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驻极体模板作用下极化聚合物薄膜材料的静电自组装_化工专业论文
驻极体模板作用下极化聚合物薄膜材料的静电自组装_化工专业论文 目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目录III 1. 绪论1 1.1 引言1 1.2 已研制的极化聚合物材料及研究现状2 1.3 静电自组装薄膜技术3 1.4 驻极体材料的选择及极化方法5 1.5 选题背景与目的6 1.6 本章小结7 2. 实验部分8 2.1 实验材料与仪器8 2.2 极化聚合物材料的选取8 2.3 极化聚合物薄膜的制备工艺8 2.4 表面电位的测量9 2.5 准静态压电系数的测量10 2.6 紫外-可见吸收光谱的测量10 2.7 本章小结11 3. 结果与讨论12 3.1 驻极体基膜的制备及电荷稳定性12 3.2 制备主客体掺杂DR1/PMMA膜基底PTFE膜的表面电位15 3.3 主客体掺杂DR1/PMMA膜电荷稳定性15 3.4 主客体掺杂DR1/PMMA膜的压电性18 3.5 DR1/PMMA膜UV-VIR光谱18 3.6 本章小结19 4. 总结与展望21 致谢22 参考文献23 摘 要：极化聚合物，也称分子偶极聚合物驻极体，是将极性生色团分子通过掺杂或化学键合的方式链接到聚合物材料中去，在外电场作用下，使极性生色团分子沿电场方向取向并被冻结下来而形成的一类新型非线性光学材料。本论文采用栅控电晕驻极、等温表面电位衰减和压电系数d33测量等方法，研究了膜厚、驻极温度和老化条件对PTFE膜电荷稳定性的影响；并以经100℃驻极未老化的90μm厚度PTFE膜为带静电基底实现主客体掺杂DR1/PMMA膜的静电自组装，讨论了膜厚、掺杂浓度、制备方法对主客体掺杂DR1/PMMA膜的影响。结果表明，由1.5ml的成膜液制得的掺杂浓度为5%的主客体掺杂DR1/PMMA膜电荷储存稳定性最佳；掺杂浓度为5%、0.5ml的成膜液制得的主客体掺杂DR1/PMMA膜压电系数最大，达到25pC/N。 关键词：极化聚合物；静电自组装；驻极体；表面电位；电荷稳定性 Abstract: Amorphous polymers containing preferential orientational molecular chromophore dipoles doped or chemically attachment to polymer macromolecules are a class of new molecular nonlinear optical materials, which also called molecular dipole polymer electret. In present paper，the effect of the thickness，aging condition and charging temperature on the charge stability of PTFE films are researched by means of corona charging, isothermal surface-potential and piezoelectricity modulus measurement etc. The electrostatic self-assembly of the host-quest type DR1/PMMA films on PTFE films which charging condition is 100℃,the thickness is 90μm. The effect of the thickness,doped concentration and preparation methods on the charge stability of the host-quest type DR1/PMMA films are discussed. The result shows that the charge stability of the film is the best which was prepared by the host-quest type DR1/PMMA solution in which doped concentration is 5% and volume is 1.5ml; piezoelectricity modulus is the highest which was prepared by the host-quest type DR1/PMMA solution in which doped concentration is 5% and volume is 0.5ml, reach to 25pC/N. Keywords：Poled polymer; Electrostatic self-assembly; Electret; Surface potential; Charge stability
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新型微波技术制备超微绿茶粉及提取物的研究_化工专业论文
化工专业论文范文 目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目录III 1. 绪论1 1.1 超微绿茶粉、绿茶水提物（速溶茶粉）的产品特点及研究现状1 1.2 微波及新型微波技术的特点及研究现状2 1.3 选题的背景及意义8 2. 研究的内容和实验设计9 2.1 研究的目标9 2.2 主要研究内容10 2.3 研究的关键技术10 2.4 试验设计10 3. 实验结果及分析10 3.1 新型滚筒式微波技术制备超微绿茶粉试验11 3.2 新型微波真空冷冻干燥制备绿茶水提物（速溶茶粉）试验17 4. 总结与展望22 4.1 总结22 4.2 展望23 致谢25 参考文献26 附录28 摘 要：本论文运用微波杀青、超声波辅助提取、微波真空冷冻干燥等技术及其新型设备，以中低档鲜绿茶为原料制备超微绿茶粉、绿茶提取物（速溶茶粉），通过不同杀青、提取、干燥等工艺方法和不同的工艺条件，对超微绿茶粉、绿茶提取物（速溶茶粉）的品质影响做了实验。用物理检测、感观评价、仪器分析、化学试验等检测后得出结论：应用新型滚筒式微波杀青和干燥技术制备超微绿茶粉，在杀青时间50S、杀青功率8KW的条件下，不仅色、香、味俱佳，并提高了产品的复水性，干燥时间只为热风干燥的约 1/4；应用新型微波冷冻真空干燥技术加工制成的绿茶提取物（速溶茶粉），不仅大大缩短了干燥时间，且冷溶性好，又最大程度地保留绿茶中营养成分，产品品质提高。本文还运用中试装置进行了超微绿茶粉、绿茶提取物（速溶茶粉）制备新工艺优化。 关键词：微波；超声；超微绿茶粉；绿茶提取物 Abstract: This project involves the preparation of ultramicro green tea powder and green tea extract(instant tea powder)from low medium grade fresh tea leaves using microwave fixation, ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave freeze drying under vacuum with new instruments, and experimentation on the tea quality effects of different fixation, extraction and drying methods using various experimental parameters.The results were obtained through physical determination, sensory eva luation, instrumental analysis and chemical experimentation. Using new drum-type microwave fixation at 8KW of the irradiation power within 50s and new drying technology for the preparation of ultromicro green tea powder, the color, smell and taste were all good, and the re-hydration quality of products was improved .Apart from that, the drying time of the new technology was one fourth of the heated-air drying’s; By using new microwave vacuum freezing drying technology, first of all, the drying time was immensely reduced; Secondly, the low-temperature solubility of the products became much better in comparison with conventional methods; Lastly, the quality of the prodcuts was enhanced since more nutrition was retained in the product through freezing drying. This project also involves the pilot tests of preparation of green tea powder and green tea extrat(instant tea powder) using new technology. Keywords：Ultramicro green tea powder, Green tea extract, Microwave, Ultrasound
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正交优化菜籽油甾醇提取工艺_化工专业论文
正交优化菜籽油甾醇提取工艺_化工专业论文 目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目录III 1 绪论1 1.1 植物甾醇的结构和理化性质1 1.2 关于提取植物甾醇的研究2 1.3 植物甾醇应用3 1.4 植物甾醇的开发及研究现状5 2 实验部分6 2.1 实验原料，试剂与仪器6 2.2 实验步骤6 3 结果与讨论8 3.1 单因素考察8 3.2 正交实验结果及极差分析11 3.3 溶剂的回收13 3.4 对比实验14 4 总结与展望15 致谢16 参考文献17 摘 要：对植物甾醇提取工艺进行优化，得出较佳提取条件，可应用于植物甾醇的提取。以10mL菜籽油的植物甾醇产量为指标，对萃取剂用量、提取过程中反应温度，萃取的次数，液料比，反应时间等因素进行了单因素考察，最后用正交法进行优化。实验结果表明：萃取剂用量60mL，反应温度93℃，提取次数1次，取时间为45min，萃取剂用量50mL, 液料比为5:1；溶剂回收再利用可行。通过正交设计得出较佳条件为：提取不皂化物时，加氢氧化钠-乙醇溶液40mL，在93℃下皂化60min，再用110mL乙醚萃取1次。 关键词：菜籽油；甾醇；提取；正交优化 Abstract: In this article the optimization experiment of the extraction of phytosterols from rapeseed crude oil was carried out and the optimal extraction condition was determined, and accordingly to be used in industrialization extracting of phytosterols. In the experiment extraction yield of phytosterol from 10mL rapeseed crude oil was taken as an index, extraction agent, extraction temperature, extraction times, solid-liquid ratio, and extraction time in the extraction process were studied, finally the experiment was optimized by orthogonal. The results showed that under the solid-liquid ratio was 5:1(V/V), the time of extraction was 45 min, the extractant volume was 50 mL，the temperature of extraction was 93℃, the extractant tim was 1, liquid ratio was 5:1; The solvent could be recycled. Obtained by orthogonal design, the better conditions were obtained by orthogonal design as follows: when extracted unsaponifiable matter, adding sodium hydroxide-ethanol 40mL, saponification at 93℃ under 60min, then 110mL ether extraction 1 time. Keywords：Rapeseed crude oil；Phytosterols；Extraction；Orthogonal optimization
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MAA和MMA梯度共聚物性能研究_化工专业论文范文
化工专业论文范文 目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目 录III 1 绪论1 2 实验部分8 2.1 实验原料8 2.2 梯度共聚物水溶液的制备9 2.3 梯度共聚物膜的制备9 2.3 表征方法10 3 结果与讨论11 3.1 梯度共聚物水溶液的性能11 3.2 梯度共聚物热性能14 3.3 梯度共聚物膜的表面形貌16 4 结论17 致 谢18 参考文献19 摘要：梯度共聚物是一类新型的聚合物材料，其沿链长方向组成呈梯度渐变，组成分布介于无规共聚物和嵌段共聚物之间。随着活性自由基聚合技术的发展，梯度共聚物才逐渐被关注。梯度共聚物被认为是一类潜在的功能性材料，可以用作阻尼材料、相容剂、表面活性剂等。理论和实验都证明组成梯度是一个可以调控聚合物纳微米形貌的链结构参数，因此它对实现聚合物材料的高性能十分重要。本文以甲基丙烯酸(MAA)/甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)梯度共聚物(Poly(MAA-grad-MMA))为模型聚合物，采用组成为无规分布的共聚物(Poly(MAA-uni-MMA))、组成梯度为线性的共聚物(Poly(MAA-li-MMA))、中间段为线性梯度的三嵌段共聚物(Poly(MAA-tri-MMA))以及二嵌段共聚物(Poly(MAA-di-MMA))四种梯度共聚物，系统地研究了组成分布对Poly(MAA-grad-MMA)水溶液的性能、Poly(MAA-grad-MMA)的热性能以及Poly(MAA-grad-MMA)膜的表面形貌。 关键词：MAA/MMA梯度共聚物；组成分布；溶液性能；热性能；表面形貌 英文摘要 Abstract: Gradient copolymers, of which the chemical compositions change along chain backbones, can be synthesized only via living polymerization processes. As a novel type of copolymers, synthesis of gradient copolymers and eva luation of their materials properties have received increasing interest recently. Gradient copolymers are potential to be used as damping materials, compatibilizer, etc. Both theoretical and experimental investigations suggested that the composition profiles along chains be an important microstructural parameter for fine-tuning nano-morphologies, and thus physical and functional properties of polymer materials. We used four kinds of methacrylic acid(MAA)/methyl methacrylate(MMA) gradient copolymers, involving uniform MAA/MMA copolymer(Poly(MAA-uni-MMA)), linear MAA/MMA copolymer(Poly(MAA-li-MMA)), triblock MAA/MMA copolymer with a linear gradient mid-block(Poly(MAA-tri-MMA)) and diblock MAA/MMA copolymer (Poly(MAA-di-MMA)), to systematically investigate the influence of composition profiles on their chemical and physical properties in solution, in bulk and in form of film. Keywords: MAA/MMA gradient copolymer; Composition profiles;Solution property; Thermal property; Film property
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汽液平衡测定及一致性模型的研究_化工专业论文范文
化工专业论文范文 目 录 中文摘要………………………..…………………..……………………………I 英文摘要……………………………………..…………….……………………II 目录……………………………………………………………………………..III 1. 绪论..……………………………………………………………...................1 1.1 前言…………………………………………………………….....……1 1.2 状态方程……………………………………………………..… ….….2 1.3活度系数模型介绍……………………………………………………..4 1.4 热力学一致性检验模型………………………………...…………......9 1.4.1 面积检验模型………………………………………………..…9 1.4.2 点检验模型…………………………………………….………10 2 实验部分……………………………………………………………..…….13 2.1 选题的背景与意义 …………………………………………………13 2.2汽液相平衡数据热力学一致性检验系统简介………………...……13 2.3示例……………………………………………………………….…..18 3 结果与讨论………………………………………………………… ………25 4总结与展望 …………………………………………………………………26 4.1总结……………………………………………………………….…..26 4.2展望……………………………………………………………….…..27 总结…………………………………………………….…………….… ……..26 致谢………………………………………………… …...…………… ………28 参考文献…………………………………………………………….………....29 摘 要：介绍了汽液相平衡数据一致性检验的重要性，对应用于汽液相平衡数据预测的状态方程法和活度系数模型包括Margules模型Van Laar 模型、Wilson模型、UNIQUAC模型等作了简单的归纳，详细概述了一致性检验的两种模型即面积检验模型与点检验模型，比较了各自的优缺点。本文对汽液相平衡一致性检验模型为研究对象，选择VB程序编译软件编译可视界面，同时调用强大的计算功能的MATLAB函数库,建立汽液相平衡一致性检验程序，用于汽液相平衡数据的一致性检验。 关键词：汽液相平衡；热力学一致性检验；VB程序编译 Abstract: Introduced vapor-liquid equilibrium data consistency test of the importance of vapor-liquid equilibrium data used in forecasting the state of law and the activity coefficient equation model, including Van Laar model Margules model, Wilson model, UNIQUAC model briefly summarized , a detailed overview of the consistency test of two models that test the model with the point size test model to compare their respective advantages and disadvantages. In this paper, vapor-liquid equilibrium model of consistency test for the study, select the VB compiler program to compile software visualization interface, and powerful computing power to call the MATLAB function library, the establishment of consistency of vapor-liquid equilibrium testing procedures for the vapor-liquid balance of data consistency check. Key words: Vapor-liquid equilibrium; thermodynamic consistency test; VB compiler program
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染料脱盐实验研究_化工专业论文范文
化工专业论文范文 目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目录III 1. 绪论1 1.1 染料的分类 1 1.1.1 染料应用分类 1 1.1.2 染料结构分类 2 1.2 染料制备与盐分离方法 3 1.2.1 盐析法 3 1.2.2 纳滤法 3 1.2.3 电渗析法4 1.3 膜污染的防治 5 1.3.1 膜材料和孔径的选择5 1.3.2 料液和膜面的预处理 6 1.3.3 操作条件的优化 6 1.3.4 有机膜的改性 6 2. 实验部分7 2.1 实验设备7 2.2 实验试剂与原料7 2.3 实验与浓度分析8 2.3.1 浓度分析8 2.3.2 实验操作8 2.4 脱盐原理9 3. 实验结果与讨论10 3.1 脱盐实验准备10 3.1.1 波长扫描10 3.1.2 不同的染料浓度与电导率关系10 3.1.3 染料中盐浓度的变化对电导率和吸光度的影响11 3.1.4 染料浓度和吸光度的关系12 3.1.5 电渗析脱盐实验规律13 3.2 脱盐因素考察13 3.2.1 不同染料浓度的影响13 3.2.2 盐浓度的影响15 3.2.3 不同电流的影响16 4. 总结与展望17 致谢18 参考文献19 摘 要：在染料的生产制备过程中通常会带入大量的盐分。脱盐是生产高品质染料至关重要的步骤, 大量的实践经验已经证明，含盐量过高会直接使染料的纯度降低,从而降低了染料在染色过程中的溶解性能,影响染料的着色,还会影响染料的坚牢度。国内传统的染料生产工艺采用盐析分离染料成分,现在用的较多的有纳滤膜脱盐。本文介绍了电渗析法在染料脱盐实验中的应用。实验通过考察染料脱盐过程中的染料浓度、盐浓度,过程的电流等因素的变化来观察研究。结果表明:电渗析法能对实验染料浓度溶液进行脱盐,脱盐效果可高达95%以上,染料在脱盐过程中的损失率低于1%。 关键词：染料； 电渗析法； 脱盐 Abstract: Dye would be accompanied by the production process of preparation of certain components of salt. Desalination is the production of high-quality dye crucial step. A lot of practical experience has proven that high salt content will directly reduce the purity of dyes, thereby reduce the dissolution performance of dye in the dyeing process, impact colored of dyes, but will also affect the fastness of dye. The desalination from dye is using salting-out in domestic traditional process. Now there are more with the Nanofiltratio. This paper introduces the application of desalination dyes with the electrodialysis. In experimental of dye desalination, the effects of dye desalination such as the dye concentration, the different salt concentration in dye, current were studied. The results showed that: in the experimental dye concentration solution, the salt can be removal with electrodialysis, desalination effect can be as high as more than 95 percent, in the process of desalination the loss rate of dyes are less than 1%. Keywords：Dye ; Electrodialysis ; Desalination
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催化合成水杨酸正戊酯的研究_化工专业论文范文
化工专业论文范文 目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目录III 1. 绪论1 1.1 前言1 1.2 研究现状2 1.3 前景展望4 2. 实验部分5 2.1 实验原料与仪器5 2.1.1 实验原料 5 2.1.2 实验仪器 5 2.2 实验5 2.2.1 实验方案 5 2.2.2 产品分析 6 3. 结果与讨论7 3.1 常规加热合成水杨酸正戊酯的最优化设计7 3.1.1 正交试验方案设计7 3.1.2 实验结果与数据处理8 3.2 微波辐射合成水杨酸正戊酯的最优化设计10 3.2.1 单因素实验10 3.2.2 正交试验方案设计13 3.2.3 实验结果与数据处理14 4．总结与展望16 致谢18 参考文献19 附录21 摘 要: 本论文用正交试验法对常规加热合成水杨酸正戊酯和微波辐射合成水杨酸正戊酯进行了研究,并且通过实验数据分析得出了各自的最优条件。常规加热条件下，考察了醇酸比，搅拌速率，反应时间，催化剂用量四个因素对产率的影响，通过L16(44)正交实验和直观分析得出的最佳反应条件为：醇酸比为5：1，搅拌速率为300r/min, 催化剂用量为1.6ml，反应时间为4h，该条件下的酯化产率为76.40％。微波辐射条件下，考察了醇酸比，催化剂用量，反应温度，反应时间四个因素对产率的影响，通过L16(44)正交实验和直观分析得出的最佳反应条件为: 醇酸比为3：1，催化剂用量为1.1mL , 反应温度120℃，反应时间为40min。该条件下的酯化产率为84.79%。通过比较发现，把微波辐射技术应用于催化酯化反应，可以使反应时间缩短，产率增大。 关键词：水杨酸正戊酯；微波辐射合成；催化酯化；正交设计 Abstract: In this paper, we have used the orthogonal testing method to conventional method as well as the microwave radiation synthesis of amyl salicylate. then has worked out the optimized condition with intuitive analysis. In the conventional method, we have research different proportion of pentanol and salicylic acid, different mix blend velocity, different quantity of Sulfuric acid volume and different reaction time as four factors. Using L16 (44) orthogonal test and intuitive analysis ,the result enunciate that the most suitable and proper reaction conditions is that: the proportion of pentanol and salicylic acid is 5:1,mix blend the velocity is 300r/min, the Sulfuric acid volume is 1.6 mL, and reaction time is 4 hours, and the ester produces a rate of 76.40%. Then we complete synthesis of amyl salicylate at microwave radiation. It investigated the yield of ester by using different proportion of pentanol and salicylic acid, different quantity of sulfuric acid volume, different reaction temperature ,different reaction time . Using L16 (44) orthogonal test and intuitive analysis, the result enunciate that the most suitable and proper reaction conditions is that: the proportion of pentanol and salicylic acid is 3:1, the Sulfuric acid volume is 1.1 mL, reaction temperature 120℃,reaction time is 40 min, then the ester produces a rate of 84.79%. By comparison, the result shows that when microwave radiation technology was used in esterification, we can get short reaction times and high yields. Keywords: Amyl salicylate; Microwave radiation; Catalytic esterification; Orthogonal design.
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有机硅阳离子乳液的制备及优化研究_化工专业论文范文
化工专业论文范文 目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要:II 目 录III 1. 绪论1 1.1有机硅概述1 1.1.1国外有机硅生产现状1 1.1.2国内有机硅现状2 1.2 乳液聚合概述3 1.3 阳离子乳液聚合机理4 1.4 本课题的提出5 2. 实验部分6 2.1主要原料和试剂6 2.2 主要仪器和设备6 2.3 实验步骤7 2.4 样品测试8 3. 结果与讨论9 3.1 搅拌速度的影响9 3.2 催化剂用量的影响10 3.3 温度的影响11 3.4 阳离子乳化剂用量的影响11 3.5 非离子乳化剂用量的影响11 3.6 水油比的影响12 3.7 其他非离子乳化剂的影响12 4. 结论与展望14 4.1结论14 4.2 展望15 致 谢15 参考文献16 摘要：有机硅阳离子乳液具有制备方法简单容易，产品效果好等优点，近年来一直受到人们的密切关注。但该工艺存在一个比较大缺陷，即聚合过程中的稳定性，如果控制不力，将出现严重的“飘油”现象。因此本研究将以八甲基环四硅氧烷（D4）为单体、KOH为催化剂，采用复合乳化剂进行环硅氧烷阳离子乳液聚合。在此基础上，详细讨论了搅拌速度、催化剂用量、温度、阳离子型乳化剂用量、非离子型乳化剂用量及种类、水油比等对聚合速率、乳液稳定性和分子量的影响。并最终获得优化的工艺配方：乳化剂1用量为6.9%，乳化剂2用量为3.4%,乳化剂3用量为2.9%，催化剂KOH用量为1%（均相对单体重量比）,搅拌速率为250rpm，水油比为120：70，聚合温度为70℃。 关键词：环硅氧烷；乳液聚合；聚合速率；稳定性 Abstract: In recent years, we have been paying close attention to the silicone cationic emulsion, whose preparation method is simple and easy. But the relative fatal flaw of the process is the stability of the polymerization process. There will be serious "Floating Oil" phenomenon if controlled ineffectively. So this experiment will be conducted using D4 as the monomer, and KOH as catalyst composite emulsifier cyclosiloxane cationic polymerization. On this basis, we discussed detailedly the stirring speed, amount of catalyst, temperature, cationic emulsifier, nonionic emulsifier type, water-oil ratio on the polymerization rate, emulsion stability and the molecular weight. Finally, we have taken the optimization formula: the amount of emulsifier a is 6.9%, the amount of emulsifier b is 3.4%, the amount of emulsifier c is 2.9%, the amount of catalyst is 1% ( all relative weight ratio to monomer ),the mixing speed is 250rpm, the water-oil ratio is 120 to 70, the reaction temperature is 70℃. Keywords: Cyclosiloxane; Emulsion polymerization; Polymerization rate; Stability
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二步法合成聚羧酸盐高效减水剂的研究_化工专业论文
化工专业论文范文 目录 中文摘要Ⅰ 英文摘要Ⅱ 目录III 1 绪 言1 1.1 选题的背景与意义1 1.2 文献综述2 1.2.1 减水剂的发展及研究概况2 1.2.2分子结构设计及其优点3 1.2.3二步法合成聚羧酸盐高效减水剂的作用机理4 1.2.4 二步法合成聚羧酸盐高效减水剂和水泥的相容性5 2 实验部分6 2.1试验材料6 2.1.1 合成减水剂原料和试剂6 2.1.2 水泥净浆试验材料6 2.2 实验设备6 2.3 合成工艺流程7 2.4 二步法合成聚羧酸高效减水剂的合成方法7 2.4.1 第一步:大单体的合成7 2.4.2 第二步:减水剂的合成7 2.4.3 减水剂含固量的测定8 2.4.4 水泥净浆流动度的测试8 3 结果与讨论9 3.1 不同厂家生产的MPEG对减水剂性能的影响9 3.2引发剂用量的影响9 3.3混合聚醚为原料制备的减水剂的性能比较11 3.4引入PPG对水泥净浆流动度的影响12 3.5 MAn替代部分MAA的影响12 3.6不同减水剂产品的性能对比13 3.7与萘系减水剂性能比较15 3.7.1二步法合成聚羧酸盐高效减水剂与萘系减水剂性能比较15 3.7.2二步法合成聚羧酸盐高效减水剂与萘系减水剂混凝土对比实验15 4 总结与展望17 4.1 总结17 4.2 未来展望17 致 谢19 参考文献20 摘要：本文简要的叙述了研究二步法合成聚羧酸盐高效减水剂这个课题的内容及其意义，介绍了近年来国内外二步法合成聚羧酸盐高效减水剂发展现状、从本质上分析了二步法合成聚羧酸盐高效减水剂的作用机理等。简单的描述了二步法合成聚羧酸盐高效减水剂合成方法、工艺方案及实验检测方法，并对实验从实验原料的选择，引发剂对减水剂性能的影响，比较了混合聚醚为原料制备的减水剂的性能，引入PPG后能否起到消泡功能，寻求MAA的替代品及与国内外同系列产品比较、与萘系减水剂之间的比较及混凝土实验等这几个方面进行了数据整理、比较及分析。然后针对实验数据，作出了一些结论性的分析。最后对全文进行总结，并提出今后研究的方向及对二步法合成聚羧酸盐高效减水剂一些展望。 关键词：二步法合成；聚羧酸；减水剂；MPEG；水泥净浆流动度 Abstract：This paper described the research of two-step synthesis of polycarboxylic superplasticizer, the contents of the subject and its significance briefly，and introduced the development of two-step synthesis of polycarboxylic superplasticizer in recent years at home and abroad ,and analyzed the mechanism of superplasticizer in essence. Moreover, it described the synthesis methods, techniques and experimental characterizaton method of two-step synthesis of polycarboxylic superplasticizer. Some data processing, comparison and analysis through the experimental materials from the choice experiment were made. The effect of initiator dosage, preparation from different mixed polyoxyethylenes for cement fluidity , PPG introduced after they played an antifoaming function , MAA seeking alternatives were investigated. The comparison among the aphthalene superplasticizer, polycarboxylic superplasticize with two-steps synthesis and a series of comparative products at home and abroad was made through concrete experiment. Then, some concluding analysis from experimental data was made. Finally，the paper was summarized, and some prospects of future research directions to two-step synthesis of polycarboxylic superplasticizer was proposed. Keywords: two-step synthesis; polycarboxylic; superplasticizer; MPEG; cement fluidity
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二步法合成梳形混凝土超塑化剂的研究_化工专业论文
化工专业论文范文 目 录 中文摘要Ⅰ 英文摘要Ⅱ 目 录III 1. 绪论1 1.1 课题研究内容及意义1 1.2 文献综述2 1.2.1 塑化剂的发展概况2 1.2.2聚羧酸系超塑化剂的作用机理4 1.2.3 国内外聚羧酸系超塑化剂的研究进展5 1 聚羧酸系超塑化剂的研究概况5 2 聚羧酸系超塑化剂的分子结构设计6 3 聚羧酸系超塑化剂合成方法7 4 聚羧酸系超塑化剂研究中的几个问题8 2. 实验部分11 2.1 试验材料11 2.1.1 合成塑化剂原料和试剂：11 2.1.2 水泥净浆试验材料：11 2.2 实验设备11 2.3 合成工艺流程12 2.4 实验方法12 2.4.1 第一步 大单体的合成12 2.4.2 第二步 塑化剂的合成12 2.4.3 塑化剂含固量的测定13 2.4.4 水泥净浆流动度的测试13 3. 结果与讨论14 3.1不同分子量的MPEG对产物分散性能的影响14 3.2不同产地的MPEG对产物分散性能的影响14 3.3 不同的聚醚混合对产物分散性能的影响15 3.4 引发剂对产物分散性能的影响16 3.5 PPG对产物分散性能的影响17 3.6聚羧酸系超塑化剂与萘系塑化剂性能比较18 4.总结与展望19 4.1 总结19 4.2 展望19 致 谢20 参考文献:21 摘 要：随着混凝土高性能化的不断深入发展，超塑化剂成为提高混凝土性能必不可少的组份，是对混凝土性能影响比较大的组份。超塑化剂是指在保持混凝土坍落度基本相同的条件下能大幅度减少拌和用水量的外加剂。聚丙烯酸超塑化剂具有强度高、耐热性、耐久性、耐候性等优异性能，正是由于聚丙烯酸超塑化剂的这些优良特性而使它成为世界性的研究热点。本文通过对聚羧酸型超塑化剂的制备合成及性能测试的研究，主要侧重于研究大单体的合成原料、塑化剂的合成方法、引发剂比例、MPEG的产地以及MPEG分子量不同等因素对塑化剂产品分散性能的影响。通过对比试验，比较聚羧酸系塑化剂和萘系塑化剂的性能，并对结果进行了讨论。综述了新型超塑化剂的研究现状，提出超塑化剂在研究与应用方面的发展方向。 关 键 词： 聚羧酸系超塑化剂；流动度； MPEG作用机理；分子结构设计； Abstract: With the in-depth development of high-performance concrete superplasticizer become essential components to improve the performance of concrete. Superplasticizer refers to the chemical additive which can enhance the slump highly and maintain it for a long time while it can significantly reduce water consumption of mixing additives. Polyacrylic acid superplasticizer have such advantages as high strength, heat resistance, durability, antiweather ability, and other excellent performance. Because of these good characteristics of polyacrylic acid superplasticizer it becomes a global hotspot of superplasticizer field. Based on polycarboxylate type superplasticizer preparation and test of the product properties, this paper focused mainly on studying the effects of the macromonomer synthesis, superplasticizers synthesis method, MPEG origin, the MPEG molecular weight and molecular weight distribution and other factors on the product performances. By comparing the test results, the performances of polycarboxylic plasticizers and Naphthalene plasticizing agent are discussed. Summary of new superplasticizers with higher performances in the future research, and the direction to the development of them were proposed. Keywords: polycarboxylic superplasticizer；fluidity；MPEG mechanism； molecular structure design.
