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某冶金机修厂供电系统设计_电气工程论文范文
电气工程论文 目录 摘要II AbstractIII 1.前 言1 2.设计原始材料2 3.负荷计算及无功补偿6 3.1全厂负荷统计6 3.2无功功率补偿的计算8 4.选择总变电所变压器台数及其容量10 4.1总变电所变压器台数的选择10 4.2总变电所变压器容量的选择10 4.3总变电所主线的设计10 4.4拟定总变电所供电系统图11 5.短路电流计算12 5.1短路电流计算的目的及方法12 5.2短路电流的计算12 6. 车间变电所的设计及高低压设备选择15 6.1 车间变电所所址的选择15 6.1.1车间变电所所址选择的要求15 6.1.2车间变电所的总体布置及要求15 6.2车间变电所的接线16 6.3车间变电所变压器的选择18 6.4高、低压设备选择19 6.4.1高压电气设备的选择及校验条件19 6.4.2低压电气设备的选择及校验条件22 7.变电所高压进出线的选择24 7.1 35KV高压进线的选择24 7.2 主变压器至6KV母线电缆的选择25 7.3 6KV母线到车间变压器的电缆选择25 7.4高压母线的选择26 8.继电保护设置27 8.1主变压器的继电保护27 8.1.1装设瓦斯保护28 8.1.2装设反时限过流保护28 8.1.3装设电流速断保护28 9.防雷与接地设计29 9.1 变电所防雷29 9.2雷电侵入波的防护30 9.3电容器的保护30 9.4接地装置的设计30 9.4.1车间低压系统的接地保护30 9.4.2公共接地装置的设计30 总 结32 致 谢33 参考文献34 附录 系统主接线图35 摘要 本毕业设计为XXXXXXXX学院2005级电气工程及其自动化专业（本科）毕业设计，设计题目为：某冶金机修厂供电系统设计。此设计任务旨在体现对本专业各科知识的掌握程度，培养对本专业各科知识进行综合运用的能力，同时检验本专业学习四年以来的学习结果。 本设计首先通过负荷计算及供电范围确定了主变压器台数，容量及型号，同时也确定了车间变压器的容量及型号，最后，根据最大持续工作电流及短路计算的计算结果，对高压断路器，隔离开关，母线，电压互感器，电流互感器进行了选型，采用并联电容器进行低压集中补偿，对变压器进行过电流，电流速断，瓦斯保护，按第三类防雷建筑物设防，采用强弱电联合接地系统对建筑物进行保护。并根据设计的结线方式得出供电系统主接线图，从而完成了供电系统的设计。 关键词：供电系统设计；变压器；断路器 Abstract The graduation project for the 2005 Zhejiang University of Science and Technology of electrical engineerings and automation (undergraduate) design, the subject of the: design is: The design of power supply system for metallurgical machinery plants. This task of the design is to reflect on the professional degree of subject knowledge,to train on the comprehensive use of subject knowledge ,to test the professional learning since a four-year learning outcomes. at the same time. The design at first calculated through the load and supply area to determine the number, capacity and model of the main transformer, as well as determine the capacity and the model of the workshop transformer, and finally, in accordance with maximum sustained short-circuit current calculation and the calculation of the results of high-voltage circuit breakers, isolation switch, busbar, voltage transformer, current transformer for the selection, use of shunt capacitor compensation to focus on low-voltage, over-current of the transformer, the current off-speed, gas protection, lightning protection of buildings by the third type of security using strong or weak electrical grounding system of the joint protection of buildings. And draw the wiring diagram of the power supply system according to the design of wiring methods in order to complete the design of power supply system. Keywords：design of power supply system ; transformer; circuit breaker
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多功能电机保护器的设计_电气工程论文范文
电气工程论文 目录 摘要Ⅰ AbstractⅡ 1 绪论1 1.1 课题的提出依据和意义1 1.2 电动机保护技术的发展及其研究现状2 1.3 本文研究的主要内容4 2 电动机故障特征分析及保护判据5 2.1 电动机分类概述5 2.2 短路故障特征分析及保护判据5 2.3 堵转故障特征分析及保护判据6 2.4 断相故障特征分析及保护判据6 2.5 过载故障特征分析及保护判据7 2.5.1 电动机温升特性7 2.5.2 电动机反时限过载保护特性8 2.6 欠压和过压故障特征分析及保护判据9 2.6.1 欠压保护9 2.6.2 过压保护9 3 电信号采样及有关算法10 3.1 采样定理10 3.2 信号采样测量方法的比较10 3.3 信号处理算法10 4 电动机保护装置的硬件电路设计12 4.1 单片机（PIC16F877）接口电路设计13 4.1.1 单片机选用依据13 4.1.2 接口电路14 4.2 电压/电流采样及其调理电路设计14 4.3 电源模块设计15 4.4 液晶显示模块设计16 4.4.1 液晶模块接口说明17 4.4.2 液晶显示电路17 4.5 故障报警和保护动作执行电路设计18 4.6 片外存储器扩展电路设计19 4.7 按键电路设计20 5 多功能电机综合保护器的软件设计22 5.1 主程序的设计22 5.2 工作状态的程序设计23 5.3 AD采样子程序24 5.4 设置状态程序设计26 5.5 液晶显示27 6 系统抗干扰设计30 6.1 硬件抗干扰设计30 6.2 RC低通滤波器设计30 6.3 隔离抗干扰技术30 6.4 印刷电路板抗干扰措施32 7 结论34 致 谢35 主要参考文献：36 附录 系统原理图及PCB图37 摘要 电动机在运行中经常会由于使用不当而引发各种故障，造成电动机损坏，影响经济生产。多功能电动机综合保护器能够根据负载电流判断线路中的各种故障并及时进行保护，最大限度的减少经济损失。本文在分析了目前国内外电动机保护器的研究进展与现状的基础上，设计了一种以PIC16F877单片机为控制核心，集短路、堵转、断相、过载、过压和欠压等故障保护于一体的多功能电机综合保护器。 本文首先对电动机的相间短路、堵转、断相、过载、过压和欠压等常见电气故障进行了详细分析，并结合PIC16F877单片机的功能特点，提出了可靠性高、实施性强的故障保护实现方法。控制核心采用PIC16F877单片机，其AD转换接口用于输入电机电压、电流采样，结构紧凑，与现有电机综合保护仪相比，增加了动态液晶显示驱动电路用于显示各种信息等功能。 根据文中提出的各类故障保护实现方法，设计并实现了电动机保护装置完整的硬件电路，给出了保护装置完整的系统软件实现方案。 关键词 ：三相电机保护器; 单片机; 保护特性 Abstract The production process are broken frequently due to the motor in operation are damaged, which is caused by abnormally running conditions. The intelligent motor protectors can be used, which will protect the abnormally running motors from damage, to minimize the malfunction time and reduce the economic losses. In this paper, a single-chip microcomputer, PIC16F877, based intelligent motor protector with functions of short-circuit protection，locked motor protection，phrase failure protection ,the overload protection ,over-voltage protection and under-voltage protection is designed on the basis of analyzing the development and status quo of motor protectors in the world. In this thesis, the detailed analysis applied symmetrical component method of motor’s familiar electric fault on that a high-reliability implemental method of motor’s fault protection is provided according to the features of PIC16F877 microprocessor. The system is provided with A/D conversion interface used to sampling the input current of the motor and the structure is compact. Compared with the protection instrument for motor nowadays, this system increases functions such as dynamic LCD screen driven circuit to display different information. According to the implemental method of motor’s fault protection the entire circuit diagrams are designed and the system software structure been easy to implement. Keywords：Three-phrase motor protection; Single chip microcomputer; protection characteristic
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弹簧拉力测试仪硬件设计_电气工程论文范文
电气工程论文 摘 要 利用弹簧的拉力作用做成的卷线装置在我们日常生活中较为常见，如牵狗绳、吸尘器卷线装置等等。弹簧拉力关系到这些产品的性能和质量，需要进行检测。论文讨论了弹簧检测的原理，设计了弹簧拉力测试硬件系统。设计出基于松下(Fp∑-c32)PLC、Proface触摸屏(GP37W2)， 力传感器FAB-80、放大器、AD转换器、步进电机构成的弹簧拉力测试系统。通过触摸屏的操作可进行参数设置，实现对各种功能的控制，同时还能通过触摸屏显示测试结果和对系统当前运行状态进行实时的监控。 关键词： 弹簧拉力，PLC，触摸屏，步进电机 目 录 摘要 ………………………………………………………………………………………… I Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………… Ⅱ 前 言 …………………………………………………………………………………… 1 课题的目的和意义………………………………………………………………… 1 弹簧测试的现状及发展趋势……………………………………………………… 1 课题研究的主要内容……………………………………………………………2 系统总体设计方案 …………………………………………………………………… 4 系统硬件设计 ………………………………………………………………………… 7 电动机选择………………………………………………………………………… 7 放大器设计………………………………………………………………………… 9 OP07应用简介……………………………………………………………… 9 OP07管脚介绍……………………………………………………… 9 OP07接线介绍……………………………………………………9 传感器选择……………………………………………………………………… 11 步进电机驱动器………………………………………………………………… 14 3.4.1 HB202M特点……………………………………………………………… 14 3.4.2 硬件连接…………………………………………………………………… 15 3.4.3 安装尺寸………………………………………………………………… 15 A/D转换单元 ………………………………………………………………………16 PLC…………………………………………………………………………………19 PLC控制器概述……………………………………………………………19 3.6.2 FP∑-C32的特点……………………………………………………………19 3.6.3 FP∑-c32硬件介绍……………………………………………………………20 3.6.4 FP∑-c32输入输出端子的电路连接…………………………………………22 触摸屏 …………………………………………………………………………… 22 3.7.1 触摸屏的工作原理及类型……………………………………………………22 3.7.2 触摸屏接线……………………………………………………………………23 结束语 ……………………………………………………………………………………24 致谢 …………………………………………………………………………………………25 参考文献 …………………………………………………………………………………26 Abstract The role of the use of spring tension device volumes made in our lives, the more common, such as a dog lead rope, cleaners, etc. device volumes. Spring tension related to the products performance and quality, the need for testing. Paper discussed the principle of detecting spring, spring tension is designed to test the hardware system. Designed based on the Panasonic (FpΣ-c32) PLC, Proface touch screen (GP37W2), force sensors FAB-80, amplifiers, AD converters, consisting of stepper motor test system spring tension. Operation through the touch-screen parameters can be set up to achieve the control of various functions, but also through the touch screen display the test results and the status of currently running on the system for real-time monitoring. Key words: spring tension, PLC, touch screen, step motor
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某住宅小区供配电系统设计_电气工程论文范文
电气工程论文 摘 要 随着人类社会的进步与发展，社会生活逐渐向机械化智能化发展，随之带来的能源需求也越发增大，尤其是电力能源的需求已经成为生活工作中无法忽视的关键因素。电力是应用最广泛、最方便、最清洁的一种二次能源。当今常规电力主要是由一次能源，以及水能、核能、风能、地热能、太阳能、海洋能等新能源和可再生能源通过发电设备转换而成，再经过传输、变电和配电系统送达用户消费。电力工业属于公共事业，是国民经济重要的基础产业。 目前，小区式的住宅方式已经在城市中得到普及，电能的安全稳定供应成为人们工作生活得以正常持续的基础，因此供配电系统设计，应着眼于安全、可靠、优质、经济的基本要求，立足于节能、低碳和可持续发展的理念，符合人们高品质的物质文化需求。 本设计首先对该住宅小区进行负荷计算，选择相应的变压器台数和容量，从而确定其具体的供电系统。再对其初选的系统进行相应的短路计算和高低压设备的选择及校验，选择和校验高低压线路，简单地进行继电保护和接地防雷保护设置的说明。最后得出具体的该住宅小区供电系统的线路图。 关键词：供配电；负荷计算；变压器；短路电流；开关柜 目 录 摘要…………………………………………………………………………………………………...…………..Ⅱ 1 绪论……………………………………………………………………………………………..1 1.1 概述……………………………………..……………….……...………………..….……1 1.2 设计意义……………………………………..…….………………………….…….........1 1.3 设计内容…………………………………………...…………………………………..…1 1.4 研究的方法与技术路线…………………………………...………..……………………2 1.4.1研究方法……………………………………….…………………………….…….2 1.4.2技术路线………………………………………….………………….…………….2 2 设计原始资料………………………………...…..…………………..…..…………………...3 2.1 工程概况………………………………...……………...………………………..….……3 2.2 负荷统计表………………………………...…………...……………………….……......3 2.3 供用电协议………………………………...…………..…………………………………4 2.4 水文气象条件…………………………………...…………..……………………………4 3 供电系统负荷统计………………………………………...………………………………...5 3.1 供配电系统设计的规范要点………………………………...……...…………..….……5 3.2 电力负荷的分类和分级…………………………………………...…...……….……......5 3.2.1一级负荷……………………………………………………...……………………5 3.2.2二级负荷……………………………………………………….…………………..5 3.2.3三级负荷……………………………………………………….…………………..5 3.2.4负荷统计……………………………………………………….…………………..5 3.3 负荷计算方法的选择及其计算…………………………………………...………......…6 3.3.1负荷计算方法的选择……………………………………………….……………..6 3.3.2负荷计算所需公式………………………………………………….……………..6 3.3.3各级负荷的计算…………………………………………………….……………..8 3.4 计算负荷的校验………………………………………………………………...………10 4 变压器的选择……………………………………………………………...………………...11 4.1 变压器类型的选择………………………………...…………………………...….……11 4.2 变压器台数与容量选择…………………………………...………………….….…......11 4.2.1变压器台数选择原理…………………………….…...………………………….11 4.2.2变压器台数的选择……………………………………………….……………....12 4.2.3变压器容量选择的基本原理…………………………………….……………....12 4.2.4变压器容量…………………………………………………….………………....12 4.3 无功功率补偿装置的选择…………………………...…………………………………13 4.4 10kV侧的功率损耗………………………………………………………..……………14 4.4.1变压器功率损耗……………………………………….…………………..……..14 4.4.2电缆的功率损耗……………………………………….…………………………15 5 系统主接线及馈电回路分布方式…………...…………………………………………..17 5.1 系统主接线………………………………………………………………...……………17 5.2 变馈电回路分布………………………………………………………………...………18 6 短路电流计算……………………………………………………………………….….……19 6.1 短路电流计算方法的选择………………………………………...……………………19 6.2 短路电流计算…………………………………………………………...………………19 6.2.1两台变压器分列运行情况下的短路电流………………………….……..……..20 6.2.2两台变压器并联运行情况下的短路电流………………………….……...…….22 7 高低压设备的选择及校验………………………………………………………………...24 7.1 高压设备选择的原则…………………………………...………………………………24 7.2 低压电器选择的原则………………………………………...…………………………24 7.3 高压开关柜的型号选择…………………………………………...……………………24 7.3.1高压进线开关柜的选择……………………………………….…………………25 7.3.2高压出线开关柜的选择………………………………………….……………....25 7.4 各部分高压开关的选择与校验……………………………………………...…………26 7.4.110kV侧进线开关柜设备的选择与校验………………………………………….26 7.4.210kV侧出线开关柜设备的选择与校验……………………………………….....27 7.5 380V低压开关柜的选择………………………………………………….….................27 7.6 380V低压开关柜设备的选择与校验…………………………………………………..28 7.7 各部分导线和电缆截面的选择与校验……………………………………...…………28 7.7.110kV高压架空线的选择与校验……………………………………………….....28 7.7.210kV高压电缆的选择与校验…………………………………………..………...29 7.7.310kV侧高压母线的选择与校验……………………………………..…………...30 7.7.4380V侧低压母线的选择与校验…………………………………..……………...31 8 继电保护……………………………………………………………………………………...32 8.1 10kV架空线路保护装设原则………………………………………………………...…32 8.2 整定保护计算与继电器的选择……………………………….......……………………32 9 防雷与接地保护………………………………………………...……………...…………...34 9.1 防雷保护………………………………………………………………………...………34 9.2 变电所公共接地装置的设计………………………………………………………...…35 9.2.1接地电阻的要求……………………………………………………………….....35 9.2.2接地装置的设计………………………………………………………………….35 9.2.3校验接地装置的短路热效应………………………………………………….....36 10 总结……………………………………………………………………………………..……37 致谢………………………………………………………………………………………….........38 参考文献………………………………………………………………………………………...39 Abstract With the progress and development of human society, social activities are developing into mechanization and intelligence gradually. So the energy demands are increasing, especially the demand of the electrical energy which has already been the critical factors in our daily life. Electric power is one of the easiest, cleanest and the most widely used secondary energy source. Today the conventional power is converted from the primary energy, renewable energy and new energy, such as water power, nuclear energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, solar energy and ocean energy through the generating equipments, then it can be consumed through the system of electricity transmission, electricity transformation and power distribution. Electric power industry belongs to the public utility. It is an important basic industry in the national economy. Recently, the residential area is very common in cities. The safety supply of electrical power should be the foundation of normal work life. Thus the power supply system design should be focused on the safety, the economy, the high quality and reliability, based on the ideas of energy-saving, low carbon and sustainable development, and conformed to the high-quality material and cultural needs. Firstly, this design load calculates the residence community, then chooses the sets and the capacity of the transformers appropriately, thereby that specific power supply system can be ensured. Secondly the first system is short circuit calculated, and then the high-voltage device and lines are chosen and calibrated, also the relay protection and the grounding lightning protection setting will be stated simply. Finally the specific power supply system wiring diagram will be reached. Keywords：power supply；load calculation；transformers；short circuit calculate；switch cabinet
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数码相机的控制系统设计_电气工程论文范文
电气工程论文 目 录 摘 要I AbstractII 1．引言1 1.1 数码相机发展历史1 1.2控制系统的历史、现状和趋势1 1.3 DSP的历史、现状和趋势2 2. 自动对焦原理3 2.1自动对焦历史及现状3 2.2自动对焦控制原理5 2.3本论文的研究内容9 3．系统硬件的构成10 3.1 DSP系统设计10 3.1.1 DSP系统简介11 3.1.2 DSP芯片及其简介12 3.1.3 DSP系统电路设计16 3.1.4步进电机硬件设计20 3.2 CMOS图像传感器21 3.2.1 CMOS图像传感器简介22 3.2.2 CMOS图像传感器OV762027 3.2.3 CMOS图像传感器电路设计28 4．软件设计30 4.1 整体软件设计30 4.2 自动对焦软件设计32 4.3 步进电机驱动软件设计33 5. 总 结36 致 谢37 参考文献38 摘 要 数码相机的出现是现代通信、计算机产业、照相产业高速发展的产物。随着电信、计算机产品的普及和家庭化，数码相机的应用领域也日益广泛。数码相机像素多少、曝光方式、附加功能等一直是我们选购数码相机时主要关注点，为满足用户越来越高的要求数码相机的控制系统也不断在发展。 本系统的设计从硬件和软件两方面进行研究设计。硬件方面要完成原理图的设计，器件的选型，控制电路、驱动电路、隔离电路等模块的设计；软件方面要研究图象聚焦的数学模型，聚焦控制策略的选择，驱动电机等模块的软件设计。硬件电路采用Protel软件设计原理图；软件编写系统流程图和各模块流程图。 关键字：数码相机；控制系统；DSP Abstract The appearance of digital cameras is the product of a modern communications and computer industries, the rapid development of photographic products industry. With the universalling of the telecommunications, computer products，digital cameras can be applicated in more and more areas. The number of pixels of digital camera, exposure mode, additional functions have been condensered when we buy a digital camera. The digital camera control system has been in developmentbecause of the growing demands. The design of the system has two aspects of study design of hardware and software. I will complete the schematic design as Hardware, the selection of devices, control circuits, drive circuitry, isolation circuitry, such as module design as Hardware; I will study the mathematical model of image focus, focus on the choice of control strategy, drive motor, such as software modules design. Hardware circuit will be designed by Protel schematic and PCB documents; flow chart and flow chart of the module will been written. Keywords: digital camera；control system；DSP
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电车空调控制系统_电气工程论文范文_电气工程论文
电气工程论文 目 录 摘 要I AbstractII 1 绪 论1 2 总体方案设计2 2.1 系统总体结构2 2.2 系统硬件结构3 2.3 系统总体软件结构3 3 PIC16F690单片机5 3.1 PIC16F690系统硬件概况5 3.1.1 内核及外围模块5 3.1.2 内核结构的特点6 3.1.3 中断机制6 3.2 EUSART通信模块8 3.3 定时器9 3.3.1 定时器09 3.3.2 定时器110 3.3.3 定时器210 3.4 模数转换器模块10 4 硬件功能模块及软件介绍12 4.1 主要硬件功能模块简介12 4.1.1 复位电路12 4.1.2 DC/DC变换功能芯片3406312 4.1.3 MAX485芯片14 4.1.4 串并口转换芯片74HC59515 4.2 软件设计17 4.2.1 RS485主从式多机通信协议17 4.2.2 程序设计21 5 系统的调试24 5.1 硬件电路调试24 5.2 系统调试24 5.3 系统的改进方向24 6 总 结25 致 谢26 参考文献27 附录 系统原理图及PCB图28 摘 要 在城市交通中，公共汽车是必不可少的交通工具，它为人们带来了便捷、经济和实惠。同时，也可为城市减少交通阻塞创造有利条件，可相对减少自行车和小轿车的行驶量。绿色环保以人为本，现代高科技观念，是人们的追求目标，电车空调满足了绿色环保的要求。单片机控制技术在汽车电子中的应用日渐广泛，它显著提高了汽车的智能化控制水平和安全性能。但是，目前客车空调大多还是以传统式的旋钮开关控制方式，控温精度差，功能单一，与汽车工业的发展不相适宜。本款电车空调控制器采用高性价比PIC单片机，运用嵌入式智能控制和RS485通信总线技术，采用数码管显示。同时拥有多级风速变换、换新风、自动除霜等功能，保证在各种外界气候和条件下使乘客都处于一个舒适的空气环境中，使驾驶员保持清晰的视野，为安全驾驶提供基本保证。 关键词：PIC; RS485; 空调 Abstract In urban transport, bus transport is essential, it convenient for people, economic and benefits. At the same time, it creates favorable conditions to reduce traffic congestion and reduces the bike’s and car’s traffic volume. Green people-oriented, high-tech concept is the goal that people are pursuing, air-conditioned trams meets the requirements of the green. The application of MCU technology in the automotive electronics is widespread. It significantly increased the level of intelligent control of the vehicle and safety performance. However, there are air-conditioned buses still using the traditional switch-knob control. It has poor temperature control accuracy and single function, which is not appropriate with the development of the automobile industry. This tram air-conditioning controller uses cost-effective PIC microcontroller, the intelligent embedded control, communication RS485 bus technology, digital indicators. At the same time, with multi-level wind speed transformation, replacement wind, automatic defrost, and other functions, whatever the weather and conditions outside is, it ensures the passengers a comfortable environment, It also brings the driver clear vision and basic guarantees of safe driving . Keywords：PIC; RS485; air-conditioning
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低压智能断路器的软硬件开发_电气工程论文范文
电气工程论文 摘 要 随着全球电力工业的飞速发展，低压电器与电气控制技术在工农业生产和人们的日常生活中应用的越来越广泛。为了保证生产生活的正常进行，在配电电路、电动机或其他用电设备中接入一个断路器，用于自动切断故障线路，以保护用点设备不会受过载、短路等影响而损坏。 传统的断路器仅有简单的保护功能，缺少一些直观的观测且运用不够灵活。为此，我们开设本课题，研究低压断路器的软硬件,将智能化运用到断路器中，一方面可以在同一台断路器上实现多种功能，包括过欠压跳闸保护，短路跳闸保护，高温保护以及参数显示等功能；另一方面可使断路器实现与中央控制计算机双向通信构成智能化的监控、保护、信息网络系统，使断路器从基本的原始的保护功能发展到智能化的保护功能。 关键词：断路器 智能化 低压 软件开发 目 录 摘要………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ Abstract …………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ 1绪论………………………………………………………………………………………1 1.1 背景…………………………………………………………………………………1 1.2 任务和目标 …………………………………………………………………………1 2总体设计方案……………………………………………………………………………2 2.1 系统总体结构 ………………………………………………………………………2 2.2 系统硬件结构 ………………………………………………………………………3 2.3 系统软件程序框图 …………………………………………………………………4 3系统硬件模块的选择与建立 …………………………………………………………5 3.1 系统各单元的选择 …………………………………………………………………5 3.2 三相电能专用计量芯片ATT7022A …………………………………………………5 3.2.1功能简介 ………………………………………………………………………5 3.2.2芯片特点 ………………………………………………………………………5 3.2.3内部框图 ………………………………………………………………………6 3.2.4系统功能 ………………………………………………………………………7 3.3 控制单元PIC16F877…………………………………………………………………11 3.4 LCD显示单元CM12864-10 …………………………………………………………13 3.5 温度检测单元DS1820 ……………………………………………………………14 3.6 基本结构的建立 ……………………………………………………………………18 4系统软件程序 …………………………………………………………………………22 4.1 PIC16F877部分控制程序 ……………………………………………………………22 4.1.1 LCD显示程序 ………………………………………………………………22 4.1.2 SPI串行通讯程序 ……………………………………………………………28 4.2 ATT7022A校表程序 ………………………………………………………………30 4.2.1 复位ATT7022A ……………………………………………………………30 4.2.2写启动电流 …………………………………………………………………30 4.2.3 写A相功率增益 ……………………………………………………………30 4.2.4 写A、B、C相电压校正 ……………………………………………………31 5总结 ……………………………………………………………………………………32 致谢 ……………………………………………………………………………………33 参考文献 …………………………………………………………………………………34 附录 ………………………………………………………………………………………35 Abstract With the global power industry's rapid development，Low-voltage electrical appliances and electrical control technology in the industrial and agricultural production and people's daily lives more and more extensive application of. In order to ensure the normal production and life，In the distribution circuits, motor or other electrical equipment in the access of a circuit breaker used for the automatic cut off Fault line to protect the equipment will not have to set point, short-circuit, and other effects of damage. The traditional circuit breaker only simple protection , lack of visual observation and not enough flexibility in the use. So we set up this topic, research Low-voltage circuit breakers on the hardware and software, use intelligent in the circuit breaker, On the one hand, the same circuit breaker can achieve multiple functions, including tripping Over-under voltage protection, short circuit protection tripping, high-temperature protection and parameters, and other functions; on the other hand it can achieve the central control computer and a two-way communication intelligent Monitoring, protection, information network system, so that the original circuit breaker from the basic protection to the development of intelligent protection. Keywords：Circuit breakers, Intelligent, Low-voltage, Software development
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某工厂10kV变电站一次侧设计_电气工程论文范文
电气工程论文 摘 要 本次设计的任务是对某工厂10kV变电所一次侧设计。该系统为10kV电源进线，经过主变压器降压输送到各车间变电所，车间变电所再降压成380V，供给各车间使用。经过对基础设计资料的分析后，发现各个车间设备大都是三级负荷，只有小部分为二级负荷，且与邻近的化工厂有联络线，因此，经过计算，并查阅了很多相关资料，最后确定了变压器的台数和容量，主变压器到各车间采用单母线分段的接线方式。各个车间的接线采用放射式的接线方式。根据计算电流，选好各个设备，并通过短路电流、电压损失等进行校验和整定，最后确定设计完成。 关键词：一次侧 ；负荷计算；短路校验；继电保护 目录 摘 要I AbstractII 1 前 言1 1.1设计背景及意义1 1.2本设计的主要工作1 2 原始材料2 2.1 主体设计依据2 2.2 气象及地质资料2 2.3 当地电业部门提供的技术资料3 2.4 供用电协议3 3 负荷计算和无功补偿5 3.1 负荷计算5 3.1.1 负荷计算方法及其比较5 3.1.2 负荷计算5 3.2 无功功率补偿7 4 变压器的选择9 4.1 对于各车间变压器的初步选型9 4.2 变压器台数选择9 5主接线方案的确定11 5.1 主接线设计的基本要求11 5.2 主接线方案的确定11 6 短路电流计算14 6.1 短路电流计算目的14 6.2 短路电流计算方法14 6.3 短路电流计算15 6.4 低压电网短路电流17 6.4.1 高压系统电抗17 6.4.2 变压器的阻抗17 6.4.3 母线的阻抗17 7 电线电缆及一次设备的选择19 7.1 配电线路选择19 7.2 高低压母线的选择19 7.3 低压出线的选择19 7.3.1 按发热条件选择19 7.3.2 校验电压损耗20 7.4 高压开关柜的选择20 7.5 低压开关柜选择20 8 整定保护计算22 8.1 继电保护的装置选择与整定22 8.2 线路的过电流和速断保护24 8.2.1 过电流保护24 8.2.2 电流速断保护25 8.3 电力变压器的继电保护25 8.3.1 过电流保护26 8.3.2 电流速断保护26 8.3.3 过负荷保护27 9 变电所的防雷保护与接地装置28 9.1 雷电过电压保护与接地28 9.2 避雷针保护范围计算29 10 总 结30 致 谢31 参考文献32 附录 系统原理图33 Abstract The main content of this graduation is to design the primary side of a 10kV substation. The electric power system plans to use 10kV inlet line. Through the main transformer, voltage can be transformed to 380V to provide electrical power for workshop. After to analysis raw data，I found that most workshop equipment were three class load, only a small part was two class load and with the nearby chemical plants have a contact line. Through calculating and looking up a lot of relevant information, finally, the number of transformers have been identified .The line of main transformer to workshop is the single bus section of the wiring. Various workshops wiring used radiation-Connection. According to calculate current, the right equipment can be selected, and at the same time checking through short-circuit current and voltage loss, the final design can be completed. Keywords：primary side; load calculation; check short-circuit; current protection
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某工厂35KV变电所总体设计_电气工程论文范文
电气工程论文 目 录 摘 要Ⅰ 1 绪 论 1 2 设计任务2 2．1 设计总任务2 2．2 设计依据2 2.2.1厂区组成及布置2 2.2.2 设计资料3 3 全厂负荷统计6 3．1 负荷计算6 3．2 无功功率补偿7 3．3对各车间变压器的型号进行初选:8 4 选择变压器的容量及台数12 4．1主变压器的台数选择及其原理12 4.1.1变压器台数选择的原理12 4.1.2变压器台数的选择12 4．2主变压器的容量和型号选择13 4．3电力变压器的功率损耗13 4．4 35kV侧的负荷计算13 5 确定供电系统15 5．1确定电源进线电压及电力来源15 5．2拟定全厂供电系统图15 6 短路电流计算17 6．1计算短路电流的目的17 6.1.1短路的原因及危害17 6．2短路电流的计算方法17 6.2.1计算方法17 6.2.2计算步骤17 7 高压设备选择22 7．1高压设备选择的原则22 7.1.1高压开关柜的选择原则22 7.1.2短路校验的原则22 7．2各部分高压开关柜的型号选择22 7.2.1 10 kV进线柜的选择22 7.2.2 车间变电所出线开关柜的选择22 7.2.3 试验变压器开关柜的选择23 7.2.4 避雷装置开关柜的选择23 7.3 变电所一次设备的选择与校验23 7.3.1 35kV侧一次设备的选择与校验23 7.3.2 10kV侧一次设备的选择与校验24 8 高压线路选择26 8.1 线路选择与校验的项目及条件26 8.2 35kV高压进线线路选择与校验26 8.2.1 选择校验的方法26 8.2.2 按经济电流密度和发热条件选择35kV高压进线26 8.3 10kV高压出线线路的选择与校验27 8.3.1选择校验的方法27 8.3.2按发热条件选择6.3kV高压出线27 8.4 各车间用电设备导线选择28 8.4.1各变电所设备所用导线选择28 8.4.2各车间高压负荷导线选择29 9 继电保护设置30 9.1 系统继电保护及自动装置30 9.2 主变压器的继电保护装置30 9.3 10kV母线断路器的保护32 9.4 10kV出线各支路的保护32 9.5 相间短路保护33 9.6 其它各线路保护整定计算33 10 防雷与接地设计35 10.1 变电所的防雷保护35 10.1.1 电力线路的防雷措施35 10.1.2 变配电所的防雷措施35 10.1.3 雷电侵入波的防护37 10.2 变电所公共接地装置的设计37 10.2.1接地电阻的要求37 10.2.2接地装置的设计37 11 绘制总变电所供电系统全图38 12 总结40 致谢41 参考文献42 摘 要 本次某工厂35KV变电所总体设计的工厂包括铸钢车间、铸铁车间、电气装配车间、模型车间、锻造车间等，该工厂生产机械高度集中，设备用电量较大，对供电要求较高，供电中断会造成减产和产品质量下降，带来较大的经济损失。为了避免事故，保证生产的顺利进行，必须采用如：防触电、过负荷、过电流保护及防雷等一系列技术措施和相应的管理制度，以确保供电的安全。通过对设计原始资料的分析，全厂负荷的计算，选择相应的主变压器台数和容量，从而确定其具体的供电系统。再对其初选的系统进行相应的短路计算和高压设备的选择及校验，选择和校验高压线路，最后简单的进行继电保护设置的说明。结合课本的基础知识，根据我国变配电所的运行情况以及各种变压器、开关柜、线路等电器设备的标准，进行具体的定量地选择电器设备，最终可以得出具体的关于工厂总降压变配电所供电的系统图。 关键词 ：变电所 负荷计算 变压器 继电保护 Abstract The design of 35 KV substation system including Steel foundry, Iron foundry, electricity Assembly shop, Model room, Forge shop and so on, the factory has production machinery of high concentration, electricity demand of the equipment is great, the request of power supply is high .Power interruption will cause decline in production and product quality, leading to great economic losses. To avoid accidents and ensure the smooth progress of production, we must adopt a series of technical measures and corresponding management system to ensure the security of electricity supply,such as against receiving an electric shock, overload, over-current protection and anti-radar. Through the analysis of the firsthand information, the computation of entire factory load, choosing the corresponding main transformer number and the capacity, thus determining its concrete power supply system. Then carrying on the corresponding short circuit computation and the choice and verification of high pressure unit and the verification again to its primary election's system, and carrying on the choice and the verification of the high-tension line, finally set the explanation of the relay protection establishment simply. according to the elementary knowledge of the textbook and the substation system operational aspect in our country and as well as the standard of various transformers, switch cabinets, lines, we can carry on the concrete quota choice of electric appliance equipment, finally we can obtain concrete power supply diagram of the factory’s total dropping and changing voltage substation. Key words: Substation Load forecasting Transformer Relaying protection
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临安市锦城镇35kV变电站一次设计_电气工程论文
电气工程论文 摘 要 变电站是电力系统中不可缺少的重要环节，它担负着电能转换和电能重新分配的重要任务。在电力系统中变电站变换电压、接受和分配电能、控制电力的流向和调整电压的电力设施，它通过其变压器将各级电压的电网联系起来。在我国，35kV变电站分布广泛，是居民用电、工业用电的保证。35kV变电站的可靠运行，直接关系着工农业生产、人民生活、社会进步。随着经济的不断发展，特别是近几年房地产的开发，供电负荷猛增。时值国家“城、农网”即“两网”改造工程，为保证安全、优质、经济供电，更好地为地区经济服务， 35KV变电所的改造设计对于确保电网安全、稳定运行，提高供电质量和供电可靠性有着至关重要的作用。 本文在查得系统与线路及所有负荷的参数的基础上，分析国内外35kV的现状及发展趋势。并通过对负荷资料以及线路发展趋势的分析，从安全，经济及可靠性方面考虑，对临安市锦城镇35kV变电站进行了一次线路的设计，编制了设计说明书并绘制了临安市锦城镇35kV变电站主接线图。 关键词： 供电设计，变电站设计，一次电路设计 目 录 摘要……………………………………………………………………………. . .……………..I 1 前言………………………………………………………………………………………....5 2 锦城镇35kV变电站设计要求与原始资料……………………………. ............... .6 2.1 锦城镇35kV变电站总体概况……………………………………………………....6 2.2 锦城镇35kV变电站设计技术要求…………………………………………………12 3 临安市锦城镇35kV变电站电气主接线的设计………………………………… .14 3.1 锦城镇变电站35kV主接线概述……………………………………………………14 3.2 锦城镇35kV变电站主接线设计原则………………………………………………17 3.3 锦城镇35kV变电站变压器容量与台数选择…………………………..…………..17 3.4 锦城镇35kV变电站主接线方案设计………………………………………………19 4 临安市锦城镇35kV变电站短路计算…………………………………………23 4.1 短路计算的理论依据与基本方法…………………………………………………...23 4.2 锦城镇变电站35kV变电站主要短路计算点的确定…………………………...….23 4.3 锦城镇变电站35kV变电站短路计算……………………………………................24 5 临安市锦城镇35kV变电站高压电气开关设备选择…………………………….28 5.1 高压电气设备的选择与校验原则…………………………………………………...28 5.2 锦城镇35kV变电站高压开关电器选择与校验………………………………...….28 5.2.1 高压断路器的选择与校验…………………………………………………..28 5.2.2 高压熔断器的选择与校验…………………………………………………. 31 5.2.3 高压电压互感器的选择……………………………………………………..31 5.2.4 高压电流互感器的选择……………………………………………………..32 6 临安市锦城镇35kV变电站接地与防雷设计……………………………………...33 6.1 锦城镇35kV变电站公共接地装置的设计………………………………………....33 6.1.1 接地电阻的要求……………………………………………………………..33 6.1.2 接地装置的设计……………………………………………………………..33 6.2 锦城镇35kV变电站的防雷保护…………………………………………. ………..34 6.2.1 电力线路的防雷措施………………………………………………………..34 6.2.2 变配电所的防雷措施………………………………………………………..35 6.2.3 雷电侵入波的防护…………………………………………………………..37 7 总结…………………………………………………………………………………………..38 致谢……………………………………………………………………………………………..39 Abstract Power System Substation is an important part of an indispensable, it bears a power conversion and energy redistribution of the important tasks. Substation in power system voltage transformation, acceptance and distribution of electricity, control the power flow and adjust the voltage of the power facilities, it will at all levels through its transformer linked voltage power grid. In our country, 35kV substation widespread is the residents of electricity, industrial electricity guarantee. Reliable operation of the 35kV substation, directly related to the industrial and agricultural production, people's lives, and social progress. With the continuous development of the economy, especially real estate development in recent years, power supply surge load. As the country "City, rural power grid" that is, the "two net" renovation project, in order to ensure safety, quality, economic power, and better services for the regional economy, 35kV substation to ensure that the modified design for the power grid security, stability operations, to improve the quality and supply reliability of power supply has a vital role. In this paper, by searching the load of the system and the line. And information on the load, as well as the development trend line analysis, from security, economic and reliability considerations, the city of Lin'an Jin towns conducted a 35kV substation circuit design, the preparation of the design specification and the mapping of the town of Lin'an JinChen 35kV substation wiring diagram. Key words: power supply design，substation design，primary circuit design
