 样品…………………………………………………………………2 2.1.2 主要仪器和设备……………………………………………………2 2.1.3试剂…………………………………………………………………2 2.2 实验方法……………………………………………………………………2 2.2.1 色谱条件……………………………………………………………2 2.2.2 样品溶液的制备……………………………………………………2 2.2.3 样品分析……………………………………………………………2 2.2.4 重复性实验…………………………………………………………2 3 结果与讨论………………………………………………………………………3 3.1 色谱条件法的确定…………………………………………………………3 3.1.1 检测波长的考察……………………………………………………3 3.1.2 流动相体系的考察…………………………………………………8 3.1.3 小结…………………………………………………………………10 3.2 样品溶液的制备……………………………………………………………10 3.2.1 提取溶剂的考察……………………………………………………10 3.2.2 提取方式的考察……………………………………………………13 3.3 重复性考察…………………………………………………………………14 3.4 样品分析……………………………………………………………………16 4结论与建议………………………………………………………………………20 致谢…………………………………………………………………………………22 参考文献……………………………………………………………………………23 摘要: 本论文主要研究用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)建立乌药茎、直根及块根的指纹图谱。分别考察了检测波长、流动相、样品提取溶剂及提取方式对乌药指纹图谱的影响,实验结果表明:检测波长在235nm时出峰最多;流动相为乙腈-水(56:44,v/v)时,能比较好的体现指纹图谱整体性的特点;提取溶剂为无水乙醇效果较好;提取方式为加热回流时提取效果较优。根据上述实验结果,初步建立了乌药茎、直根及块根的指纹图谱。 关键词: 乌药;指纹图谱;HPLC Abstract:In the dissertation, we established the fingerprints of Lindera aggregata stem and root by HPLC. In our research, we found that detection wavelength, mobile phase, solvent and extraction method were main facters in the fingerprints of Lindera aggregate. The conditiongs of HPLC were optimized. Lindera aggregata was refluxed in ethanol. The spectra appears more comprehensive in wavelength of 235 nm. It could reflect the fingerprints better while acetonitrile-water(56:44 v/v) was used. According to the conditions, we initially established the fingerprints of Lindera aggregata stem and root. KeyWords:Lindera aggregata; fingerprint;HPLC
制药工程论文范文 目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目 录III 1 绪 论1 1.1 黄酮的基本概述1 1.1.1 黄酮类化合物的定义1 1.1.2 黄酮类化合物的分类1 1.1.3 黄酮类化合物的分布1 1.2 黄酮的性质2 1.2.1 理化性质2 1.2.2 鉴别反应2 1.3 黄酮的药理活性3 1.3.1 心血管系统活性3 1.3.2 抗菌及抗病毒活性3 1.3.3 抗肿瘤活性3 1.3.4 抗氧化自由基活性3 1.3.5 抗炎、镇痛活性4 1.3.6 保肝活性4 1.4 黄酮的提取方法4 1.4.1 水提法4 1.4.2 有机萃取法4 1.4.3 超声辅助法4 1.4.4 微波提取5 1.4.5 超临界流体提取法5 1.4.6 大孔树脂法5 1.4.7 酶法6 1.5 黄酮类化合物的抗氧化作用机理6 1.5.1 自由基的产生6 1.5.2 清除自由基的途径7 1.5.3 测定抗氧化剂清除自由基能力的方法7 1.6 蒲公英的简介9 2 实验部分11 2.1 主要原料、试剂及仪器11 2.2 实验步骤12 2.2.1 最优条件下提取蒲公英黄酮12 2.2.2 总黄酮含量测定12 2.2.3 超氧阴离子自由基(O2-·)清除能力测定13 2.2.4 DPPH自由基清除法13 2.2.5 羟自由基Fenton反应比色法14 2.2.6 对过氧化氢的消除能力15 3 实验结果与讨论16 3.1 标准曲线的绘制16 3.2 最佳提取条件16 3.3 超氧阴离子自由基(O2-·)清除法16 3.4 DPPH自由基清除法17 3.5 羟自由基Fenton反应比色法17 3.6 对过氧化氢的消除能力18 4 总结与展望19 致 谢20 参考文献21 摘 要:黄酮广泛存在于自然界的某些植物和浆果中,是一种很强的抗氧剂,可有效清除体内的氧自由基。实验以58%乙醇为提取剂,在65℃、料液比1:20的最优条件下对黄酮进行提取,每次提取52min。选用超氧阴离子自由基清除法、DPPH自由基清除法、羟自由基Fenton反应比色法以及对过氧化氢的消除能力四种常用的体外抗氧化活性评价方法,以维生素C(VC)作为阳性对照,对蒲公英中黄酮的抗氧化活性进行了全面的比较分析。结果表明,蒲公英黄酮对上述自由基均有一定的清除作用,但清除能力存在一定的差异。黄酮的添加量在实验范围内与其抗氧化活性呈正相关。结论:蒲公英黄酮具有明显的体外抗氧化活性。 关键词:蒲公英;黄酮;提取;抗氧化活性;清除自由基 Abstract: The flavonoids which is a strong antioxidants widely is found in certain plants and berries in nature. It can effectively remove the internal oxygen free radicals. Taraxacrm mongolicum Hand.-Mazz were carried out under optimum extraction conditions which is ethanol solvent 58%, 65℃, ratio of material to liquid 1:20, 52min each time. Four eva luation methods of antioxidants in vitro such as superoxide anion radical scavenging method, DPPH·method, colorimetric reaction of hydroxyl free radical in Fenton and the elimination of hydrogen peroxide were used to eva luate the antioxidant activities of extracts of flavonoids in Taraxacrm mongolicum Hand.-Mazz while the VC were used as positive control. The results showed that the flavonoids in Taraxacrm mongolicum Hand.-Mazz had some scavenging ability on all radical, but there are some differences clearance. The amount of flavonoids in Taraxacrm mongolicum Hand.-Mazz used was in direct proportion to the antioxidation. Conclusion: The flavonoids in Taraxacrm mongolicum Hand.-Mazz had remarkable in vitro antioxidant activity. Keywords: Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz; Flavonoids; Extraction; Antioxidant activity; Scavenging free radicals
制药工程论文范文 目录 中文摘要 ..........................................................I 英文摘要.......................................................... II 目录 ........................................................... III 1. 绪论 ...........................................................1 1.1 引言 .......................................................1 1.2 茶皂素的主要提取方法 ........................................2 1.2.1 正丁醇萃取法 ........................................2 1.2.2 重结晶法 ............................................2 1.2.3 吸附法 ..............................................2 1.2.4 聚酰胺柱层析法 ......................................3 1.2.5 硅胶柱层析 ..........................................3 1.2.6 离子交换树脂法 ......................................3 1.2.7 絮凝剂法.............................................3 1.2.8 超滤膜法.............................................3 1.2.9 大孔树脂法...........................................4 1.3 皂甙的主要结构鉴定方法.......................................4 2. 实验部分.........................................................5 2.1 试剂与仪器...................................................5 2.1.1 材料..................................................5 2.1.2 主要试剂...............................................5 2.1.3 主要仪器设备...........................................5 2.2 实验步骤....................................................... 6 2.2.1 大孔吸附树脂的预处理..................................6 2.2.2 大孔吸附树脂的再生................................... 6 2.2.3 大孔吸附树脂吸附..................................... 6 2.2.4 高效液相色谱分析..................................... 6 3. 结果与讨论.......................................................7 3.1 影响茶皂素收率的因素分析.....................................7 3.1.1 乙醇浓度对茶皂素的收率的影响..........................7 3.1.2 吸附次数的影响........................................7 3.1.3 过柱吸附速度的影响....................................8 3.1.4 吸附过程最佳工艺参数的确定............................9 3.2 茶皂素含量分析.............................................. 9 3.3 讨论........................................................ 9 4. 总结与展望..................................................... 10 致谢...............................................................12 参考文献...........................................................13 摘 要:油茶是山茶科植物属植物油,我国是世界上油茶籽产量最大、品种最多的国家。油茶籽饼中含有丰富的三萜皂甙。油茶皂甙是一种良好的表面活性剂,有较好的洗涤效果,耐高浓度电解质能力也较好,乳化、起泡、抗静电能力都比较强,可用于碳酸饮料的发泡剂、高级洗涤剂、灭火剂、乳化剂;油茶皂甙还有良好的药用价值,具有溶血、消炎、祛痰、抗真菌、抗突变的作用。本论文对从茶粉末中提取茶皂素的生产工艺进行研究,对影响茶皂素收率的因素进行了分析讨论,优化纯化提取工艺。并用高效液相色谱仪对茶皂素的含量进行定量分析。得含量为94%。 关键词:油茶籽饼;茶皂素 ;提取;高效液相色谱 Abstract:Camellia is a vegetable oil, which is the world's largest varieties camellia oil in China. Triterpenoid Saponins is rich in camellia oil cake. Camellia Saponin is a good surfactant, a better washing effect of high concentrations of electrolyte resistance ability to better emulsification, foaming, anti-static capacity than the stronger of carbonated drinks can be used to foam, senior scullery agents, fire extinguishing agent, emulsifier,the medicinal value of Saponin are good with hemolytic, anti-inflammatory, expectorant, anti-fungal, anti-mutation effect. In this paper, study the production process of Tea Saponin extracting from the tea saponin, and discuss the impact of yield factors and optimize the extraction and purification. The quantitative analysis of Tea Saporin by reverse phase HPLC is taken.The results shown content is 94%. Keywords:Camellia oil;Tea Saponin;Extract;HPLC
制药工程论文范文 目 录 中文摘要 ………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ 英文摘要 ………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ 目录 …………………………………………………………………………………… Ⅲ 1. 绪论 …………………………………………………………………………………1 1.1引言……………………………………………………………………………1 1.2文献综述 ……………………………………………………………………1 1.2.1理化性质 ………………………………………………………………1 1.2.2合成路线 ………………………………………………………………1 1.2.3合成氟哌酸的关键中间体及其分析 …………………………………3 2. 实验部分 ……………………………………………………………………………6 2.1 仪器和试剂 …………………………………………………………………6 2.2 试样 …………………………………………………………………………6 2.3色谱分析条件初定……………………………………………………………6 2.4 实验试剂配制 ………………………………………………………………7 2.4.1 缓冲溶液配制………………………………………………………… 7 2.4.2 样品溶液配制………………………………………………………… 7 2.5 实验步骤 …………………………………………………………………… 7 2.5.1 液相色谱操作 …………………………………………………………7 2.5.2 流动相的选择 …………………………………………………………8 3. 结果与讨论 …………………………………………………………………………9 3.1 7-氯-6-氟-1,4-二氢-4-氧喹啉-3-羧酸乙酯(环合物) ………………9 3.1.1 流动相的选择…………………………………………………………10 3.1.2 讨论确定色谱分离条件………………………………………………11 3.2 1-乙基-7-氯-6-氟-1,4-二氢-4-氧喹啉-3-羧酸乙酯(乙基物) ……11 3.2.1 流动相的选择…………………………………………………………11 3.2.2 讨论确定色谱分离条件………………………………………………13 3.3 硼鳌合物 ……………………………………………………………………14 3.3.1 流动相的选择…………………………………………………………14 3.3.2 讨论确定色谱分离条件………………………………………………16 4. 总结与展望 ……………………………………………………………………… 18 致谢 ……………………………………………………………………………………20 参考文献 ………………………………………………………………………………21 摘 要:氟哌酸是一种具有广谱抗菌活性的药物,它的合成路线有很多种,而以形成硼鳌合物的方法倍受关注。本文主要对合成氟哌酸的关键中间体 7-氯-6-氟-1,4-二氢-4-氧喹啉-3-羧酸乙酯(环合物)、1-乙基-7-氯-6-氟-1,4-二氢-4-氧喹啉-3-羧酸乙酯(乙基物)和硼鳌合物进行分析。从它们的理化性质入手,分析确定它们的分析方法和分析条件,确定采用高效液相色谱法对各关键中间体进行分析,最终建立它们的分析条件。 结果表明,在常温下,以十八烷基-硅胶柱进行分离,流速设定为1.0ml/min,紫外检测波长为254nm的条件下,环合物选用甲醇和0.02mol/L的柠檬酸缓冲液以80:20的比例作为流动相得到了很好的分离,分离度为1.556;乙基物选用乙腈和0.005mol/L的磷酸二氢钾缓冲液以55:45的比例得到了很好的分析,分离度为1.523;而硼鳌合物选用乙腈和0.005mol/L的磷酸二氢钾缓冲液以60:40的比例得到了很好的分离,分离度为1.612。 关键词:氟哌酸;硼鳌合物;高效液相色谱法 Abstracts: Norfloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, and there are a good deal of methods for synthesizing it. However, forming boride is the most important method. And this paper mainly analyses 4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quino-carboxylic ethylic ester; 1-ethyl-7-chlo-6-fluoro- 1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quino- carboxylic ethylic ester and boride which are the crucial intermediates for synthesizing Norfloxacin . Firstly to learn their physical-chemic characters, then to insure their analytical methods with High Performance Liquid Chromatography and to select analytical conditions . As a result, at normal atmospheric temperature on an ODS (150*6.0mm) column, at a flow-rate of 1ml/min, and monitored by ultraviolet detection, detected at 254nm, using methanol and 0.02mol/L lemon acid with the proportion of 80 and 20 as mobile phase, the 4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quino-carboxylic ethylic ester can be separated with the resolution of 1.556; using acetonitrile and 0.005mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate with the proportion of 55 and 45 as mobile phase , the 1-ethyl-7-chlo-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quino- carboxylic ethylic ester can be separated with the resolution of 1.523; and using acetonitrile and 0.005mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate with the proportion of 60 and 40 as mobile phase, the boride can be separated with the resolution of 1.612. Key words: Norfloxacin; Boride; High Performance Liquid Chromatography
制药工程论文范文 目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目录III 1. 绪论1 1.1 类黄酮的定义1 1.2 理化性质.....................................................1 1.2.1通性....................................................1 1.2.2黄酮类化合物的鉴别与结构测定............................2 1.3 黄酮类物质在医学,食疗保健和食品工业中的应用价值.............7 1.4黄酮类物质的抗氧化性......................................8 2. 实验部分...........................................................11 2.1 实验内容.....................................................11 2.2 实验方法.....................................................12 2.2.1还原力..................................................12 2.2.2 超氧阴离子自由基........................................13 2.2.3 羟基自由基的生成和清除实验..............................14 3. 结果与讨论...........................................................16 3.1 实验数据.......................................................16 3.1.1还原力....................................................16 3.1.2 超氧阴离子自由基.........................................18 3.1.3 羟基自由基的生成和清除实验...............................21 3.2 数据结论........................................................23 4.总结与展望............................................................24 3.1 实验总结........................................................24 3.2 实验展望........................................................24 致谢.....................................................................25 参考文献.................................................................26 摘要:类黄酮是一类天然的酚类化合物,以C6-C3-C6基本构造,分为黄酮(Flavone)、黄酮醇(Flavonols)、异黄酮、黄烷酮、原花色素、查儿酮。他是植物合成的一种次生代谢产物,它以结合态(黄酮苷)或自由态(黄酮苷元)形式存在于蔬菜和茶叶等许多食源性植物中.目前已知化学结构的有6000多种。近年来由于发现黄酮类化合物具有人体保健与疾病治疗功能受到普遍重视, 如类黄酮可软化血管、抗癌、抗氧化及消除体内自由基等。类黄酮系天然存在于蔬菜、水果、茶叶及葡萄酒等饮料中的多酚抗氧化剂。 本次实验以桑色素(morin),柚皮素(naringenin)和白杨黄素(chrysin)为研究对象,利用还原力, 超氧阴离子自由基和羟基自由基础的生成和清除抗氧化模型,研究类黄酮化合物的抗氧化活性。 关键词:类黄酮;抗氧化性;吸光度 Abstract:Flavonoids are a group of more than 6000 polyphenolic compounds that occur naturally in foods of plant origin. These compounds possess a common phenylbenzopyrone structure (C6-C3-C6), and they are categorized according to the saturation level and opening of the central pyranring, into flavonesflavanols, isoflavones, flavonols, flavanones, and flavanonols. It’s a phytosynthesis secondary metabolite, existing in vegetables, tea and many other food-borne plants in the form of its bond (flavonoids glycoside) or free state (flavonoids million). In recent years, the discovery flavonoids with human health and disease treatment of functional are to be universal. Flavonoids might soften the blood vessel, had the anticancer, antioxidant activities and eliminated free radical.Flavonoids are the natural polyphenol antioxidants in drink, vegetables, fruit, tea and grape wine. In this paper, morin, naringenin and chrysin are researched antioxidant activity, using the reducing power, superoxide anion radical and hydroxyl radical models. Keywords:Flavonoid; Antioxygenation; Absorbance
制药工程论文范文 目 录 中文摘要 ……………………………………………………………………………………… I 英文摘要 ………………………………………………………………………………………II 目录 …………………………………………………………………………………………III 1. 绪论 1.1 卡宾的研究背景概述 ………………………………………………………………… 1 1.2 咪唑鎓盐的研究概况 ………………………………………………………………… 2 1.2.1 咪唑或类似物的N-烃基取代法 ………………………………………………… 2 1.2.2 一步环合法 ………………………………………………………………………3 1.2.3 二步环合法 ……………………………………………………………………… 4 2. 实验部分 2.1 实验仪器 ……………………………………………………………………………… 6 2.2 试剂及原料 …………………………………………………………………………… 6 2.3.1 乙二醛-二(2,6-二乙基苯基)亚胺的合成……………………………………7 2.3.2 乙二醛-二(2,6-二乙基苯基)亚胺与氯甲基乙基醚的环化…………………7 2.4 1,3-二叔丁基咪唑鎓盐的合成 2.4.1 乙二醛-二叔丁基亚胺的合成 ……………………………………………………8 2.4.2 乙二醛-二叔丁基亚胺与氯甲基乙基醚的环化 …………………………………8 3. 结果与讨论 3.1 中间体亚胺的合成 …………………………………………………………………… 9 3.2 咪唑鎓盐的合成……………………………………………………………………… 11 4. 总结与展望 ……………………………………………………………………………… 12 致谢…………………………………………………………………………………………… 13 参考文献 …………………………………………………………………………………… 14 摘要:本文对N-杂环卡宾的研究发展和N-杂环卡宾的合成前体物——各种咪唑鎓盐的制备方法及特点等进行了文献综述;对以乙二醛、有机伯胺和氯甲基乙基醚为原料两步合成各种N-烃基取代的咪唑鎓盐的方法的通用性进行了探索性研究;以2,6-二乙基苯胺和叔丁基胺等为原料分别成功地制备得到了1,3-二(2,6-二乙基苯基)咪唑鎓氯化物(盐)和1,3-二叔丁基咪唑鎓氯化物(盐)等目标产物;对以上合成产物进行了结构鉴定。 关键词:N-杂环卡宾;1,3-二烃基咪唑鎓盐;合成 Abstract: This article provides an review of the development of the N-heterocyclic carbenes and as the precursors of the N-heterocyclic carbenes the preparation and characteristics of some 1,3-disubstituted imidazolium salts are mentioned as well. The general property of the synthetic method is researched that comprises a two-step process for preparation of 1,3-dialkylimidazolium salts from glyoxal, organic primary amines and chloromethyl ethyl ether. Starting from 2,6-diethylaniline, tert-butylamine, 1,3-bis-(2,6-diethylphenyl)imidazolium chloride and 1,3-bis-tert-butylimidazolium chloride are obtained successfully; and their structures are characterized respectively. Keywords: N-heterocyclic carbenes; 1,3-dialkylimidazolium salts; Synthesis
制药工程论文范文 目 录 中文摘要………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ 英文摘要……………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ 目录…………………………………………………………………………………Ⅲ 1绪论………………………………………………………………………………1 1.1引言……………………………………………………………………1 1.2 硫酸软骨素的结构与性质………………………………………………2 1.2.1 结构……………………………………………………………………2 1.2.2理化性质………………………………………………………………2 1.3 鲨软骨粘多糖的应用……………………………………………………2 1.4 提取路线分析……………………………………………………………3 1.4.1 酶水解法……………………………………………………………3 1.4.2 碱提取法……………………………………………………………4 1.4.3 稀碱和酶结合法……………………………………………………4 1.5 提纯路线分析………………………………………………………………5 1.5.1 盐沉淀法……………………………………………………………5 1.5.2 利用电离性质分离法………………………………………………5 1.5.3 凝胶过滤色谱分离法………………………………………………5 1.5.4 电泳分离法…………………………………………………………5 1.5.5 超滤膜分离法………………………………………………………6 2实验部分…………………………………………………………………………7 2.1 原料,试剂与仪器…………………………………………………………7 2.1.1原料…………………………………………………………………7 2.1.2试剂…………………………………………………………………7 2.1.3仪器…………………………………………………………………7 2.2 实验流程……………………………………………………………………8 2.3 实验方案……………………………………………………………………8 2.3.1 原料预处理…………………………………………………………8 2.3.2 碱解…………………………………………………………………8 2.3.3 酶解…………………………………………………………………8 2.3.4 醇析…………………………………………………………………8 2.3.5 精制…………………………………………………………………9 2.3.6 产品检测……………………………………………………………9 3 结果与讨论…………………………………………………………………………10 3.1 碱解因素对产物的影响……………………………………………………10 3.2 酶解因素对实验结果的影响………………………………………………11 3.2.1 酶用量的彭响………………………………………………………11 3.2.2 酶解时间的影响……………………………………………………12 3.2.3 温度的影响 ………………………………………………………12 3.3 三氯乙酸对产物的影响……………………………………………………13 3.4 醇析条件对产物的影响……………………………………………………14 3.5 精制条件对产物的影响……………………………………………………14 3.6 产品表征……………………………………………………………………14 4 总结与展望………………………………………………………………………16 致谢…………………………………………………………………………………17 参考文献……………………………………………………………………………18 摘要:以鲨鱼软骨为原料,采用碱液提取,中性蛋白酶水解,三氯乙酸沉淀蛋白酶,乙醇沉淀粘多糖的工艺,提取了硫酸软骨素。研究了水解鲨鱼软骨的工艺参数,通过正交实验获得中性蛋白酶水解鲨鱼软骨提取硫酸软骨素的最优条件,结果表明,从鲨鱼软骨中提取硫酸软骨素的最佳工艺条件为:用质量浓度2%的NaOH溶液60oC下提取6h.再用质量浓度2%的NaOH溶液提取3h,提取液加人鲨鱼软骨量质量分数1.0%的中性蛋白酶,40-50oC水解4h,用三氯乙酸沉淀蛋白质,加入4-5倍体积的体积浓度96%的乙醇沉淀,在最佳条件下平均提取率为20.1%。产品为白色粉末。 关键词:粘多糖;硫酸软骨素 ;提取;纯化 Abstract:In this paper, the Shark cartilage was chosed as the raw material. The technology of the extraction with sodium hydroxide, the hydrolization with dispase, the precipitation of proteinum with trichloroacetic acid and the precipitation of mucoitin with ethanol were mainly studied. The optima conditions of the extraction of chondroitin sulfate were determined by orthogonal experiments in this paper. The result shows that the most suitable and proper conditions of the extraction of chondroitin sulfate from Shark cartilage were as following : soaked with 2%NaOH for 6 hours at 60oC first, then soaked with 2%NaOH of the first for 3 hours. And then 1.0% dispase were added to the extracts for hydrolization at 40-50oC for 4 hours. The proteinum was precipitated with trichloroacetic acid, and then 4-5 times volume of 96% ethanol were added for the precipitation of mucoitin. The average extraction ratio was 32.2%,and the product was white powder. Keyword:mucoitin; chondroitin sulfate; extraction; purification
制药工程论文范文 目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 1 绪论1 1.1 前言1 1.2 硫酸锰的基本特性2 1.2.1 硫酸锰的结构性质2 1.2.2 硫酸锰的反应原理2 1.2.3 工艺路线的选择3 1.3 本章小结4 2 实验部分5 2.1 实验所需仪器及试剂5 2.1.1 原料和试剂5 2.1.2 仪器和设备5 2.2 工艺流程6 2.2.1 熟化和浸取7 2.2.2 除杂7 2.2.3 除胶体杂质8 2.2.4 结晶8 2.2.5 脱水干燥9 2.3 原料与产品分析9 2.3.1 锰矿中二氧化锰含量测定9 2.3.2 产品中硫酸锰含量测定9 2.4 鉴别试验10 2.4.1 锰离子的鉴别10 2.4.2 硫酸根离子的鉴别10 3.4.3 硫酸锰含量的测定10 2.4.4 分析步骤11 2.5 细度的测定11 2.5.1 仪器和设备11 2.5.2 分析步骤11 2.6 本章小结12 3 结果与讨论13 3.1 产物影响因素的分析讨论13 3.1.1 酸度对产物浸取率的影响13 3.1.2 二氧化锰对产物浸取率的影响14 3.1.3 二硫化铁对产物浸取率的影响14 3.1.4 温度对产物浸取率的影响15 3.2 原料与产品分析的讨论16 3.2.1 锰矿中二氧化锰含量测定16 3.2.2 硫酸锰含量测定分析17 3.2.3 细度的测定分析讨论17 3.3 本章小结18 4 结论与展望19 4.1 结论19 4.2 未来与展望19 致 谢21 参考文献22 摘 要:本论文选取3条工艺路线进行比较:(1)锰矿湿法制硫酸锰;(2)用对锰矿进行硫酸盐化处理;(3)用硫铁矿对锰矿进行硫酸盐化处理,实验采用直接用浓硫酸熟化锰矿、硫铁矿混合物的工艺,与其它方法比较有以下优点: 既降低了原材料的消耗,又避开了高温操作条件;同时利用低度锰矿,又提高了产出率.与传统的两矿法比较,它又具有节能和提高产率的特点.实验考虑了温度、酸度、二硫化铁、二氧化锰、矿粒直径的变化对产物硫酸锰的影响,并且得到在反应温度:92 oC;反应时间:2.5小时;常压;搅拌器转速:50r/min;二氧化锰:34.8g;二硫化铁:6.4g;硫酸:20mL;水若干的条件下得到的浸取率最高为88.7%. 关键词:浓硫酸;硫酸锰;熟化;浸取率 英文摘要 Abstract: This paper selected three routes to compared : (1) Using the method of Manganese wet to prepare manganese sulfate; (2)The treatment of manganese sulfate treated the manganese by SO2 ;(3)Using Pyrite to make a sulfate treatment to manganese. This experiment Used the technology of maturated manganese by concentrated sulfuric acid and mixture the pyrite.Compared with other methods, this technology has the following advantages : It not only reduces the consumption of raw materials, and also avoids the high temperature operating conditions; using low-grade manganese ore, can improve the productivity rate. Compared With the traditional two mining law, it have the characteristics of energy-efficient and improve the rate of production. This experiment considered the impact of temperature, acidity, two iron sulfide, manganese dioxide, the mine tablets changes in the diameter of manganese sulfate product. And we have get that when the reaction temperature was to be 920C, and reaction time was to be 2.5 hours; and the atmospheric pressure ,the agitator’s speed was to be 50r/min; and manganese Dioxide : 34.8g; two iron sulfide : 6.4g; Sulfate : 20mL,we can get the highest extraction rate 88.7%. Keywords:Sulfuric acid; Manganese Sulfate; Maturation; Leaching rate
制药工程论文范文 目 录 中文摘要Ⅰ 英文摘要Ⅱ 目录Ⅲ 绪论1 1.1 引言1 1.2 研究现状1 1.3 研究方法2 2. 实验部分4 2.1 量化计算应用4 2.1.1量化软件介绍4 2.1.2 Chemoffice4 2.1.3 HyperChem5 2.1.4 主要计算方法6 2.2 (Salen)Co(Ⅲ)的量子化学研究.7 2.2.1 (Salen)Co(Ⅲ)催化水解动力学拆分的机理7 2.2.2 (Salen)Co(Ⅲ)的量子化模型及计算10 2.2.3 (Salen)Co(Ⅲ)活化环氧氯丙烷的理论计算10 2.2.4 (Salen)Co(Ⅲ)活化水分子的理论计算11 结果与讨论13 3.1 计算结果13 3.2 能级轨道和收率的关系16 结论和展望19 致谢20 参考文献21 摘 要: 构造了11种不同结构的(Salen)Co(Ⅲ)催化剂,采用HyperChem软件对其前线轨道能级进行了计算,将计算结果与其催化水解动力学拆分环氧氯丙烷反应所得的活性数据相比较,研究不同平衡离子的(Salen)Co(Ⅲ)催化剂的微观结构(EHOMO)和催化活性(反应速率)之间的关系,对(Salen)Co(Ⅲ)催化剂的EHOMO和反应时间的数值拟合,建立了相应的构效关系式,发现(Salen)Co(Ⅲ)催化剂的EHOMO越低,其催化活性越高,且呈一定的线性关系。 关键词:(Salen)Co(Ⅲ)催化剂;量子化学;轨道能级;理论研究 Abstract: Constructed 11 different configuration of (Salen)Co(III) activator,used the HyperChem software to calculate the frontier orbital energy, then compared the result with the date of hydrolytic kinetic resolution (HKR),investigated the relationship between the EHOMO and the reaction time with the different configuration of (Salen)Co(III) activator, it was found that there was excellent linear correlation between catalytic activity and frontier orbital energy, if the EHOMO was lower, the recation time was more. Keywords:(Salen)Co(III) Catalyst; Quantum chemistry; Orbital energy; Theory investigation