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- Raymo, J. M., Park, H., Xie, Y., & Yeung, W. J. J. (2015). Marriage and family in East Asia: Continuity and change. Annual Review of Sociology, 41, 471-492.
Introduction 19
Scholar have long portrayed families in East Asia as different tom those in Europe and North America, emphasizing features such as extended family coresidence and strong family ties. One particularly distinctive feature of East Asian families is a clearly defined and deeply entrenched gender division of labor within families. The patriarchal, patrimonial, patrilineal, and patrilocal organization of East Asian families have put women at a severe social and economic disadvantage relative to men. In a classic paper on the influence of Chinese family structure on gender inequality, Greenhalgh stated that “traditional Confucian China and its cultural offshoots, Japan and Korea, evolved some of the most patriarchal family systems that ever existed.”
这是一篇review的文章，我觉得作者的写作功底还是不错的。下面请看： scholar have long portraited 注意这个单词，可以学习，portrait as different from …, emphasizing features…. 一句话形容了好多好多内容。 One particularly distinctive feature … 注意用distinctive来形容feature， a clearly defined and deeply entrenched gender division of labor 这是典型的一个特点，有时候我觉得读文章，这种语言的学习也是知识的学习，因为你并不知道gender division of labor 应该是怎么样的，一个clearly defined and deeply entrenched 明了而且充满了知识的含量。后面请注意这四个以patri（父系的含义）打头的单词，分别意思是家长的（patriarchal）, 世袭的（patrimonial）, 父系的（patrilineal）, 父居的（patrilocal）的含义。…have put women at ….. relative to men 这也是一个可以学习的用法，不用说…than, 或者compared with， 只需用relative to…. 后面是讲一个大家的评价，用in a classic paper on …., ….. stated that …. 注意classic 和state 在这种情况下的作用。
Another distinctive feature of the traditional East Asian family is the paramount importance of family lineage. In this tradition, individuals are no more than temporary carriers who perpetuate familial male lines, with ancestors assuming spiritual roles. This emphasis on lineage and ancestor worship is particularly pronounced in Chinese culture, with each large family clan essentially having its own folk religion. The god-like status of ancestors also carries practical implications for everyday life in the form of filial piety. A core value in the Chinese family, filial piety requires that children or grandchildren respect and care for their parents or grandparents. The same is true of Korean families and, perhaps to a lesser degree, Japanese families.
注意 distinctive feature, paramount importance, lineage (血统，家系，世系)。 No more than, 带有不仅仅是。 Particularly pronounced （=marked, striking, conspicuous, sharp）特别明显, with 引用一个修饰的句子. 注意filial piety 是孝敬的含义，如何解释filial piety 的大家也可以学习一下， requires children and grandchildren respect and care for their parents or grandparents. The same is true of … perhaps to a lesser degree….
Of course, there is large within-country and between-country variation in family organization and behavior in the four East Asian societies that we examine in this article. Still, pronounced similarities across China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan can be traced back to the common origin of the Confucian model of the family and are currently manifested in multiple aspects of these societies, including men’s and women’s work and family roles. Contemporary China is markedly different from the other three societies in terms of both political structure and demographic trends, but it also has a strong historical connection with, and has exerted substantial cultural influence on ,the other three societies.
正在做东亚跨国比较的小伙伴们可以学习一下这个地方对东亚几个重要社会的描述。 注意within-country and between country variation 而不是difference，显得表达更专业。 注意这个作者特别喜欢用pronounced 还有distinct 这两个单词，还是不错的单词，大家也可以学习一下，Confucian model of …. 这个可以作为描述东亚社会共同特别一个表达， 后面大家可以看到markedly different , 这个也是pronounced difference 的意思，in terms of … 可以表达 aspects of…的含义， political structure and demographic trend 是东亚社会distinctive 的地方， 而拥有相同的historical connection 则是东亚社会相同点。 诸位小亲友，经过Timpani_Jiang的推荐，我将文章都放入了文库 英语论文写作每日一帖，如果你们喜欢我的内容，可以点击下方订阅 下方的文库，这样我的每日更新就会自动在你的页面上出现了。
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