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这篇原文发表于2010年一期的华尔街报 Wallstreet Journal 上，不过文国网的人员把它翻译成了中文。不错的英文学习资料！里面反映出的问题值得我们深思，为什么我国留不住人才？留美博士出国后不愿再回来？难道只是因为美国生活条件好吗？还是其他因素？
Most foreigners who came to the U.S. to earn doctorate degrees in science and engineering stayed on after graduation -- at least until the recession began -- refuting predictions that post-9/11 restrictions on immigrants or expanding opportunities in China and India would send more of them home.
多数前往美国攻读理工科博士学位的外国人在毕业后都留了下来，至少在衰退开始前是如此，而不是像一些人预测的那样，911事件过后美国限制移民的政策和中国、印度机会的增加，将会使更多的人返回母国。
Newly released data revealed that 62% of foreigners holding temporary visas who earned Ph.D.s in science and engineering at U.S. universities in 2002 were still in the U.S. in 2007, the latest year for which figures are available. Of those who graduated in 1997, 60% were still in the U.S. in 2007, according to the data compiled by the U.S. Energy Department's Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education for the National Science Foundation.
新公布的数据显示，2002年时持有临时签证、在美国大学获得理工科博士学位的外国人中，有62%的人2007年仍在美国。2007年是有此数据的最近年份。据美国能源部(U.S. Energy Department)橡树岭科学与教育研究所(Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education)和美国国家科学基金会(National Science Foundation)联合编制的数据，1997年毕业的这类人当中，2007年仍在美国的有60%。
Foreigners account for about 40% of all science and engineering Ph.D. holders working in the U.S., and a larger fraction in engineering, math and computer fields. 'Our ability to continue to attract and keep foreign scientists and engineers is critical to . . . increase investment in science and technology,' Oak Ridge analyst Michael Finn said.
所有在美工作的理工科博士学位持有人中，约四成为外国人；在工程、数学和计算机领域，这一比例更高。橡树岭研究所分析师芬恩(Michael Finn)说，我们继续吸引、留住外籍科学家与工程师的能力，对于提高科学技术投入至关重要。
'Data for all available cohorts indicate that 'stay rates' of foreign science and engineering doctorate recipients in 2007 are slightly higher than they have been in recent years,' Mr. Finn said. His findings, which use tax data to track graduates, cover the years before the U.S. plunged into a recession that damped job prospects in many U.S. industries and universities.
芬恩说，反映所有可接触人群情况的数据说明，2007年，外籍理工科博士学位获得者的“留下率”略高于近几年。他的研究结果使用了税收数据来跟踪毕业生，反映的是美国陷入衰退、多个行业与大学就业前景受损之前的情况。
Other analysts see signs that recent foreign grads are increasingly likely to return home, particularly in today's weak job market. 'I have no doubt that the 2009 data will show a dramatic shift,' said Vivek Wadwha, executive in residence at Duke University's Pratt School of Engineering, who has been warning loudly about the threat that trend would pose to innovation in the U.S. In October 2008, Mr. Wadwha and others used Facebook to question 1,224 foreigners studying at U.S. institutions at all levels. More than half the Indians and 40% of the Chinese said they hoped to return home within five years.
其他分析人士认为，迹象显示近期外国毕业生越来越有可能回到母国，特别是在如今美国就业市场疲弱不振的情况下。杜克大学(Duke University)普莱特工程学院(Pratt School of Engineering)居留负责人Vivek Wadwha说，我确信，2009年的数据会显示出一种极大的变化。Wadwha一直在大声疾呼，提醒人们注意这种趋势给美国的创新带来的威胁。2008年10月，Wadwha等人利用Facebook调查了在美国各级学校学习的1,224名外国人。超过一半的印度人和四成的中国人表示，他们希望在五年内回国。
Separate NSF surveys show the fraction of foreign Ph.D.s planning to stay in the U.S. dipped in the years following the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attack and then rebounded. Nearly 80% of those with temporary visas surveyed in 2007 said they planned to stay; more than half had definite plans to do so.
国家科学基金会另一项调查显示，2001年9月11日恐怖袭击后的几年，外籍博士计划留在美国的比例出现过下降，后来又回升。2007年接受调查的临时签证持有人中，接近80%表示打算留下来，超过一半的人已经有了留下来的明确计划。
Joy Ying Zhang, the son of a primary-school teacher and a college professor, left China in 1999 for Detroit's Wayne State University, where he arrived with two suitcases and $2,000 in cash. He later transferred to Carnegie Mellon University, which awarded him a Ph.D. in computer science in 2008.
父母分别为小学教师与大学教授的张盈在1999年离开了中国，带着两个箱子和2000美元现金来到底特律的韦恩州立大学(Wayne State University)。后来他转到卡内基梅隆大学(Carnegie Mellon University)，并于2008年获得了计算机科学博士学位。
Four or five of his friends have returned to China, he said, and he has discussed doing so. But Mr. Zhang, now a research assistant professor at Carnegie Mellon's Silicon Valley campus, has decided stay. 'I have spent 10 years here already,' he said. 'It took me some time to get used to American life. Now, it'd be hard to get used to China. It's called 'reverse culture shock.''
他说，有四五个朋友已经回到中国，自己也曾考虑过回国。但现为卡内基梅隆大学硅谷校区研究助理教授的张盈还是决定留下来。他说，我在这里度过了10年的光阴，我是花了一些时间才适应了美国生活的，现在会很难适应中国；这叫“逆向文化冲击”。
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